Abstract：
:Human evolution is characterized by a dramatic increase in brain size and complexity. To probe its genetic basis, we examined the evolution of genes involved in diverse aspects of nervous system biology. We found that these genes display significantly higher rates of protein evolution in primates than in rodents. Importantly, this trend is most pronounced for the subset of genes implicated in nervous system development. Moreover, within primates, the acceleration of protein evolution is most prominent in the lineage leading from ancestral primates to humans. Thus, the remarkable phenotypic evolution of the human nervous system has a salient molecular correlate, i.e., accelerated evolution of the underlying genes, particularly those linked to nervous system development. In addition to uncovering broad evolutionary trends, our study also identified many candidate genes--most of which are implicated in regulating brain size and behavior--that might have played important roles in the evolution of the human brain.
journal_name
Celljournal_title
Cellauthors
Dorus S,Vallender EJ,Evans PD,Anderson JR,Gilbert SL,Mahowald M,Wyckoff GJ,Malcom CM,Lahn BTdoi
10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.040subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-29 00:00:00pages
1027-40issue
7eissn
0092-8674issn
1097-4172pii
S0092867404011432journal_volume
119pub_type
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