Abstract:
:The present study utilized the [14C]2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) cell labeling procedure to characterize a functional pathway from the prefrontal cortex (Pfc) and mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) to the hypothalamus. Rats were injected with 2-DG prior to a 45 min experimental paradigm consisting of alternating 30 s on-off periods of electrical brain stimulation. Standard procedures were utilized for the removal and processing of brain tissue for X-ray autoradiography. In the first phase of this study, stimulation applied to the prefrontal cortex generally yielded a pattern of 2-DG distribution consistent with the findings of classical anatomical studies. Stimulation of the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex or the infralimbic cortex produced the most effective activation of the diencephalon. This activation was primarily limited to MD, with no involvement of any region of the hypothalamus. In the second phase of this study, brain regions activated following stimulation of sites along the rostro-caudal axis of MD were examined. Stimulation of MD resulted in the activation of the nucleus reuniens and other midline and non-specific thalamic nuclei. Stimulation of this nucleus also activated the ventromedial thalamic nucleus, medial aspects of the nucleus accumbens and the medial and sulcal prefrontal cortices. Again, in each of these cases, labeling within any region of the hypothalamus could not be detected. Since MD stimulation activated the midline thalamus, and the nucleus reuniens in particular, the last phase of this experiment involved stimulation of the nucleus reuniens in order to determine the source of medial thalamic inputs to the hypothalamus. Stimulation of the nucleus reuniens activated fibers which were distributed to both the medial and lateral hypothalamus. In addition, stimulation also activated the descending periventricular system, which could be followed to the level of the midbrain central gray and such limbic structures as the hippocampal formation, septal area, amygdala and prefrontal cortex. These findings indicate that Pfc-MD activation of the hypothalamus is achieved indirectly via interneurons within the nucleus reuniens.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Brutus M,Watson RE Jr,Shaikh MB,Siegel HE,Weiner S,Siegel Adoi
10.1016/0006-8993(84)90151-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-24 00:00:00pages
279-93issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(84)90151-3journal_volume
310pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Glycine is thought to be a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. Two types of physiologically identified interneurons, Renshaw cells and Ia inhibitory interneurons, were intracellularly stained with horseradish peroxidase, and their axon terminals were studied at the electron microscopic level. Post-...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90590-r
更新日期:1991-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the behavioral consequences of dopamine system activation are thought to be mediated by substantia nigra pars reticulata output pathways. Extracellular, single unit recording studies were conducted to determine how i.v. administration of the dopamine agonist, apomorphine, affects the activity of these pars ret...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90380-9
更新日期:1984-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohols and volatile anesthetics modulate the function of cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels, binding to a putative site between transmembrane domains two and three. The extracellular linker between these two domains is important in the transduction of the gating signal from the glycine binding site to the channel ga...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.031
更新日期:2007-06-04 00:00:00
abstract::The rat mutant dystonic displays an autosomal recessive neurological disease characterized by slow, twisting movements of the limbs and trunk. Rats displaying clinical signs also show a decreased behavioral response to the dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol. Investigation of the development of the cataleptic response t...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90920-x
更新日期:1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to study the role of the dorsal noradrenergic ascending pathway (DNAP), which originates in the locus coeruleus (LC) on the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL) by producing bilateral electrolytic lesions (cathodal or anodal) in ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00613-6
更新日期:1997-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine neurons are overstimulated by drugs of abuse and suffer molecular alterations that lead to addiction behavior. Nurr1 is a transcription factor crucial for dopamine neurons survival and dopamine production, activating the transcription of key genes like tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Interestingly, nuclear factor-...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.031
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following cholinergic denervation of the hippocampus by medial septal lesions, and unusual neuronal reorganization occurs, in which peripheral sympathetic fibers, originating from the superior cervical ganglia, grow into the hippocampus. Previously, we have found that both hippocampal sympathetic ingrowth (HSI) and ch...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00070-7
更新日期:1995-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The subfornical organ, along with other regions of the lamina terminalis, may contain osmoreceptors and is likely to be a site of action of blood-borne angiotensin II. The neural pathways by which these stimuli lead to vasopressin secretion, have been suggested to extend from the subfornical organ to hypothalamic site...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90708-4
更新日期:1991-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Acute estradiol (E2) can potentiate the excitatory responses of hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) neurons to neurotransmitters. To investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the potentiation, the whole-cell patch voltage clamp technique was used to study VMN neurons in hypothalamic slices prepared from female juven...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.104
更新日期:2006-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Transient global cerebral ischemia has been shown to induce marked changes in the polyamine pathway with a significant increase in putrescine, the product of the ornithine decarboxylase reaction. This study examined the relationship between tissue and extracellular polyamines and regional cerebral blood flow and brain...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01116-X
更新日期:1997-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) function in the posterior hypothalamus of rats elicits a pattern of physiological and behavioral arousal consisting of increases in heart rate, respiration and blood pressure as well as intense locomotor stimulation and a selective enhancement of avoidance responding. The pre...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91173-e
更新日期:1990-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::The neuroprotective effects of N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine (NSTyr) on cognitive function and neuronal plasticity during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) in rats were investigated. After induction of CCH, NSTyr was administered daily for 3 months intraperitoneally. Cognitive functions were evaluated by Morris water maze ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.02.037
