Abstract:
:The neuronal threshold, which can be determined by the level of depolarization immediately prior to spike generation, is different for responses to conditioned and discriminated stimuli after conditioning. However, it is impossible to determine excitability within a response to stimuli that failed to generate a spike. In the present study we examined the role of the AP threshold of two related Helix defensive neurons in the initiation of an AP during elaboration of the neuronal analog of a classical conditional reflex. These neurons fire in a synchronous manner though spikes sometimes are not generated simultaneously. We compared the change in spike threshold within the responses with other parameters of intracellular activity that also affect the neuronal response, but which can be measured without an analysis of the spike waveform (spike latency, slope of excitatory postsynaptic potentials, etc.). We found that the change in slope is not the reason for the change in the threshold during pairing. The thresholds within conditioned and discriminated responses affected spike generation and their values correlated with the spike presence or absence in related neurons. The excitability changed transiently within the responses, since these alterations were selective for the conditioned and discriminated stimuli and applied primarily to the first spike of the response. The firing threshold seems to be a dynamic property of excitable membrane. Neurons appear to evaluate the significance of the input signal, transiently change their own excitability and only after that compare the magnitude of this signal and threshold.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Tsitolovsky LE,Babkina NVdoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02868-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-09 00:00:00pages
104-18issue
1eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006899302028688journal_volume
946pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Prolidase deficiency is characterized by chronic ulcerative dermatitis, mental retardation, and frequent infections. In the present study we examined the characteristics of rat brain prolidase isoenzymes. Prolidase isoenzymes (PD I and PD II) were isolated from the rat brain using DEAE cellulose column chromatography....
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.081
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although there are several reports on the alteration of intracellular signal transduction during heat shock in somatic cells, the long term effects of heat shock on neuronal cells remain unknown. In this report, we investigated cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation and the expression of heat shock proteins following heat sho...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00072-9
更新日期:1998-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of hypoxia on the structure and function of the synaptosomal membranes and myelin fraction (glial cells, neuronal cells bodies and axonal membranes) was investigated by measuring Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity and levels of lipid peroxidation products in cerebral cortical synaptosomal membranes and myelin fractio...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91388-9
更新日期:1993-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ontogeny of the corticoid receptors in the rat hippocampus was examined by in vitro [3H]corticosterone (CORT) binding to soluble molecules in the cytosol, using the selective Type II glucocorticoid agonist, RU 28362, to discriminate between Type I and Type II receptor sites. Type I receptors were undetectable unti...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(88)90206-4
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine if a prolonged period (7 or 14 days) of hypodynamia-hypokinesia (HH) affects the conduction of afferent input and the cortical and spinal responsiveness. Acute recordings of cortical and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were performed after stimulation of the sciatic...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02804-x
更新日期:2003-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Non-peptide receptor ligands with differential affinity for the angiotensin II-1 (AII-1) receptor (EXP3312, EXP3880) or the AII-2 receptor (PD123177) and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril were evaluated for the ability to protect against a renin-induced performance deficit in a passive avoidan...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91599-v
更新日期:1991-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed flotillin-1 expression in the spinal cords of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Western blot analysis showed that flotillin-1 expression increased significantly in the spinal cords from rats at the peak stage of EAE compared with the levels in control animals (p<0.05) and dec...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.054
更新日期:2006-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure is described which allows for the selective and non-injectional staining of the three-dimensional microvasculatory bed (MVB) in thick sections (60-140 microm) of formalin-fixed brain tissue of white rats Rattus norvegicus. This histochemical method detects ATPase activity and takes place between pH 10.5 an...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.059
更新日期:2006-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 12 represents a member of a large family of similarly structured multi-domain proteins. In the central nervous system (CNS), ADAM12 has been suggested to play a role in brain development, glioblastoma cell proliferation, and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Furth...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.02.049
更新日期:2010-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal slices prepared from adult rats were loaded with fura-2 and the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer was measured. Hypoxia (oxygen-glucose deprivation) elicited a gradual increase in [Ca2+]i in normal Krebs solution. At high extracellular sodium concentrations ([N...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01037-3
更新日期:1998-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of 302 neurons in rat hindlimb granular cortex was studied between 2 and 3 weeks after transection and ligation of the sciatic nerve. These neurons were compared to a control sample obtained from normal rats under similar experimental conditions. After sciatic nerve transection the proportion of neurons drive...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91019-0
更新日期:1988-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The subpallial region of the avian telencephalon contains neural systems whose functions are critical to the survival of individual vertebrates and their species. The subpallial neural structures can be grouped into five major functional systems, namely the dorsal somatomotor basal ganglia; ventral viscerolimbic basal...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.09.037
更新日期:2011-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Two different ligands, tritiated oxytocin and a newly synthesized and monoiodinated oxytocin antagonist, were used to reveal sites which bind oxytocin in the brainstem and upper spinal cord of 12 human subjects. Tissue sections were incubated with either ligand at a concentration close to their respective dissociation...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90317-x
更新日期:1989-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic administration of the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, induced both phase advances and phase delays in the circadian rhythm of wheel-running activity in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) maintained in constant darkness or constant light. The magnitude and direction of the phase shifts were dependent ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91053-6
更新日期:1989-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::The present study compared Fos expression in identified hypothalamic magnocellular neurons in lactating and non-lactating female rats submitted to acute haemorrhage or 24 h of water deprivation, stimuli that induce the release of both oxytocin and vasopressin. Quantitative analysis of preparations doubly immunostained...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)90809-5
更新日期:1994-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-clamped GABA(A fast) and GABA(A slow) inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were selectively elicited in hippocampal area CA1 pyramidal neurons. Clinically relevant concentrations of halothane (1.2 vol.%) prolonged both GABA(A fast) and GABA(A slow) IPSC decay times approximately 2.5 fold, while having litt...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00516-7
更新日期:1997-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Kinins, a special class of polypeptides, are represented by bradykinin (BK), kallidin (Lys-BK), as well as their metabolites. The biological actions of these polypeptides binding on their receptors (B1 and B2) have been related to inflammation process, cytokines action, glutamate release and prostaglandins production....
