Abstract：
:Although microorganisms have long been known as producers of edible oils, opportunities for their biotechnological exploitation are limited to the highest-value commodities. A recent attempt to develop a yeast oil cocoa-butter equivalent has not succeeded, not because of the inability to produce the correct formulation of fatty acids, but because of the falling price of cocoa butter on the world market. Better prospects appear to exist for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of both the n-6 and n-3 series, using either bacteria, fungi or algae. Many microbial PUFA-oils are characterized by the absence of other PUFAs, making purification of individual fatty acids an easier task than it is from other sources. Certain microorganisms may also produce prostaglandin precursors, or even prostaglandins themselves, as well as cerebroside lipids and other unusual lipids that are not normally regarded as being of microbial origin.
journal_name
Trends Biotechnoljournal_title
Trends in biotechnologyauthors
Ratledge Cdoi
10.1016/0167-7799(93)90015-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-07-01 00:00:00pages
278-84issue
7eissn
0167-7799issn
1879-3096pii
0167-7799(93)90015-2journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Tremendous advances in our understanding of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) have been made through the use of animal models. However, there are limitations inherent in many of the current models that use either nonhuman primates, or viruses other than HIV-1. Researchers continue to search for improved models...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(00)88925-8
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A key aspect of the genomics revolution is the transformation of large amounts of biological information into an electronic format, leading to an information-based approach to biomedical problems. Large-scale RNA assays and gene-expression-microarray studies, in particular, represent the second wave of the genomics re...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01359-1
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a need for techniques that ensure antibiotic removal in anaerobic digesters for robust methane production. In this article, we discuss recent strategies for enhanced antibiotic removal from swine wastewater and offer insights on anaerobic digestion (AD) process design for improved antibiotic removal. ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.002
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic organic compounds (xenobiotics) pose serious environmental and health risks worldwide. Biological treatment of these materials is severely constrained by their toxic and inhibitory nature and great care is required with respect to the rate at which they are provided to cells. The use of a second, distinct, organ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01789-9
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the wealth of research on stem-cell biology and therapy, there have been few advances in the ex vivo expansion of adult stem cells. Fetal bovine serum, which can elicit an immune reaction in hosts receiving cellular products, remains essential to the culture methods. Recent work by Prockop et al. suggests that...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.05.006
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein engineers traditionally rely on amino acid substitutions to alter the functional properties of biomacromolecules, yet have largely overlooked the potential benefits of reorganizing the polypeptide chain of a protein by circular permutation (CP). By connecting the native protein termini via a covalent linker an...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.10.004
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many organisms have the ability to form spores, a remarkable phase in their life cycles. Compared with vegetative cells, spores have several advantages (e.g. resistance to toxic compounds, temperature, desiccation and radiation) making them well suited to various applications. The applications of spores that first spr...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00170-7
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lantibiotics are a unique class of bacterium-derived peptide antibiotics, all of which contain the rare amino acid lanthionine, as well as a number of other nonprotein amino acids. Unlike most other peptide antibiotics, lantibiotics are produced on the ribosome as a prepeptide, and a series of post-translational m...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(00)88962-3
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Study of mutations that improve enzyme properties reveals that in many, but not all, cases closer mutations are more effective than distant ones. For enantioselectivity, substrate selectivity and new catalytic activity (catalytic promiscuity) closer mutations improved enzymes more effectively than distant ones. Howeve...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.03.005
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although there is still some skepticism in the biological community regarding the value and significance of quantitative computational modeling, important steps are continually being taken to enhance its accessibility and predictive power. We view these developments as essential components of an emerging 'respectful m...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.12.008
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Europe the commercialization of food derived from genetically modified plants has been slow because of the complex regulatory process and the concerns of consumers. Risk assessment is focused on potential adverse effects on humans and the environment, which could result from unintended effects of genetic modificati...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.01.009
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) account for 25% of global biotechnology patents. To understand the current and future landscape of the domain, it is important to better understand the capacity of these contributors. Here, we consider the thematic priorities, strategies, and key players...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.11.008
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hand-held gene gun provides a rapid and efficient method of incorporating fluorescent dyes into cells, a technique that is becoming known as diolistics. Transporting fluorescent dyes into cells has, in the past, used predominantly injection or chemical methods. The use of the gene gun, combined with the new genera...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.014
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Graphene is the basic building block of 0D fullerene, 1D carbon nanotubes, and 3D graphite. Graphene has a unique planar structure, as well as novel electronic properties, which have attracted great interests from scientists. This review selectively analyzes current advances in the field of graphene bioapplications. I...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.01.008
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Life science in the 21st century is developing rapidly through the structural analysis of biomolecules, the completion of the human genome sequence and the analysis of transcriptomes. The mouse transcriptome has been comprehensively analyzed using a gene discovery approach to collect full-length cDNA (FL-cDNA) clones....
