Abstract:
PURPOSE:A model that identifies radiation-induced genetic instability as the earliest cellular event in the multi-step sequence leading to radiation-induced cancer was previously proposed. In this paper ongoing experiments are discussed which are designed to test this model and its predictions in mouse mammary epithelial cells. RESULTS:Several lines of evidence are presented that appear to support this model: first, the development of delayed mutations in p53 following irradiation in altered growth variants; secondly, the high frequencies for the induction of both instability and transformation following irradiation in mammary epithelial cells; and finally, the demonstration that susceptibility to the induction of cytogenetic instability is a heritable trait that correlates with susceptibility to transformation and radiation-induced mammary cancer. Mice resistant to transformation and mammary cancer development are also resistant to the development of instability after irradiation. In contrast, mice sensitive to transformation and cancer are also sensitive to the development of cytogenetic instability. CONCLUSIONS:Data from this laboratory and from the studies cited above suggest a specific, and perhaps unique, role for radiation-induced instability as a critical early event associated with initiation of the carcinogenic process.
journal_name
Int J Radiat Bioljournal_title
International journal of radiation biologyauthors
Ullrich RL,Ponnaiya Bdoi
10.1080/095530098141023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-12-01 00:00:00pages
747-54issue
6eissn
0955-3002issn
1362-3095journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The chemical instability of DNA under physiological conditions requires that cells have highly developed processes for repairing stochastic single-strand damage. It is proposed here that provided ionizing-radiation-induced single-strand damage does not occur at a rate sufficient to perturb the dynamic steady state bet...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114552421
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Ifosfamide as a chemotherapeutic drug is used for the treatment of different cancer types. The purpose of this study is the preparation of 99mTc-ifosfamide complex to be evaluated as a potential candidate for tumor imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The radiolabeling of ifosfamide with technetium-99m was carried o...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2019.1524945
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial enzyme PvuII, which generates blunt-ended DNA double-strand breaks, and T4 DNA ligase, which seals adjacent DNA fragments in coupling to ATP cleavage, were introduced in mouse C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts using osmolytic shock of pinocytic vesicles. Cells were then assayed for their clonogenic ability. In agree...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114550851
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Adverse effects on human health caused by electromagnetic fields (EMF) associated with the use of mobile phones, particularly among young people, are increasing all the time. The potential deleterious effects of EMF exposure resulting from mobile phones being used in close proximity to the brain require particu...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2016.1206223
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The extreme radiotoxicity of Auger electrons and their exquisite capacity to irradiate specific molecular sites has prompted scientists to extensively investigate their radiobiological effects. Their efforts have been punctuated by quadrennial international symposia that have focused on biophysical aspects of A...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553000802395527
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells use substrates such as glucose and glutamine to provide energy for repair of radiation damage. Glutaminolysis and glycolysis were inhibited by aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) and 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), respectively, to inhibit metabolism of these substrates in order to determine the effect on radiation response of CHO...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530098142419
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calibration of the non-denaturing (pH 9.6) filter elution technique by 125I decays has been used to examine the relationship between X-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) and cellular survival of CHO cells and human fibroblasts. DNA dsb induction varies markedly between the two cell lines, reflecting the differ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009314550411
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the heat sensitivity of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity in a variety of cultured mouse, hamster and human cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eight cell lines, which have been routinely used in our laboratory, were examined. Cells were heated at 44.0 +/- 0.05 degrees C and DNA-PK activi...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000310001596959
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a summary of our understanding to date of the formation of DNA strand breaks induced by highly energetic particle beams (high-LET radiation). We have compared our own recent data on the formation of strand breaks induced in DNA in an aqueous solution with our previous data and those of others avail...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553009014551431
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lethal mutations are induced in mammalian cells mainly, perhaps wholly, within the dose range encompassing the 'shoulder,' and may well be attributable to error-prone Q-repair. ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553008814551961
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Abstract Purpose: Sensitizing cancer cells to irradiation is a major challenge in clinical oncology. We aimed to define the signal transduction pathways involved in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor-induced radiosensitization in various mammalian cancer lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Clonogenic sur...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2014.934927
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA neutral (pH 9.6) filter elution was used to measure radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (dsb) frequencies in eight human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with radiosensitivities (D0) ranging from 1.07 to 2.66 Gy and D values ranging from 1.46 to 4.08 Gy. The elution profiles of unirradiated samples from mo...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114551211
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, it has been demonstrated that two different thermal resistant states found in Chinese hamster cells, one transient, associated with thermotolerance, and the other permanent, associated with the increased expression of the cognate member of the hsp 70 family, are characterized by faster recovery from heat-ind...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009314450751
