Abstract：
:The effects of the Clostridium difficile toxin were examined in HeLa and mouse adrenal tumor (MAT) cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by vital dye exclusion and 51Cr release. In both HeLa and MAT cells, C. difficile toxin caused rounding of virtually 100% of cells. This rounding was distinguishable from rounding produced by the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT): (1) LT was inactive in HeLa cells; (2) in MAT cells, C. difficile toxin produced uniformly rounded cells, while LT-rounded cells usually had cytoplasmic extensions and a regular background of flattened cells. In C. difficile toxin affected HeLa cells, there were less than mitotic figures per 1000 cells compared with 15-18 in controls. Clostridium difficile toxin treated HeLa cells showed less than 10% cytotoxicity in 24 h and no more than 30% by 74 h, similar to control cells. However, paralleling the suppression of mitotic figures, cell multiplication was inhibited in C. difficile toxin treated cells when subcultured in a short-term (72 h) assay compared with up to a 500% increase in control cells. This inhibition was also seen in a 6-week cloning assay in which C. difficile toxin treated cells had a cloning efficiency of less than 1% compared with approximately 10% in controls. We conclude that the major effect of the C. difficile toxin is inhibition of growth rather than immediate cell death. The relationship of this growth inhibition to colitis remains to be elucidated.
journal_name
Can J Microbioljournal_title
Canadian journal of microbiologyauthors
Gurwith MJ,Langston C,Dunsmore Bdoi
10.1139/m82-009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
100-5issue
1eissn
0008-4166issn
1480-3275journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effect of phenolic compounds, ethyl alcohol, and sodium metabisulphite on the lytic activity of virulent bacteriophage PL-1 on a Lactobacillus casei S strain isolated from a lactic acid beverage fermentation was investigated. Catechin, caffeic, and gallic acids, commercially produced red, white, and champagne tann...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m85-162
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay that uses degenerate primers and a dual-labelled probe was developed to detect the bexA gene of Haemophilus influenzae, including those belonging to non-b serotypes as well as clonal division II strains. This assay is sensitive and specific, detecting 20 copies of the gene, ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2013-0040
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aphanomyces astaci secondary cyst walls and walls of germinating spores were prepared by alkaline hydrolysis, autolysis, sonication, and enzymic degradation and were examined by shadow-casting and negative-staining techniques. The cyst wall consists of randomly oriented fibrils, about 3 nm in diameter. The fibrils are...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m78-210
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB), a nontoxic molecule with potent biological properties, is a powerful mucosal and parenteral adjuvant that induces a strong immune response against co-administered or coupled antigens. In this paper, the effect of LTB on the humoral immune response to rec...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w08-056
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental scanning electron microscopic observations of Postia placenta grown on a defined medium and on red spruce wood allowed for the examination of the hydrated sheath of P. placenta. In the wood environment, mature hyphae that were not adhering to the substrate were observed to have a mycofibrillar morphology...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m95-058
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Marine shrimp of the species Penaeus monodon were collected from the coastal region (Haroa) of the deltaic Sundarbans of West Bengal, India during the premonsoon period in 1996. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from the alimentary canal and gills of the shrimp as the sole isolate. All 10 isolated strains were resist...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial community structure and the effects of several environmental factors on the microbial community distribution were investigated in the sediment of the eutrophic Lake Xuanwu. Profiles of bacterial communities were generated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and the results were interpreted ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/W08-098
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined factors related to the potent antagonistic effect of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides ovatus on Staphylococcus aureus in anaerobic continuous flow cultures. In the presence of sugars fermentable by E. coli alone or both E. coli and S. aureus, motile E. coli strains exerted a potent antagonistic effect and ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m88-106
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Listeria grayi is a nonpathogenic Gram-positive bacterium that demonstrates considerable similarities to other members in the genus Listeria, including the foodborne human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and the animal pathogen Listeria ivanovii. A rapid diagnostic test to identify and diagnose listeriosis would be va...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w04-108
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diversity and variation of total and active ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in a full-scale aerated submerged biofilm reactor for drinking water pretreatment were characterized by clone libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA and its gene during a whole year. Sequences obtained...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w08-011
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous ultrastructural and biochemical analyses have been performed to characterize the cell wall composition and structure of Candida albicans. However, little investigation has focused on how subtle differences in cell wall structure influence the intracellular transport of amino acids and monosaccharides. In this...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The marine sponge Mycale sp., a potential source of natural bioactive products, is widely distributed along the coast of Fujian, China. The cultivable bacterial community associated with Mycale sp., the antibacterial activities, and the PKS (polyketide synthase) and NRPS (nonribosomal peptide synthetase) gene diversit...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2013-0785
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caldibacillus debilis strains GB1 and Tf display distinct phenotypes. Caldibacillus debilis GB1 is capable of anaerobic growth and can synthesize ethanol while C. debilis Tf cannot. Comparison of the GB1 and Tf genome sequences revealed that the genomes were highly similar in gene content and showed a high level of sy...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2018-0464
