Abstract：
:The neural manifestations of food avoidance learning in the mollusc, Pleurobranchaea, survive the surgical reduction of the preparation to the nearly isolated brain. These manifestations include increased synaptic inhibition and reduced synaptic excitation of the phasic paracerebral feeding command interneurons (PCps) in the brain in response to food stimulation of chemosensory structures left attached to the brain. The same changes are not evident, however, in brains removed from naive, control or satiated specimens. Therefore the nearly isolated brain preparation permits analysis of the cellular substrates of learning in relative isolation from non-associative motivational variables. The isolated brain preparation is here used to show that the increased synaptic inhibition consequent to associative training is distributed not only to the PCps but also to their identified central presynaptic inputs, including other identified feeding command interneurons (PSEs and ETIIs; ref. 21). The decrease in PCp excitation is explained in part by a training-induced inhibition of excitatory inputs to the PCps, and in part by a training-induced reduction in the efficacy of an identified polysynaptic excitatory pathway presynaptic to the PCps.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Kovac MP,Davis WJ,Matera EM,Morielli A,Croll RPdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(85)91553-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-04-08 00:00:00pages
275-84issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(85)91553-7journal_volume
331pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:In the present study we analyzed the effect of ascorbate (0.8 mM)/Fe2+ (2.5 microM)-induced membrane lipid peroxidation on the levels of intracellular free calcium,[Ca2+]i and on the possible mechanisms involved in the perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis during oxidative stress. For this purpose, the inf...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01554-x
更新日期：1996-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:This neuroimaging study investigated the neural mechanisms of the effect of conversation on visual event detection during a driving-like scenario. The static load paradigm, established as predictive of visual reaction time in on-road driving, measured reaction times to visual events while subjects watched a real-world...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.002
更新日期：2009-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Baclofen-sensitive GABAB receptor binding to various brain regions was compared in age-matched spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat. The specific [3H]baclofen binding was significantly higher in SHR cerebellum, hippocampus and nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), but lower in medulla, w...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90941-2
更新日期：1985-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of high concentrations of L-ascorbic acid on the in vivo and in vitro growth of human neuroblastoma has been investigated. Directly implemented into cell culture it decreased the DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, and mitosis of neuroblastoma cells, without affecting normal neuronal cells. In vivo treatment of...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)91139-4
更新日期：1985-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Phonological working memory (PWM) tasks consist of a sequence of stimulus-encoding, maintenance and response. Few previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of PWM have employed event-related designs that make it possible to analyze the activations associated with each phase of such a task. The expl...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.097
更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The serotoninergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) innervation of the rat ventral tegmental area (VTA) was examined by light and electron microscopic radioautography following intraventricular infusion of [3H]5-HT. The [3H]5-HT labeled processes were characterized with respect to their regional distribution, ultrastructur...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91588-5
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In situ hybridization (ISH) is an essential technique for mapping gene expression in the brain. Although many ISH protocols provide for quantitative analysis of individual mRNAs in different brain regions or across experimental conditions, this technique has lacked the necessary standardization for quantitative compar...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2003.11.069
更新日期：2004-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:By using enkephalin immunohistochemistry combined with retrograde fluorescent labelling, a great majority of neurons in the rat cerebellum sending their axons to the spinal cord were shown to contain enkephalin immunoreactivity. These neurons were numerous and clustered in the fastigial nucleus but far less abundant i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)00557-7
更新日期：1995-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:GEC1 protein shares high identity with GABARAP (GABA(A) Receptor-Associated Protein), interacts with tubulin and GABA(A) receptors and is potentially involved in intracellular transport processes. Recently, using quantitative real time PCR, we have reported the gec1 mRNA expression in different rat brain areas. In the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.077
更新日期：2008-05-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactive material (ME-LI) in the neurointermediate lobe of rat pituitary was dramatically altered by the long-term administration of drugs altering dopamine receptor activity. Treatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol resulted in significant increases of ME-LI and treatment ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90586-4
更新日期：1985-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Our purpose was to investigate the cortical information processing of autobiographical fact violation (AFV) in self-referential questions. We expected that AFV in a self-referential question would evoke a characteristic pattern of neural synchrony and event-related potentials (ERPs). Averaged ERP and event-related syn...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.013
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Portions of cerebellar cortex, particularly Larsell's hemisphere VI, have been identified as involved but not essential for the acquisition and retention of classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane (NM) response in rabbit. The present experiment was undertaken to examine the effect of lesions of cerebellar c...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)90775-i
更新日期：1993-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the association between brain white matter (WM) structure and motor function in humans. This study investigated complexity of brain WM interior shape as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its relationship with upper-extremity (UE) motor function in patients post stroke. We hypothe...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.008