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.02.003
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Musculoskeletal diseases are increasing the prevalence of physical disability worldwide. Within the body, musculoskeletal soft and hard tissues integrate through specific multitissue transitions, allowing for body movements. Owing to their unique compositional and structural gradients, injuries challenge the native in...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.06.003
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many aims associated with the optimization of fermentation processes. Optimization is expected to increase the yield of the final product but the process must be compliant with good manufacturing practices, the available equipment and the expected final scale of operation. Dealing with genetically modified m...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(02)01913-3
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of implantable immunoisolation devices, in which the tissue is protected from immune rejection by enclosure within a semipermeable membrane or encapsulant, is one approach in the development of cell therapies. However, further research is required in the areas of: tissue supply from primary or cell-culture sou...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(96)10021-4
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the recognized potential of viral vectors for gene therapy, growing biological concerns are prompting the exploration of safer, non-viral vectors to deliver therapeutic nucleic acids. In this context, recombinant proteins can be bioproduced on a large scale, without the need for further in vitro modifications,...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.05.004
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Feedstocks that deserve serious consideration for fuels and chemicals are sugarcane, corn, trees and algae. Commercialization of biomass refining is imminent but the wild claims of those who think that bioenergy can replace much of our dependence on foreign oil are appalling. It is naive to view biomass as the panacea...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2003.12.002
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrous oxide (N(2)O), the third most abundant greenhouse gas (GHG), is highly stable and plays a significant role in stratospheric ozone destruction. The primary anthropogenic source of N(2)O stems from use of nitrogen fertilizers in soil. The bacterial enzyme nitrous oxide reductase (N(2)OR), naturally found in some...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.04.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Europe, in light of ethical, political and commercial pressure, every effort should be made to replace animals with alternatives (e.g. in vitro models), to reduce the number of animals used in experiments to a minimum and to refine current testing strategies in a way that ensures animals undergo minimum pain and di...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.06.003
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biosensor technology can offer the livestock industry new types of monitoring and measuring devices of which the specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, speed and ease of use exceed the current technology. Biosensors can be applied to the detection and identification of infectious diseases in livestock, contaminant...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01841-8
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porous microcarriers are new support materials with important advantages in both industrial cell-culture processes and the culture of cells of medical importance. Porous microcarriers are now commercially available with internal architecture and surface chemistry suitable for culture of both anchorage-dependent and an...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(90)90154-p
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endothelium lining blood vessels expresses molecules that are restricted in their expression to a particular tissue or organ. These molecules are attractive targets for therapy and diagnosis because they allow agents to be delivered specifically to the blood vessels supplying the desired tissue. However, it is dif...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00079-9
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Along with the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology tools, various microbes are being used to produce aromatic chemicals. In microbes, aromatics are mainly produced via a common important precursor, chorismate, in the shikimate pathway. Natural or non-natural aromatics have been produced by engin...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.05.006
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrophobic charge induction chromatography using 4-mercapto-ethyl-pyridine as the ligand is an effective method for the separation of antibodies from a variety of feedstocks. Antibodies are adsorbed in physiological conditions without preliminary concentration. Desorption occurs when the pH is lowered, thus inducing ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(02)01980-7
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent innovations in the materials used for bioprinting have enabled transformative gains in the resolution and architecture of 3D-printed engineered tissues. We focus here on one of these innovations, reported by Lee et al., which lowers the resolution limit for printing soft biomaterials. ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.09.003
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology and its application to regulatory T cells (Tregs) has garnered interest among researchers in the field of cell and gene therapy. Merging the benefits of CAR technology with Tregs offers a novel and promising therapeutic option for durable reshaping of undesired immune respons...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.009
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2006, the group of Dr C.M. Lieber pioneered the field of nanowire sensors by fabricating devices for the ultra-sensitive label-free detection of biological macromolecules. Since then, nanowire sensors have demonstrated their ability to detect cancer-associated analytes in peripheral blood, tumor tissue, and the exh...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.07.014
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
