Abstract:
:Cryptosporidia are important protozoan parasites of vertebrates, and a number of species and genotypes, with different host ranges, have been described. In this study a protocol was established for the detection and the genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from various types of surface waters (rivers, creeks, lakes, sewage plant in- and outlets and swimming pools) from the area between Zurich (Switzerland) and Munich (Germany). Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated by continuous-flow-centrifugation and immunomagnetic separation (IMS). A novel nested PCR combined with direct sequencing of the amplicon which spans a variable region of the 18S rRNA allowed characterization of species and genotypes. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 23 of the 68 water samples investigated. Almost half of these isolates represent species and genotypes known to be pathogenic to man, namely C. parvum 'bovine genotype' (from 6 samples) and C. parvum 'human genotype' (4). Furthermore, we identified C. muris 'genotype A' (3), C. muris 'genotype B' (6), C. baileyi (1) as well as 3 novel Cryptosporidium genotypes. Our results confirm the ubiquitous presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in surface waters. The detection of a variety of species and genotypes stresses the importance that molecular characterization is indispensable before drawing conclusions of medical or epidemiological significance.
journal_name
Parasitologyjournal_title
Parasitologyauthors
Ward PI,Deplazes P,Regli W,Rinder H,Mathis Adoi
10.1017/s0031182001001317subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-04-01 00:00:00pages
359-68issue
Pt 4eissn
0031-1820issn
1469-8161journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PARASITOLOGY文献大全abstract::We investigated the segregation of an intracellular microsporidian parasite during host cell division. A time-course experiment was carried out to examine the distribution of parasites relative to host chromosomal DNA via light and electron microscopy. Fluorescent light microscopy and EM studies showed that the parasi...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182098003540
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Anaplasma species are important globally distributed tick-transmitted bacteria of veterinary and public health importance. These pathogens, cause anaplasmosis in domestic and wild animal species including humans. Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Dermacentor and Amblyomma genera of ticks are the important vectors of Anaplasm...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0031182016000238
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have determined the molar content of guanine + cytosine (GC content) of DNA of the filarial nematode (Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi and Dirofilaria imitis) and of the free-living soil nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and have analysed the DNA for the presence of methylcytosine. Two independent methods, thermal dena...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000066750
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an anion that has been previously shown to block the moulting process of Ascaris suum larvae. This study describes moulting and development-specific protein expression profiles of A. suum lung-stage L3 (AsLL3) following NaF exposure. AsLL3s cultured in the presence or absence of NaF were prepa...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182006000576
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrastructural investigations (SEM, TEM) combined with lectin-binding analysis, have revealed concurrent modifications in tegumentary structure and surface glycoconjugates during the establishment and differentiation of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes in jirds. The laminated layer, which is amorphous and ric...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003118200006087x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many marine fisheries in South American Atlantic coasts (SAAC) are threatened by overfishing and under serious risk of collapsing. The SAAC comprises a diversity of environments, possesses a complex oceanography and harbours a vast biodiversity that provide an enormous potential for using parasites as biological tags ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0031182013002138
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni were incubated in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, 10% human portal venous or 10% human peripheral venous sera in the presence of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in order to measure differences in cell proliferation. The rates of cell proliferation as expressed by BrdU la...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182098003096
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Why do parasites kill their hosts? During this past decade, research in three different areas; evolutionary ecology, medical microbiology, and population genetics has provided theory and data that address this and related questions of selection and the evolution and maintenance of parasite virulence. A general theory ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0031182000073054
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of the trypanocide isometamidium chloride (Samorin, RMB Animal Health Ltd., UK) by a range of clones of Trypanosoma congolense with varying sensitivity to the drug, was measured by methods based on the fluorescence of isometamidium. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed a reduction in drug...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000059527
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intact, viable adults, infective and newborn larvae of Trichinella pseudospiralis were surface labelled with 125I by the chloramine T method and labelled proteins were compared with those obtained from equivalent stages of T. spiralis. Electron-microscope autoradiography determined that labelled proteins were restrict...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003118200004991x
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::American trypanosamiasis occurs in nature as a sylvatic cycle, where Trypanosoma cruzi interacts with wild triatomines and mammalian reservoirs, such as marsupials, rodents, armadillos and other animals. Due to difficulties in trying to isolate T. cruzi stocks from the sylvatic cycle, very few studies have been perfor...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182098003709
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight major reviews are cited to indicate a recent knowledge explosion on the use of marine parasites as potential indicators of pollution. A literature update is given for the period 1995-2001. An analysis of the publications cited is used to provide 10 refined criteria for selecting parasites as indicator/monitor sp...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0031182003003640
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population genetics of multi-host pathogens offers great potential for the understanding of their complex epidemiology but care must be taken to ensure that the sampling procedure does not bias estimates of population indices. The transfer of material to laboratory passage, in particular, runs the risk of bottleneckin...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182005008413