更新日期：2008-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured in cultured explants of myenteric plexus neurones by using the fluorescent calcium indicator Indol in combination with patch-clamp techniques. The basal [Ca2+]i was 94 nM and spontaneous oscillations in the internal free calcium concentration were recorde...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)90065-u
更新日期：1993-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The sometimes devastating mood swings of bipolar disorder are prevented by treatment with selected antiepileptic drugs, or with lithium. Abnormal membrane ion channel expression and excitability in brain neurons likely underlie bipolar disorder, but explaining therapeutic effects in these terms has faced an unresolved...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.021
更新日期：2010-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of the inhibitory transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on depolarizations elicited by the excitatory amino acid N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) was tested in neurons of organotypic neocortical tissue cultures (newborn rat) and in CA3 neurons of the hippocampal slice (guinea pig). Drugs were applied thr...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90737-v
更新日期：1990-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal MK-801 treatment from postnatal day 8-19 leads to long-term effects on brain function, suggesting that exposure to this drug leads to the development of a brain with immature network properties. One aspect of this hypothesis, that the NMDA receptors preserve their immature state after the treatment, has been ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)91152-5
更新日期：1994-11-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites in chick retina from 12 days in ovo to hatching, were visualized at the ultrastructural level by use of a 1:1 conjugate of horseradish peroxidase with alpha-bungarotoxin. At all stages binding sites in the inner plexiform layer were localized in synapses, predominantly on or near the p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(80)90774-x
更新日期：1980-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Although transsynaptic tracing with peripheral injection of pseudorabies virus (PRV) has been extensively characterized, several methodological issues related to central application of this tracer have not been addressed. In the present study, we addressed the following three issues by using microinjection of a cockta...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01680-7
更新日期：1999-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate whether β-amyloid (Aβ) was able to enhance neurocan expression in a Sox9 dependent manner in astrocytes. METHODS AND MATERIALS:Astrocytes were incubated with Aβ at different concentrations, the expression of Sox9 and neurocan was detected by Western blot assay. Meanwhile, the ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.010
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats exposed to stressors that cannot be controlled may develop a deficit in their ability to subsequently learn to control a new stressor. This phenomenon is known as 'learned helplessness' and is a well-accepted animal model of depression. Evidence is presented showing that rats having different directional biases o...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)91335-x
更新日期：1991-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:This study shows that in the choroid plexus of Rana esculenta particulate guanylate cyclase (GC) is appreciably stimulated by porcine brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Ultracytochemical tests for GC show that BNP notably increases the enzymatic reaction product along the apical surfaces of the epithelial cells. It can ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01178-1
更新日期：1995-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Brains of reptiles, Caiman crocodilus, were processed by standard immunocytochemical methodology using a polyclonal antibody to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) raised in rabbit and a polyclonal antibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) raised in sheep. No GABA(+) or GAD(+) cells or puncta were observed over any tha...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)90068-6
更新日期：1988-08-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents evokes excitatory cardiovascular reflexes. However, the exact regions in the brain that integrate these reflexes have not been identified. Expression of c-Fos in the neurons provides a useful marker of the activated neurons. In the present study, we examined the response of...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03259-0
更新日期：2002-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein phosphatases (PPs) regulate many substrates implicated in learning and memory. Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning, in which animals associate a novel taste paired with a toxin and subsequently avoid the taste, is dependent on several serine/threonine phosphatase substrates and the PP1-binding protein sp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.06.029
更新日期：2010-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocannabinoid system is a promising therapeutic target in a wide variety of diseases. However, the non-desirable psychotropic effects of natural and synthetic cannabinoids have largely counteracted their clinical usefulness. These effects are mostly mediated by cannabinoid receptors of the CB(1) type, that exhib...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.05.098
更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a critical structure involved in coordinating autonomic and visceral activities. Previous independent studies have demonstrated efferent projections from the NTS to the nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CNA) in rat brain. To further ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.051
更新日期：2006-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective properties of the novel imidazoquinoline benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist, PNU-101017, in the gerbil forebrain ischemia model. The compound effectively reduces delayed post-ischemic (5 min bilateral carotid occlusion) hippocampal CA1 neuronal degeneration eve...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00478-8
更新日期：1998-07-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The lamination of the hippocampus in the homozygous B6CBA weaver mouse (wv/wv) was compared with that in normal B6CBA littermates (+/+) and C57BL/6J mice using Nissl and Timm's staining. In Nissl-stained preparations, the normal littermates exhibit a compact, regular arrangement of pyramidal cells in area CA3 of the h...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)00974-u
更新日期：1995-10-23 00:00:00
abstract：:In the electrophysiologic test of the hindlimb withdrawal reflex where the long latency component is found to be dependent on noradrenaline (NA), implants of fetal NA tissue in lesioned animals result in a recovery of NA dependent function proportional to the number of catecholamine fluorescent cells in the implants. ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90396-s
更新日期：1990-02-05 00:00:00
