Abstract:
:The US EPA and the California Air Resources Board studied the exposures of 51 residents of Los Angeles, CA to 25 volatile organic chemicals in air and drinking water in February and July of 1987. Participants carried a personal air monitor consisting of a Tenax cartridge and a small sampling pump for two consecutive 12-hour periods. Concurrently, outdoor air samples were collected in the back yards and indoor air samples were collected in the kitchen and living room. Breath samples were collected at the beginning, middle, and end of the 24-hour monitoring period using a vanmounted spirometer employing Tedlar bags followed by collection on Tenax cartridges. All analyses were by GC/MS. Air exchange measurements were made at all homes using the perfluorotracer method. For most chemicals, personal air concentrations were greater than indoor air levels, which were in turn greater than outdoor air concentrations. Breath concentrations were more stable than air exposures and were significantly correlated with previous exposure. Using the air exchange measurements, whole-house source strengths were estimated to range between approximately zero for carbon tetrachloride to 10,000 micrograms/h for para-dichlorobenzene. Ambient concentrations in February were two-three times those in July, perhaps due to strong inversions.
journal_name
Toxicol Ind Healthjournal_title
Toxicology and industrial healthauthors
Wallace LAdoi
10.1177/074823379100700523subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-09-01 00:00:00pages
203-8issue
5-6eissn
0748-2337issn
1477-0393journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Groups of five male and five female rats were fed diets containing from 0% to 2.5% di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate (DEHT) or 1.2% di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) for 21 days. Feed consumption and body weight gains were collected and, at study termination, animals were examined for alterations in body weight, difference...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823378700300206
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocarcinogens are agents that increase the incidence of liver cancer in exposed animals or humans. It is now established that carcinogenic exposures have a widespread impact on the transcriptome, inducing both adaptive and adverse changes in the activities of genes and pathways. Chemical hepatocarcinogens have als...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233720922710
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Norplant* system is composed of a set of six Silastic* (silicone polydimethysiloxane) capsules measuring 34 mm by 2.4 mm, each containing 36 mg of levonorgestrel and sealed at either end with a medical grade silicone elastomer adhesive. Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestin, widely used in combination oral contr...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823379501100104
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult female Swiss Webster and B6C3F1 mice received distilled water only or water containing 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 or 1000 ppb of aldicarb daily for 34 days. The target concentration of aldicarb present in the 10 ppb dosing solution was analytically verified on a daily basis as was its stability over a 48-hr period. To de...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823378800400310
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospheric acid precursor emissions in Asia are increasing at a significant rate. This is expected to continue for the next several years. This main purpose for this study is to observe the concentration variations of PM(2.5), PM(2.5-10), PM(10), total suspended particulates (TSP), atmospheric particulates, and dry d...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233710375950
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury has been used in many domains of human activities for many years, although in any form mercury is reported to be toxic. On the other hand, lichens have been used in the treatment of several diseases such as tuberculosis, hemorrhoids, ulcer, dysentery and cancer. Animal investigations on some common lichen spec...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233711404036
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trivalent chromium (Cr) is an environmental contaminant, which is extensively used in tanning industries throughout the world and causes various forms of health hazards in tannery workers. Therefore, a cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the DNA damage and oxidative stress condition in tannery workers ex...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233712457447
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yoghurt is a popular dairy product in Iran because of its beneficial influence on human health and nutritional value. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the metabolite of potential carcinogen aflatoxin B1, which can contaminate milk through the feed and is not eliminated by common processing heat treatment. An analytical method u...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233710394236
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the single and combined neurotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene ([BaP] 0.0, 0.5, and 5.0 mg/kg body weight; intragastric administration) and lead acetate (0.0, 5.4, and 54.0 mg/L; by drinking water) were examined on KunMing mice. In the Morris water maze, results showed that BaP and lead induced syn...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233711433932
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The negative health effects caused by lead (Pb) exposure are widely recognized; however, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of occupational Pb exposure on telomere length and to investigate the potential mechanisms leading to telomere shortening. A cohort of 334 mal...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233715601758
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in Lys- and Leu-aminopeptidase activities in several brain regions of the rat, after acute toluene administration, are described in this research. Aminopeptidase activity has been suggested as a candidate regulator of the degradation of several neuroactive peptides. Lys-aminopeptidase activity was significantl...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823379300900310
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrrolizidine alkaloid isoline is isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Ligularia duciformis. Our previous reports have already demonstrated isoline-induced liver injury in mice. The present study is designed to observe the involvement of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) in isoline-induced cytotoxicity...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233712442707
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. In the present study, the effects of in-utero JP-8 jet fuel exposure ...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233708089045