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the low informative value of available morphological characters, cytogenetic and molecular methods, based on rDNA sequencing, were used to characterize adult and larval stages of Phyllodistomum spp. Species studied have 18 chromosomes with comparable absolute and relative lengths. Conventional Giemsa staining a...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182004006109
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new model for the study of granuloma formation in the liver is described. Rats received an injection of 20,000 Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the portal vein and granuloma formation was evaluated at 3, 5 and 7 weeks post-injection. Liver collagen was estimated at the same time and serum procollagen III peptide, a marke...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000060339
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 30-h in vitro susceptibility test of Plasmodium falciparum wild isolates to artemisinin, chloroquine, sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and mefloquine was performed in Kibaha, Tanzania. A sigmoid Emax model was fitted to all data for each isolate and drug combination. Artemisinin and mefloquine exhibited 100% growth inhibit...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned a cDNA encoding a novel antigen from a Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari) cDNA library by immunoscreening with sera from S. scabiei-infected dogs. The antigen is encoded by a 2,157 bp mRNA with a predicted open reading frame of 719 amino acids (molecular weight 79 kDa). Our sequence analysis identified the prese...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182005008747
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neospora caninum infection is a significant cause of abortion in cattle. We investigated the tissue distribution of N. caninum in aborted bovine fetuses and dam blood samples by a nested PCR assay, and compared the nested PCR with ELISA in the diagnosis of N. caninum infection. In total, 26 aborted fetuses and 813 blo...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182009990813
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison has been made of the interactions between passively transferred and actively acquired immunity in regulating populations of Taenia hydatigena and T. ovis. When ewes were grazed prior to parturition under a high infection pressure, immunity was transferred to their offspring for up to 8 weeks. A qualitativ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000079853
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feulgen-pararosaniline (SO2) staining was performed on stages in the life-cycle of Isospora (Toxoplasma) gondii, Eimeria tenella, Sarcocystis cruzi and Plasmodium berghei. The fluorescence emission of the stained DNA in nuclei of these stages was examined and compared with absorption microscopy measurements at 560 nm ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000054305
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::n order to investigate the dynamics of Septin4 (Sept4) expression and its function in the formation of fibrotic livers in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum, we constructed the mouse model of S. japonicum egg-induced liver fibrosis for 24 weeks. Immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182011000667
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to melanoma cells was analysed using strains or isolates of parasites expressing or not expressing knobs (K+ or K- phenotype) on the erythrocyte surface. Both K+ and K- parasites had the capacity to cytoadhere to melanoma cells. Using a panel of melanoma cel...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003118200006426x
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a population of copepods (Cyclops strenuus abyssorum), with a naturally high prevalence of infection with procercoids of Diphyllobothrium spp., no difference in body size was found between infected and uninfected hosts. However, a significant reduction in the reproductive capacity of infected females was observed, ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000064738
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Receptors interacting with terminal sugars as ligands are involved in the binding of Leishmania donovani promastigotes to the macrophage surface and their subsequent internalization. Mannose and glucose are specifically involved in the binding process. Decreased binding occurs to macrophages already infected with L. d...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000076253
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of authors have demonstrated that the schistosomicidal compound, Praziquantel (Pzq), depends for its action upon the immune status of the host (Sabah et al. 1985; Brindley & Sher, 1987; Doenhoff et al. 1987). We have attempted to define the synergistic interaction between immuno- and chemotherapy further, usi...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000059497
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distribution of Leptorhynchoides thecatus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) among the pyloric caeca and the relationship between site and rate of maturation were studied in laboratory infections of 10, 25 and 40 cystacanths fed to green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus. After 1 week fish fed at each intensity had signific...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000061539
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The statistical aggregation of parasites among hosts is often described empirically by the negative binomial (Poisson-gamma) distribution. Alternatively, the Poisson-lognormal model can be used. This has the advantage that it can be fitted as a generalized linear mixed model, thereby quantifying the sources of aggrega...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182001007740
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most, if not all, organisms face attack by natural enemies and will be selected to evolve some form of defence. Resistance may have costs as well as its obvious benefits. These costs may be associated with actual defence or with the maintenance of the defensive machinery irrespective of whether a challenge occurs. In ...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0031182002001750
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A collection of stocks of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolated in Kenya have been examined for electrophoretic variation in 20 enzymes. The results obtained have been analysed in order to determine whether these trypanosomes are diploid and undergo mating and to determine the genetic distance between T. b. rhodesie...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0031182000049040
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, a recombinant aminopeptidase P (rTgAPP) from Toxoplasma gondii was expressed in Escherichia coli to evaluate its enzyme parameters. The rTgAPP showed strong activity against a synthetic substrate for aminopeptidase P at pH 8·0 with a K m value of 0·255 µ m and a k cat value of 35·6 s-1. The overa...
journal_title:Parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0031182016000986
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00