The growing family of myosin motors and their role in neurons and sensory cells.

abstract：:Both mammals and birds can flexibly organize their behavior over time. In mammals, the mental operations generating this ability are called executive functions and are associated with the prefrontal cortex. The corresponding structure in birds is the nidopallium caudolaterale. Anatomical, neurochemical, electrophysiol...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Güntürkün O

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Presynaptic nerve terminals release neurotransmitter synchronously, asynchronously or spontaneously. During synchronous neurotransmission release is precisely coupled to action potentials, in contrast, asynchronous release events show only loose temporal coupling to presynaptic activity whereas spontaneous neurotransm...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Chanaday NL,Kavalali ET

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Axon pathfinding is essential for the establishment of proper neuronal connections during development. Advances in neuroimaging and genomic technologies, coupled with animal modeling, are leading to the identification of an increasing number of human disorders that result from aberrant axonal wiring. In this review, w...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nugent AA,Kolpak AL,Engle EC

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibitory molecules in CNS myelin affect axonal regeneration after injury. In the past year, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a well-characterized myelin protein, has been identified as an inhibitor of axonal regeneration. This finding, together with its established ability to promote outgrowth, defines MAG as a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Filbin MT

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroepithelial cells, the progenitors to the CNS neurons and glia, undergo both symmetric and asymmetric divisions. Symmetric divisions underlie the proliferation of neuroepithelial cells that predominates early in CNS development. Asymmetric divisions are thought to generate the cell types derived from neuroepitheli...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Huttner WB,Brand M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteoglycans are ubiquitous cell-surface and secreted glycoproteins that are involved in diverse cellular behaviors. The identities of several nervous system proteoglycans, including many of the major species in the mammalian brain, have recently come to light. In addition, recent studies have given new insights into...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lander AD

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have provided a significant advance in our understanding of motor axon pathfinding. In particular, sources of guidance cues and some of the mechanisms used by motor growth cones during pathfinding have been identified. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Westerfield M

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast synaptic inhibition is largely mediated by GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs), ligand-gated chloride channels that play an essential role in the control of cell and network activity in the brain. Recent work has demonstrated that the delivery, number and stability of GABA(A)Rs at inhibitory synapses play a key role in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Smith KR,Kittler JT

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past year,several model systems have been developed to identify cellular and biochemical events involved in neuronal cell death, to investigate the role of bcl-2 in cell survival, and to characterize the relationship between cell death and the cell cycle. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Pittman RN,Mills JC,DiBenedetto AJ,Hynicka WP,Wang S

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accepting, rejecting or modifying the many different theories of the cerebellum's role in the control of movement requires an understanding of the signals encoded in the discharge of cerebellar neurons and how those signals are transformed by the cerebellar circuitry. Particularly challenging is understanding the sens...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ebner TJ

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythms are a prominent signature of brain activity. Their expression is correlated with numerous examples of healthy information processing and their fluctuations are a marker of disease states. Yet, their causal or epiphenomenal role in brain function is still highly debated. We review recent studies showing brain r...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Jones SR

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many regions of the brain, information is represented by patterns of activity occurring over populations of neurons. Understanding the encoding of information in neural population activity is important both for grasping the fundamental computations underlying brain function, and for interpreting signals that may be...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sanger TD

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabotropic L-glutamate receptors are involved in various forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The use of a new antagonist (LY341495) that blocks all known metabotropic L-glutamate receptors in the brain, together with subtype-selective antagonists, has identified multiple roles both for cloned and novel ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bortolotto ZA,Fitzjohn SM,Collingridge GL

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of the medial temporal lobe to episodic memory has been recognized for decades. Recent human fMRI findings have begun to delineate the functional roles of different MTL regions, most notably the hippocampus, for the retrieval of episodic memories. Importantly, these studies have also identified a networ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rugg MD,Vilberg KL

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+ entry into neurons is one of the major effectors of stimulus-induced physiological change. Ca2+ can enter neurons through a number of different voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels. Depending on the route of entry, Ca2+ stimulates distinct intracellular signaling pathways, which activate different sets of gene...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gallin WJ,Greenberg ME

