Abstract:
:The blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast has been commonly used to detect fMRI signal. The majority of the BOLD signals are believed to arise from the venous and capillary networks. However, only those from the capillaries are spatially close to the neuronal activities, while the signals from large veins could be distant, rendering the overall localization inaccurate. In recent years, an alternative contrast using arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion imaging techniques has been proposed for predominant capillary sensitivity. Such acquisition methods, however, are intrinsically limited in temporal resolution and spatial coverage. Another contrast mechanism, free of such constraints, is based on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes during brain activation using isotropic diffusion weighting. It has been shown that these changes are synchronized with brain activation and that they, as a whole, temporally precede BOLD activation, suggesting significant upstream arterial contribution. Moreover, the spatial overlaps between the upstream ADC and downstream BOLD activations are shown to be more localized in the capillaries, which are the temporal and spatial middle ground. In this paper, we sought to further investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of ADC contrast with additional arterial signal suppression. Also, a pixel-based evaluation was performed in conjunction with the averaged global assessment. It was found that in addition to the known spatial discrepancy and global timing advance compared to the BOLD signal, the ADC activation endured significant temporal heterogeneities. Such fine spatial and temporal assessment could help characterize the exact signal sources of ADC contrast, and ultimately achieve exclusive capillary sensitivity.
journal_name
J Neural Engjournal_title
Journal of neural engineeringauthors
Song AW,Gangstead SLdoi
10.1088/1741-2560/1/1/005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
32-8issue
1eissn
1741-2560issn
1741-2552pii
S1741-2560(04)74398-0journal_volume
1pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:We presented a comparative study on the training methodologies of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the detection of steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP). Two training scenarios were also compared: user-independent (UI) training and user-dependent (UD) training. APPROACH:The CNN was trained...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab6a67
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Research by Oby et al (2016) demonstrated that the optimal threshold for extracting information from visual and motor cortices may differ from the optimal threshold for identifying single neurons via spike sorting methods. The optimal threshold for extracting information from auditory cortex has yet to be ide...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab7c19
更新日期:2020-03-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Assessing an infant's brain development remains a challenge for neuroscientists and pediatricians despite great technological advances. As a non-invasive neuroimaging tool, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has great advantages in monitoring an infant's brain activity. To explore the dynamic featu...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aae0c9
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper is to use recent advances in the clinical understanding of the temporal evolution of seizure burden in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to improve the performance of automated detection algorithms. Probabilistic weights are designed from temporal locations of neonatal seizure events ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/9/4/046002
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A signal-based metric for assessment of accuracy of motor unit (MU) identification from high-density surface electromyograms (EMG) is introduced. This metric, so-called pulse-to-noise-ratio (PNR), is computationally efficient, does not require any additional experimental costs and can be applied to every MU t...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/11/1/016008
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extraction of distinctly separable features from electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the main challenges in designing a brain-computer interface (BCI). Existing feature extraction techniques for a BCI are mostly developed based on traditional signal processing techniques assuming that the signal is Gaussian and h...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/2/025014
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as an effective treatment for movement disorders; however, the fundamental mechanisms by which DBS works are not well understood. Computational models of DBS can provide insights into these fundamental mechanisms and typically require two steps: calculation of the electrical po...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/7/6/066009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesize that a visual prosthesis capable of evoking high-resolution visual perceptions can be produced using high-electrode-count arrays of penetrating microelectrodes implanted into the primary visual cortex of a blind human subject. To explore this hypothesis, and as a prelude to human psychophysical experime...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035001
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improving cortical prostheses requires the development of recording neural interfaces that are efficient in terms of providing maximal control information with minimal interface complexity. While the typical approaches have targeted neurons in the motor cortex with multiple penetrating shanks, an alternative approach ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/6/2/026004
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study is to characterize the phenomenon of evoked tactile sensation (ETS) on the stump skin of forearm amputees using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). APPROACH:We identified the projected finger map (PFM) of ETS on the stump skin in 11 forearm amputees, and compared percep...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/12/6/066002
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Among electrophysiological signals, local field potentials (LFPs) are extensively used to study brain activity, either in vivo or in vitro. LFPs are recorded with extracellular electrodes implanted in brain tissue. They reflect intermingled excitatory and inhibitory processes in neuronal assemblies. In cortic...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aafbfb
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Dry electrodes have an advantage over gel-based 'wet' electrodes by providing quicker set-up time for electroencephalography recording; however, the potentially poorer contact can result in noisier recordings. We examine the impact that this may have on brain-computer interface communication and potential app...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/13/6/066018
