Abstract:
:The cardinal features of asthma include pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Classically, asthma, specifically allergic asthma, has been attributed to a hyperactive Th2 cell immune response. However, the Th2 cell-mediated inflammation model has failed to adequately explain many of the clinical and molecular aspects of asthma. In addition, the outcomes of Th2-targeted therapeutic trials have been disappointing. Thus, asthma is now believed to be a complex and heterogeneous disorder, with several molecular mechanisms underlying the airway inflammation and AHR that is associated with asthma. The original classification of Th1 and Th2 pathways has recently been expanded to include additional effector Th cell subsets. These include Th17, Th9 and Treg cells. Emerging data highlight the involvement of these new Th cell subsets in the initiation and augmentation of airway inflammation and asthmatic responses. We now review the roles of these recently classified effector Th cell subsets in asthmatic inflammation and the insights they may provide in addition to the traditional Th2 paradigm. The hope is that a clearer understanding of the inflammatory pathways involved and the mediators of inflammation will yield better targeted therapeutics.
journal_name
Immunol Investjournal_title
Immunological investigationsauthors
Durrant DM,Metzger DWdoi
10.3109/08820131003615498subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
526-49issue
4-5eissn
0882-0139issn
1532-4311journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Background: Polymorphisms in T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) gene have been implicated in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases (ADs) with inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to perform meta-analyses for clarifying the relationship between them. Methods: All relevant case-control studies w...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1080/08820139.2019.1599009
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last 10 years many of the superantigens of the microbial world have been defined and the mechanisms of cellular interaction between lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells has been elucidated in great detail. The consequences of superantigen stimulation of the immune system, though less well defined, can be co...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820139709048933
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many years, isolation in tissue culture (TC) was considered the test of choice for diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Non-culture tests, such as direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) which detected chlamydial antigens in clinical specimens, made chlamydia diagnostic tests more w...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820139709048923
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid and accurate diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is imperative with the advent of effective antiviral therapy (gangiclovir, foscarnet, CMV hyperimmune globin). Applications of conventional cell culture (CC), shell vial assay (SV), serological testing, antigenemia assay (AG) as well as molecular methods ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139709022694
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed and relocated in the environment as a result of the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Many PAHs and their epoxides are highly toxic, mutagenic and/or carcinogenic to microorganisms as well as to higher systems including humans. BP is one of the most...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2015.1043669
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human tumors often progress and spread in spite of the presence of large numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with activated or memory cell phenotypes. The T cells in the microenvironment of human lung tumors fail to be activated in response to stimulation via the T cell receptor and CD28 under conditions that fully activ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08820130600755066
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) have been used as an immunomodulatory therapy in a variety of diseases. Several mechanisms of action have been proposed, one of which is interference with the cytokine network. We have investigated the effect of IVIg on the cytotoxicity of human TNF alpha. IVIg was capable of protect...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139709088541
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adoptive immunotherapy is an attractive cancer treatment modality due to its capacity to target primary and metastatic lesions with large numbers of tumor-reactive, cytotoxic lymphocytes. The inability of fully armed lymphocytes to traffic into sites of tumor has been proposed as a causal factor for the minimal succes...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820130701712867
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A colorimetric microadhesion assay that allows the quantitative determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-mediated homophilic cell adhesion to CEA immobilized on 96-well polyvinyl chloride plates is described. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with a full-length CEA cDNA were used as indicator cells....