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:As the most recent epidemiological studies provide no definite conclusions about the effects of 50/60 Hz magnetic fields (MFs) on the incidence of leukaemia in humans, animal models in a well-controlled environment are useful for evaluating the possibility of an association between MFs and leukaemia. The presen...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000050029011
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The relationship between cellular telephone use and excretion of the melatonin metabolite 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (6-OHMS) was evaluated in two populations of male electric utility workers (Study 1, n=149; Study 2, n=77). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Participants collected urine samples and recorded cellular telep...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000210166561
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) were studied in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (EATC) by sedimentation in neutral sucrose gradients at low centrifuge speed. Dsb induction was found to be linear with dose with a frequency of: ndsbmr-1D-1 = (11.7 +/- 2) x 10(-12)Gy-1 for 140 kV X-rays and ndsbmr-1D-1 = (1...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553008814552201
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In a previous study, we found that exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field (MF) could activate stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (P38 MAPK) in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells, and simultaneous exposure to a 'noise' MF of the same intensity inhibited the...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000801998875
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Therapy with low doses of ionising radiation (X-rays) exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Little is known about whether and how low doses of X-ray treatment modulate the inflammatory phenotype of macrophages, especially the secretion of Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Macrophages were differenti...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2012.689464
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate alternative scenarios for the dose-dependent emission of bystander signals by irradiated cells in medium transfer experiments. METHODS:Energy deposition patterns to hypothetical intracellular targets whose hit by radiation initiates the emission of bystander signals have been simulated by Monte ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2011.595874
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To propose an improved version of RADACK, a stochastic simulation of radiolytic attack on DNA, that takes into account the reactivity of each amino acid of a specifically bound protein with hydroxyl radicals. To apply it to the natural lactose operator-repressor complex taking advantage of recently reported str...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/0955300031000137788
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the timing of gamma-irradiation-induced death in relation to cell cycle progression using a panel of mouse lymphoid or myeloid cell lines. Death was found to occur immediately after irradiation ('rapid interphase' death), or after arrest in G2 phase ('delayed interphase' death). In part II of this ser...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009414550261
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Theoretical modelling techniques are often used to simulate the action of ionizing radiations on cells at the nanometre level. Using monoenergetic vacuum-UV (VUV) radiation to irradiate DNA either dry or humidified, the action spectra for the induction of DNA damage by low energy photons and the role of water a...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000050028913
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of mutations to 6-thioguanine resistance (TGr) by gamma-rays at three different dose-rates and molecular changes in the HPRT gene were studied in human lymphoblastoid WIL2-NS cells. Mutant induction showed a curvilinear dose-response for acute irradiation (30 Gy/h). The total mutant frequency was lower after...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530096145201
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare colony-forming and comet assays on fibroblasts and lymphocytes of 32 breast cancer patients irradiated after breast-conserving operations and to correlate the results with acute clinical radiation reactions in the skin. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Skin fibroblasts were isolated and cultivated before radiot...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000210126466
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate thiol-disulphide homeostasis - a novel, easily calculated, readily available, and relatively cheap oxidative stress marker - in radiation workers and compare the results with healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 108 participants were enrolled in the study including 63 hospital workers...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2017.1304668
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between ionizing radiation-induced cell killing and DNA damage measured by the micronucleus and apoptosis assays was determined in three established cell lines (L929, HL-60, and Chang). Irradiation experiments revealed a dose-dependent increase of micronucleated cells until a certain dose was reached....
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009514550371
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The hemorrhagic syndrome is a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with the acute radiation syndrome (ARS). We previously characterized the dose-response relationship for total body irradiation (TBI)-induced ARS in the New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit. Thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and anemia were st...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2020.1820601
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Base damages, sugar damages, and single-strand breaks produced by free radicals are the preponderant lesions produced in DNA by ionizing radiation. These lesions have been individually introduced into substrate, template, and biologically active DNA molecules and enzymatic processing and biological consequences determ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553009414551661
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Genotoxic effects have been considered the gold standard to determine if an environmental factor is a carcinogen, but the currently available data for extremely low frequency time-varying magnetic fields (ELF-MF) remain controversial. As an environmental stimulus, the effect of ELF-MF on cellular DNA may be sub...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2014.887866
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recently, it was found that MK615 possessed an anti-proliferative ability on treated cancer cells as a consequence of triterpenoid compounds. It is well known that radiation affects cellular-mediated immunity in cancer patients who are treated with radiotherapy. Similarly, the ability of triterpenoid compounds ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2010.518202
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00