Abstract:
:The chemical instability of DNA under physiological conditions requires that cells have highly developed processes for repairing stochastic single-strand damage. It is proposed here that provided ionizing-radiation-induced single-strand damage does not occur at a rate sufficient to perturb the dynamic steady state between degradation and repair, it can be regarded as "irrelevant' to biological effect, leaving double-strand damage and DNA-protein crosslinks as "relevant' damage to biological effect. At dose rates of approximately 0.05 Gy/min low-LET radiation the rate of induced single-strand damage equals that of the spontaneous damage, and in this region a transition, with increasing dose-rate, from constant effect to increasing effect, will be expected. This is observed in studies of specific locus mutation by radiation in the male mouse. The application of this biophysical principle governing the influence of radiation dose-rate, to the association observed between paternal preconceptional dose to Sellafield workers and childhood leukaemia in their offspring, shows that the likelihood of a causal relationship is extremely remote.
journal_name
Int J Radiat Bioljournal_title
International journal of radiation biologyauthors
Baverstock KFdoi
10.1080/09553009114552421subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-10-01 00:00:00pages
581-95issue
4eissn
0955-3002issn
1362-3095pii
KEKYE8D5QC0X8KVQjournal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:The impact of the damage distribution to cellular survival and chromosomal aberrations following high Linear Energy Transfer (LET) radiation was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:High LET iron-ions (500 MeV/n, LET 200 keV/μm) were delivered to G1-phase synchronized Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells located a...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2013.767990
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We computed probabilities to have multiple double-strand breaks (DSB), which are produced in DNA on a regional scale, and not in close vicinity, in volumes matching the size of DNA damage foci, of a large chromatin loop, and in the physical volume of DNA containing the HPRT (human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltra...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000802499212
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Biomarkers of ionising radiation exposure are useful in a variety of scenarios, such as medical diagnostic imaging, occupational exposures, and spaceflight. This study investigates to what extent microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures in mouse peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for exposures to radiatio...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2010.549537
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Chironomus ramosus is one of the recently reported radiotolerant insects. Salivary gland cells of fourth instar larvae respond to ionizing radiations with increases in the levels of antioxidant enzymes and chaperone proteins. Here we made an attempt to study the state of nuclear DNA after exposure of larvae to ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2015.1062572
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA neutral (pH 9.6) filter elution was used to measure radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (dsb) frequencies in eight human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with radiosensitivities (D0) ranging from 1.07 to 2.66 Gy and D values ranging from 1.46 to 4.08 Gy. The elution profiles of unirradiated samples from mo...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114551211
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously described a cell-free assay that can be employed to study rejoining of radiation-induced DNA double-stranded breaks (dsb) in 'naked' DNA prepared from agarose-embedded cells using an extract of HeLa cells as a source of enzymes. Rejoining of dsb in this assay is absolutely dependent on cell extract ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530097143987
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosomes are located within the interphase nucleus in regions called domains. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization with whole chromosome paints, a pain of homologous chromosomes can be visualized as two discrete domains and their relative spatial location determined. This study examines the effects of an ionizi...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530097143293
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were chronically exposed to tritiated water (3HHO) and several tritiated organic compounds [( 3H]leucine, [3H]lysine, [3H]glucose, [3H]glucosamine, [3H]thymidine and [3H]uridine) dissolved in their drinking water. An analysis of tritium in wet and dry tissues of rats at the end of 22 days' chronic exposure showed...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114550731
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Gene therapy combined with radiation has shown promising potential for the treatment of tumors. This paper aimed to clarify the synergistic effect of radiotherapy combined with the bladder cancer tissue-specific oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A) on bladder cancer cells and to study the underlying synergy...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2017.1231942
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the influence of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta-neutralizing antibodies on the clonogenic activity and terminal differentiation of rat lung fibroblasts following radiation exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Early passage rat lung fibroblasts were used in this study. Colony formation assays were applied to determi...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530000138501
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To illustrate how probability-generating functions (PGFs) can be employed to derive a simple probabilistic model for clonogenic survival after exposure to ionizing irradiation. METHODS:Both repairable and irreparable radiation damage to DNA were assumed to occur by independent (Poisson) processes, at intensiti...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530000138600
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dose response and repair kinetics of phosphorylated histone H2A isoform X (gamma-H2AX) foci in T-lymphocytes were investigated in the low-dose range after in vitro irradiation of whole blood and T-lymphocytes with 100 kVp X-rays and (60)Co gamma-rays. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Whole blood or isolated T-lymphocytes...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2010.484479
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Survival of HT29 cells was measured after irradiation with single doses of X-rays (0.05-5 Gy) and neutrons (0.025-1.5 Gy), using a Dynamic Microscopic Imaging Processing Scanner (DMIPS) with which individual cells can be accurately located in tissue culture flasks, their positions recorded, and after an appropriate in...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009314450831