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The fact that all human action is preceded by brain processes partially observable through neuroimaging devices such as electroencephalography (EEG) is currently being explored in a number of applications. A recent study by Haufe et al (2011 J. Neural Eng. 8 056001) demonstrates the possibility of performing ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/11/5/056011
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology aims to provide individuals with paralysis a means to restore function. Electrocorticography (ECoG) uses disc electrodes placed on either the surface of the dura or the cortex to record field potential activity. ECoG has been proposed as a viable neural recording moda...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aa9bfb
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A visual stimulator plays a vital part in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). The properties of visual stimulation, such as frequency, color, and waveform, will influence SSVEP-based BCI performance to some extent. Recently, the computer monitor serves as a ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab2b7d
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::To properly observe induced connectivity changes after training sessions, one needs a network model that describes individual relationships in sufficient detail to enable observation of induced changes and yet reveals some kind of stability in these relationships. We analyzed spontaneous firing activity in dissociated...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/4/2/006
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Currently commercially available nerve conduits have demonstrated suboptimal clinical efficacy in repairing peripheral nerve defects. Although tissue-engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) with sustained release of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are experimentally proved to be more effective than these blank conduits, ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab17a0
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Many physical models of biological processes including neural systems are characterized by parametric nonlinear dynamical relations between driving inputs, internal states, and measured outputs of the process. Fitting such models using experimental data (data assimilation) is a challenging task since the phys...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aac3f7
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modern multi-channel cochlear implant is widely considered to be the most successful neural prosthesis owing to its ability to restore partial hearing to post-lingually deafened adults and to allow essentially normal language development in pre-lingually deafened children. However, the implant performance varies g...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046029
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this work is to develop and test a photovoltaic retinal prosthesis for restoring sight to patients blinded by degenerative retinal diseases. A silicon photodiode array for subretinal stimulation has been fabricated by a silicon-integrated-circuit/MEMS process. Each pixel in the two-dimensional array c...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/9/4/046014
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Studies have shown that low frequency components of brain recordings provide information on voluntary hand movement directions. However, non-invasive techniques face more challenges compared to invasive techniques. APPROACH:This study presents a novel signal processing technique to extract features from non-...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/10/5/056018
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The advancement of surface electromyogram (sEMG) recording and signal processing techniques has allowed us to characterize the recruitment properties of a substantial population of motor units (MUs) non-invasively. Here we seek to determine whether MU recruitment properties are modified in paretic muscles of ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/12/6/066001
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Filter bank canonical correlation analysis (FBCCA) is a widely-used classification approach implemented in steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, conventional detection algorithms for SSVEP recognition problems, including the FBCCA, were usually based on ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab914e
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recording of neural signals from intact peripheral nerves in patients with spinal cord injury or stroke survivors offers the possibility for the development of closed-loop sensorimotor prostheses. Nerve cuffs have been found to provide stable recordings from peripheral nerves for prolonged periods of time. Ho...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aabca0
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to compare the use of muscles appropriate for partial-hand prostheses with those typically used for complete hand devices and to determine whether differences in their underlying neural substrates translate to different levels of myoelectric control. APPROACH:We developed a no...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aacbfe
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Given current clinical interest in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), there are surprisingly few studies characterizing the anatomy of the vagus nerve in large animal models as it pertains to on-and off-target engagement of local fibers. We sought to address this gap by evaluating vagal anatomy in the pig, whose ...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab7ad4
更新日期:2020-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Spastic hypertonus (muscle over-activity due to exaggerated stretch reflexes) often develops in people with stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Lesioning of nerves, e.g. with phenol or botulinum toxin is widely performed to reduce spastic hypertonus. We have explored the use of direct el...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/1/016005
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We have recently developed a prototype of a novel human-computer interface for assistive communication based on voluntary shifts of attention (gaze) from a far target to a near target associated with a decrease of pupil size (Pupillary Accommodative Response, PAR), an automatic vegetative response that can be...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab8e8f
更新日期:2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we propose a dual stream neural network (DSNN) for classifying arbitrary collections of functional neuroimaging signals for the purpose of brain computer interfaces (BCIs). In the DSNN the first stream is an end-to-end classifier taking raw time-dependent signals as input and generating feature identific...
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/abc903
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential of intracortical electrode array signals for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to restore lost speech, we measured the performance of decoders trained to discriminate a comprehensive basis set of 39 English phonemes and to synthesize speech sounds via a neural pattern matching method....
journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/abbfef
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00