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeostatic synaptic plasticity remains an enigmatic form of synaptic plasticity. Increasing interest on the topic has fuelled a surge of recent studies that have identified key molecular players and the signaling pathways involved. However, the new findings also highlight our lack of knowledge concerning some of the ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Vitureira N,Letellier M,Goda Y

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A critical review of the role of the cerebellum in motor learning is presented. Specifically, the hypothesis that the climbing fibers that issue from the inferior olive serve to modify the responsiveness of cerebellar Purkinje cells is evaluated. It is concluded that there is no convincing evidence, at this time, to s...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Llinás R,Welsh JP

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological systems use internal circadian clocks to efficiently organize physiological and behavioral activity within the 24-hour time domain. In the absence of time cues, circadian periods vary slightly from 24 hours, but in nature, ambient light serves as the most salient synchronizer for these rhythms, fine-tuning ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Davidson AJ,Menaker M

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective transport of transmembrane proteins to different intracellular compartments often involves the recognition of sorting signals in the cytosolic domains of the proteins by components of membrane coats. Some of these coats have as their key components a family of heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Guardia CM,De Pace R,Mattera R,Bonifacino JS

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last few years, work in the nascent field of neuroeconomics has advanced understanding of the brain systems involved in value-based decision making. An important modulator of valuation processes is the specific context a decision maker is facing during choice. Recently, neuroeconomics has made great progress in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tymula A,Plassmann H

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammals have ∼1000 different olfactory receptor subtypes, each responding to a number of different odorants, and each odorant activating a number of different receptor subtypes. These molecular and anatomical underpinnings of olfaction imply a perceptual structure of very high dimensionality that relies on combinatori...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Secundo L,Snitz K,Sobel N

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the gut system has been revolutionized over the past decade, in particular regarding its role in immune control and psychological regulation. The vagus nerve is a crucial link between gut and brain, transmitting diverse gut-derived signals, and has been implicated in many gastrointestinal, neurolo...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Yu CD,Xu QJ,Chang RB

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual system is tasked with extracting stimulus content (e.g. the identity of an object) from the spatiotemporal light pattern falling on the retina. However, visual information can be ambiguous with regard to content (e.g. an object when viewed from far away), requiring the system to also consider contextual inf...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rust NC,Stocker AA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of local protein synthesis in neuronal dendrites plays a key role in the production of long-term, activity-dependent changes in synapse structure and functional efficacy. Such long-term changes also require regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Recent evidence couples local protein synthesis to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bramham CR

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work has helped reconcile puzzling results from brainstem transection studies first performed over 60 years ago, which suggested the existence of a sleep-promoting system in the medullary brainstem. It was specifically shown that GABAergic neurons located in the medullary brainstem parafacial zone (PZGABA) are ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Anaclet C,Fuller PM

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulus-driven gene expression is a ubiquitous feature of biological systems, allowing cells and organisms to adapt their function in a stimulus-driven manner. Neurons exhibit complex and heterogeneous activity-dependent gene expression, but many of the canonical mechanisms that transduce electrical activity into gen...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Heinz DA,Bloodgood BL

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent approach in social neuroscience has been the application of formal computational models for a particular social-cognitive process to neuroimaging data. Here we review preliminary findings from this nascent subfield, focusing on observational learning and strategic interactions. We present evidence consistent ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Dunne S,O'Doherty JP

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression, conceptualized as major depressive disorder (MDD), is a complex psychiatric disorder with multiple behavioral changes and alterations in various brain regions. Biochemically, serotonin and others substances like GABA, glutamate, norepinephrin, adrenaline/noradrenaline play an essential role in the pathogen...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Northoff G

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PTEN germline mutations are found in a small subset of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and accompanying macrocephaly. In this review, we discuss recent advances that offer insight into the pathogenesis of this subgroup of autism patients. We provide an overview of how disrupting PTEN function in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Zhou J,Parada LF

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of plasticity in the central nervous system is a major and very dynamic neuroscience research field with enormous clinical potential. Considerable advances in this field have been made during the past 10 years. It now appears that most circuits in the brain and spinal cord show plasticity and that they can b...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Schouenborg J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00