Phylogeny of histamine in vertebrate brain.

abstract：:Excitotoxic effects leading to neuronal cell degeneration are often accompanied by a prolonged increase in the intracellular level of Ca(2+) ions and L-glutamate-induced toxicity is assumed to be mediated via a Ca(2+)-dependent mechanism. Due to their buffering properties, EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding proteins (CaBPs) can a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： D'Orlando C,Celio MR,Schwaller B

更新日期：2002-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Nasal and temporal microexplants from the retina of the chicken embryo (E6; White Leghorn) were cultured on a collagen gel in the presence of extract from anterior or posterior E18 optic tectum. After 4 days of incubation maximum neurite lengths were measured as a function of protein concentration (1-500 micrograms/ml...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Carri NG,Ebendal T

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous examination of binge cocaine self-administration and 2 week withdrawal from cocaine self-administration on ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit (iGluRs) protein levels revealed significant alterations in iGluR protein levels that differed between the mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways. The present ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hemby SE,Horman B,Tang W

更新日期：2005-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Bulk-isolated human and bovine oligodendroglia, practically free from myelin, have been used in attempts to elicit an autoimmune response which has been compared with acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). For these experiments, a total of 20 Hartley guinea pigs, 33 Lewis rats and 16 rabbits have been st...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Raine CS,Wiśniewski HM,Iqbal K,Grundkeiqbal I,Norton WT

更新日期：1977-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports of the distribution of calbindin, a 28 kDa vitamin D-induced calcium-binding protein, in the mammalian peripheral vestibular system postulated that this protein was involved in the calcium-dependent mechanisms occurring in the hair cells and ganglion cells. In this study, we examined the possibility o...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dechesne CJ,Thomasset M

更新日期：1988-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:30-Day-old male Wistar rats were tested for acquisition and retention of operant conditioned behavior after bilateral subicular lesions made either electrolytically or chemically (ibotenic acid). The acquisition of operant learning was carried out in lesioned rats by assessing the number of sessions required to learn ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Govindaiah,Rao BS,Raju TR,Meti BL

更新日期：1997-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissociated Muller (glial) cells from the neotenous tiger salamander retina respond electrogenically and rheogenically to three putative catecholamine (CA) neurotransmitters, epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. All 3 CAs stimulate a net inward current and an increase in input resistance (Rn). The Muller cell res...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Henshel DS,Miller RF

更新日期：1992-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The two primary categories of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic, both have fundamentally different mechanisms and thus different treatment options. These two stroke categories were applied to rat models to identify potential biomarkers that can distinguish between them. Ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral ar...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ren C,Zoltewicz S,Guingab-Cagmat J,Anagli J,Gao M,Hafeez A,Li N,Cao J,Geng X,Kobeissy F,Mondello S,Larner SF,Hayes RL,Ji X,Ding Y

更新日期：2013-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined whether mild brain hypothermia during pretreatment with sublethal 2-min ischemia affected the tolerance to subsequent lethal 5-min ischemia. The neuronal densities in the hippocampal CA1 sector of gerbils preconditioned at mild brain hypothermia (32% of normal) were significantly lower than those in gerbil...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wada K,Miyazawa T,Katoh H,Nomura N,Yano A,Shima K,Chigasaki H

更新日期：1997-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal threshold, which can be determined by the level of depolarization immediately prior to spike generation, is different for responses to conditioned and discriminated stimuli after conditioning. However, it is impossible to determine excitability within a response to stimuli that failed to generate a spike....

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tsitolovsky LE,Babkina NV

更新日期：2002-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Increases in extracellular potassium concentrations reliably increase burst rates in cultured fetal murine spinal cord networks. This effect could be mimicked by either blocking voltage-gated potassium conductances or facilitating excitatory synaptic interactions, but not by blocking specific calcium-dependent potassi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rhoades BK,Gross GW

更新日期：1994-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Human arachnoid villi were studied ultrastructurally to clarify the mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid absorption. Arachnoid villi of humans showed quite different features from those of animals. The former were not always invested with endothelial linings as previously reported in the latter. Instead, there was a cover...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamashima T

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A quantitative double blind procedure is described to test the myelinotoxicity of cerebrospinal fluid (SSF) by using optic nerves of Xenopus tadpoles as an in vivo model of a myelinated CNS tract. Only 0.5 ml of unconcentrated CSF is needed for a test and the result is known in 5 days. Groups of 8-10 Xenopus tadpoles ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tabira T,Webster HD,Wray SH

更新日期：1977-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The cholinergic nicotinic agonists (-)nicotine and lobeline were observed to partially inhibit whole-cell N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced responses in rat cortical neurons in culture. In addition we found that (-)nicotine, (+)nicotine, and lobeline, but not the nicotine metabolite (-)cotinine nor acetylcholine, we...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Aizenman E,Tang LH,Reynolds IJ

更新日期：1991-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans and many other mammalian species, the behavioural consequences of a cortical lesion tend to be milder when it occurs early in life, and there is evidence that an important factor contributing to the behavioural sparing in the young is the formation of new thalamo-cortical connections by thalamic neurons init...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gautschi M,Clarke PG