更新日期:2010-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) has been immunocytochemically localized in neuronal perikarya throughout the adult rat central nervous system (CNS). In order to determine if any TGF alpha-immunoreactive (TGF alpha-I) cell bodies have long axonal projections, indirect immunofluorescence was used in combina...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91317-5
更新日期:1987-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered as a cellular model of memory formation. Specific, electrical weak tetanization of distinct afferents such as the medial perforant path results in a short-lasting, protein synthesis-independent early-LTP (up to 4 h) within the dentate gyrus. A stronger tetanizatio...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.03.055
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified an inhibitory neuron (RPL4) in the right pleural ganglion of Aplysia, which produced hyperpolarization of the sensory and motor neurons involved in the tail withdrawal reflex. Activation of RPL4 significantly reduced the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials produced in tail motor neurons ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90548-n
更新日期:1992-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Arg-vasopressin (AVP) containing neurons are one of the output paths from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the center of the biological clock. AVP mRNA transcription is controlled by a negative feedback loop of clock genes. Circadian rhythm of melatonin release from the pineal gland is regulated by the SCN via the p...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.04.052
更新日期:2004-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intracerebral injections of brain-gut peptides in the preoptic region on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin (PRL) were examined in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed rats. Gastrin or cholecystokinin-octapeptide injection in the preoptic region induced a moderate increase of circadian r...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90330-1
更新日期:1987-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical self-stimulation in the lateral hypothalamus was recorded in both hemispheres of 20 rats before and after making a lesion either by unilateral radiofrequency stimulation or by injection of N-methyl-D,L-aspartate into the region of the peduncular-pontine nucleus. For the animals which received the radiofrequ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90836-6
更新日期:1989-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The carotid body of the mouse is ideally suited for in vitro photometric and fluorometric studies using transillumination. It is small, thin and translucent. Photometric recordings were made by using a dual wavelength method. Wavelengths of 550 nm (maximal absorbance, MA) and 540 nm (isosbestic point, IP) were employe...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90019-8
更新日期:1985-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Light stimulates dopamine (DA) release in the retina. The purpose of this study was to determine the threshold and dose-response relationship between ocular light exposure and retinal DA synthesis in vivo. Groups of dark-adapted rats were exposed to 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 or 1000 microwatts per square centimeter ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91211-x
更新日期:1987-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work in our laboratory has demonstrated that spontaneous or evoked climbing fiber inputs are associated with an increased responsiveness of Purkinje cells to mossy fiber inputs activated by natural peripheral stimuli. These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that this increased responsiveness occu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)91027-8
更新日期:1984-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::In the adult brain, γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, whereas it acts as an excitatory transmitter in the immature brain, and may be involved in morphogenesis. In the present study, we immunohistochemically examined the developmental changes in GABA signaling in the embryonic mouse cervica...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.10.003
更新日期:2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Subtypes of muscarinic receptors were characterized in the frontal cortices of control and Alzheimer brains, with labelled quinuclidinyl benzilate [3H]QNB and the unlabelled muscarinic antagonists pirenzepine, AF-DX 116, hexahydro-sila-diphenidol (HHSiD), para-fluoro-hexahydro-sila-diphenidol (p-F-HHSiD) and himbacine...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91541-l
更新日期:1992-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to demonstrate a protective effect against convulsions induced by hyperbaric oxygen (OHP), aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA at 2.5 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously to 60 white leghorn cockerels (aged 21-28 days) at periods of 1-72 h before exposure to OHP. A transient protection was noted 1-8 h after admi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90753-9
更新日期:1983-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Cell number and proliferation of reactive astrocytes were studied quantitatively in the stabbed cerebral cortex of adult mice, using immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and [3H]thymidine autoradiography. GFAP-positive astrocytes increased in cell number gradually from 24 to 96 h after stabb...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90757-3
更新日期:1988-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the locomotor response of rats to unilateral injections of the mixed D1/D2 agonist apomorphine, the D2 agonist quinpirole, and the D1 agonist SKF 38393 into the left or right nucleus accumbens (NA) of male Sprague-Dawley rats. There were 2 main findings. First, unilateral (left or right) inj...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91351-g
更新日期:1990-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Coupling between lumbar motoneurons in the isolated frog spinal cord was studied by using intracellular recordings and intracellular injections of Lucifer Yellow CH. Physiological studies revealed intra- and intersegmental, short latency electrical interactions between many motoneurons. Injections of Lucifer Yellow in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90721-7
更新日期:1983-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Previous lectin-histochemical and immunocytochemical investigations using fixed tissue revealed perineuronal nets as lattice-like accumulations of extracellular matrix proteoglycans at the surface of several types of neurons. In the present study, perineuronal nets in the rat brain were labelled for the first time in ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00152-7
更新日期:1996-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of glucagon injections (25, 100 and 200 ng) into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) were investigated in an open-circuit calorimeter. Wistar rats were tested, with no food available during the tests. High doses of glucagon (100 and 200 ng) produced small and short-lasting increases in en...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90663-8
更新日期:1993-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine if a prolonged period (7 or 14 days) of hypodynamia-hypokinesia (HH) affects the conduction of afferent input and the cortical and spinal responsiveness. Acute recordings of cortical and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were performed after stimulation of the sciatic...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02804-x
更新日期:2003-07-18 00:00:00