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maneb is a dithiocarbamate fungicide that contains manganese. Dithiocarbamates are considered to be chemicals of low toxicity. An experimental group (n = 10) received maneb (obtained from Hoecht-Shering) at a concentration of 250 ppm in distilled water five days a week (treatment time is three weeks). It was orally ad...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233706070851
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A preliminary study of dermal and respiratory exposure to chlorpyrifos (Dursban TC) during structural treatments was conducted with eight workers from a commercial pest control company. The compound was applied by sub-slab and soil injection to four houses, with each application involving two workers. Crawl space appl...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823379000600301
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paraquat has been shown to be a highly toxic compound for humans and animals, and many cases of acute poisoning and death have been reported over the past few decades. The present study was undertaken to evaluate comprehensively herbicides (Paraquat) and some plant extracts to biochemical aspects of Lymnaea natalensis...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233713498457
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper summarizes the proposed time-dependent sensitization (TDS) and partial limbic kindling model for illness from low-level chemicals; reviews and critiques prior studies on CNS aspects of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS); and outlines possible experimental approaches to future studies. TDS is the pro...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation gives detailed analysis of peripheral marker enzymes as well as neurobehavioral tests following chronic aluminium (Al) exposure (10 mg/kg b.w. for 12 weeks intragastrically). We observed a significant decrease in the levels of serum cholinesterase after toxicity. The enzymatic activity of cytochrome...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0748233706th242oa
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was realized to investigate the possible beneficial effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the major active component of volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds, against lead (Pb)-induced inhibition of rat testicular functions. Adult rats were randomized into four groups: a control group receiving no treatment; a Pb gro...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233714548474
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main objective of this study is to calculate the hours of diving in benzene-polluted waters acceptable for professional divers. We considered recommended absorption limit as that from pulmonary workplace absorption during an 8-h workday at recommended exposure limits set by the National Institute of Occupational S...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233708098126
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal that induces a wide range of biochemical and physiological effects in humans. Oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in Pb toxicity. The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activities of zinc (Zn) supplement against lead acetate-induced kidn...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233718770293
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to evaluate the extrapulmonary effects of exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) through the analysis of blood components and histopathological examinations of the trachea and diaphragm muscle (DM) in C57BL/6 mice. Thirty-six animals were exposed to six cigarettes per day for 5 days. The mice were divided i...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233717715187
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles have applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology; therefore, any possible adverse effects require thorough investigation. The present study investigated the effects of Co3O4 nanoparticles on four different cell lines: liver, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells; lung, A549 lung c...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233717706633
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day resulted in immediate secretion ...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233708090908
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhalation toxicity of methanol and toluene was investigated in rats. Young Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes were exposed to vapors of methanol (300 ppm, 3000 ppm), toluene (30 ppm, 300 ppm) or methanol/toluene (300/30 ppm, 300/300 ppm, 3000/30 ppm, and 3000/300 ppm) six hrs per day, five days/week for four weeks...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/074823379401000310
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to explore the impact of 2-deoxglucose or malonate individually or in combination on the level of cell energy (adenosine-5'-triphosphate) and oxidative stress in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary proliferation in rats. A total of 60 adult female Sprague Dawley rats were r...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233712472525
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analytical method using natural analcime zeolite modified with tppz (2,3,5,6-tetra-pyridylpyrazine) for preconcentration of cadmium, in a column system, and their sequential determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), was developed. In this work, cadmium was adsorbed onto natural analcime zeolite ...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233711422730
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methiocarb (MC) is a widely used carbamate pesticide in agriculture and health programs. Although the main molecular mechanism of carbamate toxicity involves acetylcholinesterase inhibition, studies have also implicated the induction of oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233712446719
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Spirometry is the main pulmonary function test routinely employed in the occupational medicine practice. Its interpretation depends on the choice of the theoretical reference values. Therefore, our objective was to retrospectively evaluate the differences in the spirometric interpretation according to the ...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233720912059
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:For several decades, there has been increasing evidence for excess incidence of lung cancer among workers in the rubber industry. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of lung cancer occurrence among Egyptian workers involved in the rubber industry using two circulating protein biomarkers. METHODS...
journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0748233720923504
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00