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139409066832
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study determined whether tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to dengue. METHODS:a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted of the associations between the TNF-α (-308G/A) and IL-10 (-819C/T) polymorphisms and dengue. ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1080/08820139.2016.1248560
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid, quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease is described. The ELISA was standardized with the Falcon assay screening test (F.A.S.T.) system using a purified Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote fraction (PEF) obtained by ion exchange chromatography. The ELISA te...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139809070892
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electron microscopy (EM) is a valuable tool in diagnostic medicine, and in some cases, can be enhanced by immunological methods. A major medical application of EM, diagnostic virology, can frequently be augmented by employment of immunological reagents. Three immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) methods, aggregation, coati...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139709048913
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infections are a major cause of illness and death amongst elderly people. Peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes --which play a crucial role in host defence against viral infections--, are divided in subsets based upon the expression of several cell and activation markers. In senescence changes and variations in peripher...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139809070903
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, we reported the preparation and antigen-presenting properties of hybridoma B-cell clones obtained after fusing non-secreting, non-antigen presenting Balb/c 653-myeloma cells with non-immune SJL spleen cells. It was found that antigen presentation at the clonal level can be specific or non-specific, depending...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138909045785
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of apoptosis observed in lymphoid cells from HIV+ subjects is an important factor contributing to their massive depletion. Several studies have identified nitric oxide (NO) as one of the molecules involved in the apoptosis phenomenon observed during HIV infection. It has been shown that HIV-derived gp12...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/imm-100108163
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mannan binding lectin (MBL) deficiency has been associated with increased susceptibility to vaginitis in humans due to Candida albicans. In these studies we assessed the utility of recombinant human MBL (rhMBL) as a therapeutic against experimental C. albicans vaginitis. After intravenous treatment of uninfected mice ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2011.569627
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to investigate serum levels of immunosuppressive cytokines TGF beta 1 and VEGF and count of immune cells in peripheral blood in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients. METHODS:Blood samples were collected from 22 colorectal patients and 25 healthy controls before the sta...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2018.1480030
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central dogma of gene therapy relies on the application of novel therapeutic genes to treat or prevent diseases. The main types of vectors used for gene transfer are adenovirus, retrovirus, lentivirus, liposome, and adeno-associated virus vectors. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for the treatme...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820139.2016.1168831
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been reported in autoimmune diseases. However, their role in Behçet's disease (BD) and scleroderma remains inconclusive. Our aim was to evaluate vitamin D receptor (ApaI, TaqI) gene polymorphisms in relation to Behçet's disease and scleroderma i...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2016.1180302
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophil chemotactic defects have been reported previously in patients with hyper-IgE syndrome. Bi-allelic mutations in dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) gene usually cause an autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome phenotype. Data are lacking about expression of DOCK8 protein in neutrophils or the possible role of ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2019.1567533
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Grass pollen is a major cause of allergy throughout the world. The only treatment targeting the causes and not only the symptoms of allergy is specific immunotherapy (IT). A number of controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of IT in grass pollen allergic subjects, most using extracts of multiple grasses ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820131003796876
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD14 gene at position 159 has been implicated in susceptibility to infectious diseases. We sought to determine the association between CD14 C-159 T functional promoter polymorphism and brucellosis in Western Iranian population where the disease is endemic....
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820130600634568
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has become apparent that extreme environmental conditions of Antarctic continent alters many immune responses. The present study was conducted on 28th Indian Antarctic expeditioners. The investigations were carried out to explore the effect of multiple stresses like isolation, cold and UV exposure on human immunity...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2010.494194
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of many fibrosis-related diseases. However, little is known regarding the significance of ADAM17 as a biomarker for interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this study, by using the RT-PCR, western blotting and ELISA, we detected t...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2019.1660367
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Changes in cytokine expression have been frequently found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cytokine values outside the normal range may be somewhat related to common polymorphisms within cytokine genes. OBJECTIVE:The present study was designed to investigate the possible association betwee...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2017.1360343
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corneal transplant is the most common solid tissue transplant in humans. Advances in microsurgical techniques, eye banking and the use of corticosteroids have improved the success of corneal transplants. Over 65,000 corneal transplants are being performed worldwide annually. Most of these transplants are performed in ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820139.2014.910024
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmin activity induced by different concentrations of added urokinase (UK) in serum from 20 patients with AIDS (P) and 10 healthy control (HC) subjects was measured using the fibrin plate assay. 125I-fibrin coated 24 well plates were exposed to UK (0.34-6.8 ng/ml) or to trypsin (T) (2.5 micrograms/ml) in the presenc...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139209069370
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cancer immunotherapy, which is able to target specifically cancer cells without detrimental effects to normal cell functions, would serve as an ideal therapeutic modality, most of the randomized clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy have not demonstrated a meaningful survival benefit to cancer patients over...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820139.2013.857352
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endomyocardial biopsy is generally used to quantify heart allograft rejection and guide immunotherapy. Biopsy, however, is invasive, costly, and risky. Since rejection requires lymphocyte activation, the purpose of this study was to assess alternative methods to evaluate rejection dynamics by investigating serum level...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139609059287
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate the adjuvant potential of sulfated Radix Cyathulae officinalis Kuan polysaccharides (sRCPS) and their effects on specific cellular and humoral immune responses to hepatitis B subunit vaccine in mice. Our data demonstrated that sRCPS significantly promoted the rHBsAg-specific IgG, I...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2015.1009546
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00