Porcine endogenous retroviruses inhibit human immune cell function: risk for xenotransplantation?

abstract：:The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2A (EBNA-2A) has been strongly implicated in the EBV-mediated B-cell transformation process. Since EBNA-2A might exert this function through interaction with proteins of the infected cell, we studied the association of EBNA-2A with cellular proteins. Immunoprecipitation of EBNA-2...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Grässer FA,Sauder C,Haiss P,Hille A,König S,Göttel S,Kremmer E,Leinenbach HP,Zeppezauer M,Mueller-Lantzsch N

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A substantial proportion of HIV-1-infected individuals are intravenous drug users (i.v.DUs) who abuse opiates. Opioids induce a number of immunomodulatory effects that may directly influence HIV-1 disease progression. In the present report, we have investigated the effect of opioids on the expression of the major HIV-...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Steele AD,Henderson EE,Rogers TJ

更新日期：2003-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis by censoring kinetochore-microtubule interactions. It is frequently rendered dysfunctional during carcinogenesis causing chromosome missegregation and genomic instability. There are conflicting reports whether the HPV1...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Yu Y,Munger K

更新日期：2012-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue-2 virus strains from different locations were compared by T1-RNAse-resistant oligonucleotide fingerprinting and antigen signature analysis. The latter technique involved construction of radioimmunoassays using monoclonal antibodies that recognize nine distinct dengue-2 type-specific and flavivirus cross-reactiv...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Monath TP,Wands JR,Hill LJ,Brown NV,Marciniak RA,Wong MA,Gentry MK,Burke DS,Grant JA,Trent DW

更新日期：1986-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes severe diarrhea and high mortality in newborn piglets. It is well established that porcine intestinal epithelium is the target of the TGEV infection, however the mechanism that TGEV invades the host epithelium remains largely unknown. Aminopeptidase N (APN) is a known ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Hu W,Zhang S,Shen Y,Yang Q

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of the portion of naturally occurring defective EBV (HR-1) DNA (designated het DNA) which is responsible for disruption of EBV latency has been determined and compared with the regions of the standard HR-1 viral genome from which it was derived. This rearranged 2.7-kbp DNA fragment represented ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Jenson HB,Miller G

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, especially after stem cell transplantation (SCT). Viral clearance has been attributed to CD4(+) T-cell responses against the Hexon-protein, but the frequency of specific T(HELPER) cells is extremely low or not dete...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Serangeli C,Bicanic O,Scheible MH,Wernet D,Lang P,Rammensee HG,Stevanovic S,Handgretinger R,Feuchtinger T

更新日期：2010-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously, we showed that the transmembrane (M) and surface (S) glycoproteins were recognized by splenic CD4 T lymphocytes harvested from mice infected intraperitoneally with mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM (MHV-JHM), whereas only the S protein was recognized by splenocytes derived from mice with MHV-induced chroni...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Xue S,Perlman S

更新日期：1997-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Analyses of reassortant and parental strains of BTV serotypes 3 and 10, in serum neutralization tests, confirmed the major role of outer capsid protein VP2 in determination of virus serotype and its involvement in serum neutralization. However, a reassortant BTV strain (R70), containing protein VP5 derived from BTV 3 ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Mertens PP,Pedley S,Cowley J,Burroughs JN,Corteyn AH,Jeggo MH,Jennings DM,Gorman BM

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) uses a specialised translation mechanism to bypass the long leader sequence of the 35S RNA. The effect of the CaMV 35S RNA leader sequence on the expression of a downstream beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene was studied in transgenic tobacco plants. Enzymatic GUS assays of these tra...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Schärer-Hernández N,Hohn T

更新日期：1998-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The details of intracellular transport pathways for glycosylated proteins remain incompletely described. We previously described a mutant Rous sarcoma virus envelope glycoprotein (gp), mu 26, with an altered membrane-spanning domain that was targeted to lysosomes after traversing the trans-Golgi. This mutant protein w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Johnston PB,Dong JY,Hunter E

更新日期：1995-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequences of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of simian retroviruses (STLV), which are closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) were found to be of at least two subgroups: an Asian subtype in macaques and an African subtype in African green monkeys and chimpanzee. The nucleotide sequ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Watanabe T,Seiki M,Hirayama Y,Yoshida M

更新日期：1986-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The repetitive DNA sequences of the genome of Molluscum contagiosum virus type 1 (MCV-1) have been localized within the terminal regions of the viral genome corresponding to the BamHI MCV-1 DNA fragments B (18 kbp; 0 to 0.095 map units (m.u.)) and E (10.5 kbp; 0.944 to 1 m.u.). The fine mapping of these particular reg...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Bugert JJ,Raab K,Rösen-Wolff A,Janssen W,Darai G

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of adherent cell monolayers using a liquid inoculum represents an established method to reliably and quantitatively study virus infection, but poorly recapitulates the exposure and infection of cells in the respiratory tract that occurs during infection with aerosolized pathogens. To better simulate natural ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Creager HM,Zeng H,Pulit-Penaloza JA,Maines TR,Tumpey TM,Belser JA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ovine pulmonary carcinoma is a contagious neoplastic disease of sheep which can be transmitted experimentally with cell-free filtrate. Products homologous to structural proteins of type D and type B retroviruses are expressed in the tumors, but an infectious retrovirus has yet to be isolated. Retroviral RNA was isolat...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Hecht SJ,Carlson JO,DeMartin JC