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A nystatin-resistant mutant of Aspergillus niger is described that has quantitative changes in phospholipid composition compared with the wild type. The proportion of linoleic acid in total phospholipids was elevated in the mutant from 38 to 56% and the proportion of oleic acid was lowered from 28 to 12%. Amino acid t...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m90-076
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The catabolism of glucose by Streptomyces C5, a producer of anthracycline antibiotics, was investigated to determine the pathways that supply precursors for anthracycline biosynthesis. Carbons for the biosynthesis of epsilon-rhodomycinone, an anthracycline aglycone, from radiolabelled glucose were derived primarily fr...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m88-217
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A dairy product processing plant was studied for 2.5 years to examine contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and try to correlate the source of contamination. Cultures were submitted to an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) and characterised by Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Results showed that ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w00-111
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nodulation of soybeans by indigenous and inoculum strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum was studied in field experiments in Wisconsin from 1983 to 86. Aqueous suspensions of bacteria were applied to seeds at the time of planting at levels of 7 × 10(7)-10(10) bacteria per 2.5-cm row. The predominant indigenous serogroup ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m90-136
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulomonas fimi genomic DNA was digested with HpaI, MunI, HindIII, and NsiI, producing fragments ranging in size from 20 to 1400 kbp that were resolved by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Genetic and physical linkages were determined by Southern blotting and were used to construct a genome map. Cellulomonas fimi ha...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characterization and enumeration of the adherent epimural community of the rumen wall of young, conventionally reared lambs were carried out from 2 to 21 days after birth. Three hundred strains were isolated by anaerobic procedures from three sites: dorsal, ventral, and caudal sacs, and from the sloughed epithelial ce...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m89-114
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibody to purified enterotoxin of Clostridium perfringens was used to study the intracellular formation of enterotoxin by this organism. Enterotoxin was detected at 4 h of growth at the end of the cell containing forespore. With the development of the spore, enterotoxin accumula...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m77-134
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two strains of Bacillus sphaericus. SSII-1 and 1593, were bioassayed for toxic activity against second-instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. It was found that strain 1593 developed a level of toxicity 3000 times that of strain SSII-1. Although the toxic activity of B. sphaericus SSII-1 was rela...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m79-193
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, we reported the metabolic responses of Pseudomonas sp. strain HF-1, a nicotine-degrading bacterium, to nicotine stress. However, the metabolic effects of nicotine on non-nicotine-degrading bacteria that dominate the environment are still unclear. Here, we have used nuclear magnetic resonance based metabolo...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2014-0206
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera from mice which have been vaccinated with BCG and challenged with old tuberculin contain gamma interferon. These same sera also express antibacterial activity. Using Staphylococcus aureus we demonstrated that its growth was inhibited at dilutions of sera as high as 1:320. A 4% concentration of sera reduced the gr...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m86-084
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acetylene-reduction assay was used for in situ and laboratory assessment of biological nitrogen fixation in the acidic, waterlogged, muskeg ecosystem of the southern James Bay area, in the region of Moosonee, Ontario. In situ assays and subsequent laboratory experimentation revealed that nitrogenase activity was p...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m76-130
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the biofilm-forming potential of intestinal Lactobacillus reuteri strains under different culture conditions was characterized by microtiter plate biofilm assays. Moreover, the spatial organization of exogenously applied L. reuteri L2/6 (a pig isolate) at specific locations in gastrointestinal tract of ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjm-2015-0007
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence and taxonomy of endophytic bacteria of the entire aerial parts of crocus (Crocus albiflorus), a wildflower native in the Alps, were investigated. A combination of plating of plant macerates, isolation and sequence identification of isolates, and direct 16S rDNA PCR amplification followed by whole-communit...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/w05-109
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescent antibody was prepared against a temperate-soil isolate of Beijerinckia obtained from a rhizosphere of rice growing in Camargue (France). The antibody did not cross-react with any of 6 species of Azotobacter, 4 species of Beijerinckia, or 44 unidentified soil bacteria isolated from a spectrum of rhizosphere...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m77-023
更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutaraldehyde, the biological fixative of choice in the cytochemical localization of the phosphatases, was investigated for its effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline phosphatase. Comparative studies on the inactivation of alkaline phosphatase by glutaraldehyde showed significant differences when the purified pro...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m81-078
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular functions are strongly influenced by the composition of the environment. In particular, phenotypes of microbial strains are modulated by concentrations of ions in the culture medium, and differences in element levels may be responsible for a phenotypic variability observed when microbial strains are grown...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/W07-012
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fatty acid pattern in Mycobacterium vaccae strain JOB5 was examined after growth on n-alkanes (C14-C18), 1-alkenes (C14-C18), 2- or 3-methyl octadecane, and 8-heptadecene. It was evident that monoterminal oxidation of n-alkanes was followed by beta-oxidation and that both parent fatty acid and products of beta-oxi...
journal_title：Canadian journal of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/m75-012
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