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2003.12.050
更新日期:2004-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) was lesioned by injection of ibotenic acid, in 200 g male Wistar rats. The rats were killed 1, 3, 7 or 21 days after surgery, the brains were removed and the prefrontal cortices were subjected to immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis for the expression of glial fibrillary a...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90800-o
更新日期:1992-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The cell-mediated inflammatory component of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice is measured by the radioisotopic technique. Mice are challenged with autologous spinal cord homogenate in Freund's complete adjuvant and at various time intervals after such immunization given [125I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90850-3
更新日期:1979-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::The solubilized rat central nervous system (hypothalamic) nicotinic cholinergic receptor and the Torpedo nicotinic cholinergic receptors are immunologically similar and show greater than 60% immunologic cross-reactivity using a double-antibody technique. Antibodies to the Electrophorus and Torpedo receptors also decre...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90700-5
更新日期:1979-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Possible involvement of the amygdaloid input in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial perforant path-dentate gyrus granule cell synapses in vivo was investigated by evaluating the effects of lesions of the amygdaloid nucleus. The dentate gyrus synaptic potential evoked by low-frequency test stimulation did not ch...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91377-3
更新日期:1994-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) is a growth factor that regulates cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, and is involved in several physical and pathological processes. The overexpression of PDGF-B in glioma surgical samples revealed its effect on tumorigenesis. In this study, we determined that...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.045
更新日期:2014-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::During the re-entrainment of the rat pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) rhythm to an 8-h advance of a light-dark (LD) cycle accomplished by shortening of one dark period, the advanced light period phase-delayed the evening NAT rise and phase-advanced the morning decline. The phase-relationship between the rise and the d...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90605-7
更新日期:1989-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of hypothalamic stimulation (HS) were studied in intracellular recordings obtained from 125 neurons of the motor cortex (MC). HS that was effective in reinforcing bar-press behavior, i.e. satisfactory for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), evoked short-latency (less than 3 ms) activation of these cortical n...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91458-8
更新日期:1988-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::The recent development of rodent models of bone cancer pain has started to provide the basis for demonstrating the particular neurochemical and behavioral entity of cancer pain. Behaviourally, both spontaneous pain and hyperalgesia related to mechanical, but not thermal, noxious stimuli have been described in cancer-b...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02284-4
更新日期:2003-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated intermittent administration of amphetamines acutely increases appetitive and consummatory aspects of motivated behaviors as well as general activity and exploratory behavior, including voluntary running wheel activity. Subsequently, if the drug is withdrawn, the frequency of these behaviors decreases, which i...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.10.037
更新日期:2012-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular recordings in vivo from serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons of the rat brain reveal that these cells undergo a pronounced postspike hyperpolarization followed by a gradual interspike depolarization leading to the succeeding spike. Such repetitive cycles of interspike hyperpolarization and depolarization, w...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90124-x
更新日期:1982-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose modulates substantia nigra (SN) dopamine (DA) neuronal activity and GABA axon terminal transmitter release by actions on an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)). Here, the effect of altering SN glucose levels on striatal DA release was assessed by placing microdialysis probes into both the SN and striatum ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02573-7
更新日期:2000-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Drug addiction is characterized by persistent relapse vulnerability during abstinence. In abstinent drug users, relapse is often precipitated by re-exposure to environmental contexts that were previously associated with drug use. This clinical scenario is modeled in preclinical studies using the context-induced reinst...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.004
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The type and cell size of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-Ir) neurones were examined in 14 postmortem brains from elderly control and Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) patients with the aid of an image analyser. Morphological features of PV-Ir neurones suggested the existence of PV in the non-pyramidal interneurones in the...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90974-7
更新日期:1987-08-18 00:00:00