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because phosphorylation of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) nucleocapsid protein (N) may regulate its multiple roles in viral replication, the dynamics of N phosphorylation were examined. 32P-orthophosphate labeling and Western blot analyses confirmed that N was the only viral protein that was phosphorylated. Pul...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Jayaram J,Youn S,Collisson EW

更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the in vitro fidelity of wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and the prototype foamy virus (PFV) RT. Both enzymes had similar error rates for single nucleotide substitutions; however, PFV RT did not appear to make errors at specific hotspots, like HIV-1 RT. In a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Boyer PL,Stenbak CR,Hoberman D,Linial ML,Hughes SH

更新日期：2007-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Rice dwarf virus (RDV) spreads, along actin-based filopodia, as one of the ways of its transport, from infected to non-infected cells of its vector insect via tubules that are composed of the viral nonstructural protein Pns10 and contain viral particles. An inhibitor that perturbs the endomembrane system, namely, bref...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Wei T,Shimizu T,Omura T

更新日期：2008-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) strategies utilizing anti-retroviral drugs show considerable promise for HIV prevention. However there is insufficient pharmacokinetic (PK) data on drug concentrations required for protection at the relevant mucosal tissues where the infection is initiated. Here we evaluated the utility...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Veselinovic M,Yang KH,LeCureux J,Sykes C,Remling-Mulder L,Kashuba ADM,Akkina R

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied experimental canine oral papillomavirus (COPV) infection by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of weekly biopsies. After 4 weeks, viral DNA in rete ridges suggested a keratinocyte stem cell target. Abundant viral DNA was seen in E4-positive cells only. E4 was predominantly cytoplasmic but also n...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Nicholls PK,Doorbar J,Moore RA,Peh W,Anderson DM,Stanley MA

更新日期：2001-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasome activation is gaining recognition as an important mechanism for protection during viral infection. Here, we investigate whether Rift Valley fever virus, a negative-strand RNA virus, can induce inflammasome responses and IL-1β processing in immune cells. We have determined that RVFV induces NLRP3 inflammas...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Ermler ME,Traylor Z,Patel K,Schattgen SA,Vanaja SK,Fitzgerald KA,Hise AG

更新日期：2014-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to oncogenic insults, normal human cells execute a defense response that culminates in cellular suicide, apoptosis. Normal human diploid fibroblasts expressing the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E7 oncoprotein are predisposed to apoptosis when they are deprived of growth factors. Even though a domin...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Eichten A,Rud DS,Grace M,Piboonniyom SO,Zacny V,Münger K

更新日期：2004-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:BS-1, a stroma cell line derived from normal human bone marrow, can support the growth of murine erythroid (BFU-E), granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), and megakaryocyte (CFU-Meg) progenitor cells in a short-term in vitro coculture system. Exposure of BS-1 cell to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prior to coculture...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Steinberg HN,Anderson J,Crumpacker CS,Chatis PA

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) typically consists of two related protein species. The small HDAg (S-HDAg) is a 24-kDa protein of 195 amino acids and the large HDAg (L-HDAg) is a 27-kDa protein with an additional 19 amino acids at its C-terminus. These two proteins have distinct functions...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Sheu GT,Lai MM

更新日期：2000-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Intact clones containing partial repeats of the genomic components of African cassava mosaic (ACMV DNAs A and B) are infectious when mechanically coinoculated onto Nicotiana benthamiana. Monomeric genomic components may be generated either by homologous recombination or, when two copies of the origin of replication (o...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Stanley J

更新日期：1995-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We cloned the complete complementary DNA of an isolate of the hepatitis C virus, HCV-S1, into a tetracycline-inducible expression vector and stably transfected it into two human hepatoma cell lines, Huh7 and HepG2. Twenty-six Huh7 and two HepG2-positive clones were obtained after preliminary screening. Two Huh7 (SH-7 ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Lim SP,Soo HM,Tan YH,Brenner S,Horstmann H,MacKenzie JM,Ng ML,Lim SG,Hong Wj

更新日期：2002-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Foot-and-mouth disease virus protease 3C is essential for the processing of the viral precursor polyprotein. It is shown here to also inhibit gene expression in baby hamster kidney cells after transient expression from transfected cDNA fragments. Protease 3C could not be detected by indirect immunofluorescence in cont...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Tesar M,Marquardt O

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geminiviruses are small, ssDNA-containing plant viruses. Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) and tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) have bipartite genomes, the components of which are designated A and B. Although they are closely related, BGMV and TGMV nevertheless exhibit distinct host-specific phenotypes, with BGMV being...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Gillette WK,Meade TJ,Jeffrey JL,Petty IT

更新日期：1998-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Condylomata acuminata is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). PCR with consensus primers will typically detect HPV in >96% of condylomata. Metagenomic sequencing has found that some "HPV-negative" condylomata do indeed contain HPV. We wished to perform a renewed evaluation of the "HPV-negative" condylomata using deep...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Arroyo Mühr LS,Bzhalava D,Lagheden C,Eklund C,Johansson H,Forslund O,Dillner J,Hultin E

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coat protein (CP) genes of all the strains of potato virus X (PVX) code for a protein of 25 kDa. Analysis of the CP by SDS-PAGE shows a migration mobility of 27 to 29 kDa, depending of the strain. Amino acid identity between some strains is too high to explain such abnormal migration by differences in primary stru...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Tozzini AC,Ek B,Palva ET,Hopp HE

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00