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the protective effects of histamine on intestinal damage produced by gamma-radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:56 mice were divided into 4 groups. Histamine and Histamine-10 Gy groups received a daily subcutaneous histamine injection (0.1 mg/kg) starting 20 hours before irradiation and continued until ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000701570238
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Effects of radiation on the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts were studied using cell cultures in which the cells differentiated into either muscle cells or osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A mouse skeletal myoblast cell line, C2C12, was cultured and irradiated at confluence. Muscle differentiation was esti...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530000138745
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recently, it was found that MK615 possessed an anti-proliferative ability on treated cancer cells as a consequence of triterpenoid compounds. It is well known that radiation affects cellular-mediated immunity in cancer patients who are treated with radiotherapy. Similarly, the ability of triterpenoid compounds ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09553002.2010.518202
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to review and summarize the results of 40 years of study concerning the response to ionizing radiation of the pair of L5178Y (LY) sublines, LY-R and LY-S, that differ in sensitivity to various DNA-damaging agents, among them X- and gamma-rays. The reviewed data indicate the key importance of DNA damage rep...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553000500143534
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present work summarises the history and current status of research into the importance of cancer stem cells for radiobiological research and for clinical radiation oncology. An effort is made to differentiate clonogenicity from stemness of cancer cells. CONCLUSION:In radiooncology, cancer stem cells have b...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553000902836404
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In order to understand the molecular mechanism of nucleobase damage caused by ultrasoft X-ray irradiation, guanine radicals have been studied using an X-band EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectrometer installed in a synchrotron soft X-ray beamline. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Guanine pellets were irradiated ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000400017689
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Global warming directly influencing ozone layer depletion, which eventually is increasing ultraviolet radiation penetration having far-reaching impacts on living biota. This particularly influences the primary producer microalgae which are the basic unit of food webs in the aquatic habitats. Therefore, it is...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2021.1851060
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Determinations of cell sensitivity in terms of survival fraction after doses employed in clinical radiation therapy, say 1-3 Gy, are of increasing interest to clinicians as they provide direct experimental data which can be employed without reference to models of cell inactivation. SF2 values are expected ultimately t...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09553008914551971
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether murine lymphoid cell lines can discriminate between high- and low-LET (linear energy transfer) radiation-induced DNA lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Sensitivity to killing by DNA-incorporated 3H and 125I decays, accumulated during storage in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank, was dete...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000110120337
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine how folate status influences chromosomal damage following X-ray irradiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS:In an animal study, mice were fed either a low, basal, or high folic acid diet (0, 2, or 40 mg/kg diet, respectively) for 4 weeks, and then given total body irradiation (TBI) at 0.5 Gy. In a human study...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/09553000600721817
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the important temporal stages of radiation action in cellular systems is the chemical phase, where oxygen fixation reactions compete with chemical repair reactions involving reducing agents such as GSH. Using the gas explosion technique it is possible to follow the kinetics of these fast (greater than 1 ms) rea...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009214551571
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin fibroblasts from ataxia telangiectasia (AT) patients, obligate AT heterozygotes (ATH) and normal individuals were studied for colony-forming ability and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) after gamma-irradiation. AT cells were three to four times more radiosensitive than normal cells at high and low dose-ra...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114552601
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It follows from the present work that the vascularization of the normal tissue present in the treatment volume limits the temperatures achieved during heat treatment of invasive ductal breast carcinoma. The temperatures can often be increased by giving fractionated heat treatment because heat treatment may reduce the ...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009114551821
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infection of simple wounds was studied directly and quantitatively in adult mice given 6.5 Gy 60Co. Three days later, when neutropenia was evident, the skin and the medial gluteus muscle of anaesthetized mice were incised. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae or Stre...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553009014551671
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test whether radiolysis-induced fragmentation in frozen aqueous protein solution is dependent on solvent access to the surface of the protein or to the molecular mass of the polypeptide chain. MATERIALS AND METHODS:60Co gamma-irradiation of three proteins at -78 degrees C: lysozyme, citrate synthase and alp...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/095530000138349
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of biological and physiological mechanisms underlying radiation cataractogenesis. The areas discussed include effects of low-dose exposures to the lens including potential relevance of non-targeted effects, the development of new personal-protecti...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553002.2020.1767820
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Human diseases associated with acute radiation responses are rare genetic disorders with common clinical and biological features including radiosensitivity, genomic instability, chromosomal aberrations, and frequently immunodeficiency. To determine what molecular assays are predictive of cellular radiosensitivi...
journal_title:International journal of radiation biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09553000701797039
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00