更新日期：2007-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The localization of adenosine receptors labelled with [3H]cyclohexyladenosine ([3H]CHA) and adenosine transport sites labelled with [3H]nitrobenzylthioinosine ([3H]NBI) was examined in striatum and superior colliculus (SC) using radioligand binding and lesioning methods. Striatal kainic acid lesions significantly redu...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Geiger JD

更新日期：1986-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments were undertaken to investigate dopaminergic involvement in the local rate of responding on a fixed ratio 5 (FR5) instrumental lever pressing schedule. Rats were trained to press a lever for food reinforcement on a FR5 schedule, and a computer program was used to record the interresponse time (IRT) for ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Salamone JD,Kurth PA,McCullough LD,Sokolowski JD,Cousins MS

更新日期：1993-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) production in the sensory neurons of the rad nodose ganglion was studied by examining the distribuiotn of NO synthase (NOS) by use of NADPH diaphorase (NADPHD) histochemistry and immunohistochemistry ofr the presence of isoformes of NOS: neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS) and the inducible isoform (...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamamoto Y,Henrich M,Snipes RL,Kummer W

更新日期：2003-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the distribution of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA in the brain of six autopsied individuals by in situ hybridization with 35S-labeled human ChAT riboprobes. Neurons containing hybridization signal for ChAT mRNA were observed in the nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca, the basal nucleus of Meynert...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kasashima S,Muroishi Y,Futakuchi H,Nakanishi I,Oda Y

更新日期：1998-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous immunocytochemical, physiological, and molecular studies have reported that the Syrian hamster lacks a shortwave-sensitive (S) cone photopigment but retains circadian responses to ultraviolet (UV) light. Using opsin antibodies and a sensitive detection protocol, we here show that S opsin immunoreactivity colo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Glösmann M,Ahnelt PK

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, we characterized the evoked electrical activity from T(13) to S(2) dorsal roots (DRs) during glass probe-stimulation of the vagina-cervix-uterus junction (VCUJ) of female Wistar rats. The results showed that gentle stimulation of VCUJ evoked high-amplitude electrical activity in L(3) and L(6) DRs...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tovar A,Lara-Garcia M,Cruz Y,Pacheco P

更新日期：2013-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The time course of the neurogenesis of cells showing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunoreactivity has been analyzed in the dorsal hippocampus and area dentata of the mouse. The quantitative data indicate that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic cells are generated prenatally, and that their peaks of neurogenesis...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Soriano E,Cobas A,Fairén A

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), more commonly known as an antiulcer agent, reportedly induces the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family in the gastric mucosa, liver and heart of rats. However, it has not been reported whether HSPs, and other factors that contribute to neuroprotection, are inducible in the brain following ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Fujiki M,Kobayashi H,Abe T,Ishii K

更新日期：2003-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicergoline, a drug used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia, was tested for its ability to protect neurons against beta-amyloid toxicity. Pure cultures of rat cortical neurons were challenged with a toxic fragment of beta-amyloid peptide (betaAP(25-35)) and toxicity was assessed after...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Caraci F,Chisari M,Frasca G,Canonico PL,Battaglia A,Calafiore M,Battaglia G,Bosco P,Nicoletti F,Copani A,Sortino MA

更新日期：2005-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunohistochemical studies have suggested that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was a transmitter of the olivocerebellar projection. We used in situ hybridization histochemistry with a 35S-labeled oligodeoxyribonucleotide probe for CRF mRNA to show that inferior olivary neurons of rats, baboons, and humans synthe...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Young WS 3rd,Walker LC,Powers RE,De Souza EB,Price DL

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anandamide, the ethanolamide of arachidonic acid, is an endogenous cannabinoid. It is an agonist at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors as well as the vanilloid receptor, VR1. It is analgesic in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Both central and peripheral mechanisms are considered to participate in its analgesia. Prim...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kim HI,Kim TH,Shin YK,Lee CS,Park M,Song JH

更新日期：2005-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Headache medicine is primarily dependent on patients' subjective reports of pain, which are assessed at diagnosis and throughout the duration of treatment. There is a need for an objective, quantitative biological measurement of headache pain severity. In this study, quantitative sensory testing (QST) was conducted vi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Nguyen RH,Ford S,Calhoun AH,Holden JK,Gracely RH,Tommerdahl M

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histochemical and immunochemical techniques are used to locate 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide-3'-phosphohydrolase (2',3'-cNMP-3'ase) within cells of the vertebrate retina. A new histochemical method is described which links the hydrolysis of 2',3'-cNADP to the formation of a reduced, insoluble tetrazolium formazan. Photorece...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Giulian D,Iwanij V,Dean G,Drummond RJ

更新日期：1983-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) transported intraaxonally from the adrenergic nerve terminals in the iris to the cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion resulted in an increase in the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase in the ganglion. This occurred in both six-day-old and adult rats with the relative effe...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hendry IA,Bonyhady R

更新日期：1980-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of sex steroids on immunoreactive beta-endorphin (EP) release from the rat hypothalamus in vitro were examined using a rat hypothalamic perifusion system and an EP RIA. Testosterone (1-100 ng/ml) and estradiol (10-100 pg/ml) stimulated EP release in a dose-dependent manner. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 1-...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Nakano Y,Suda T,Sumitomo T,Tozawa F,Demura H

更新日期：1991-07-05 00:00:00