Abstract:
:UV radiation is a potent DNA damaging agent and a known inducer of skin cancer in experimental animals. There is excellent scientific evidence to indicate that most non-melanoma human skin cancers are induced by repeated exposure to sunlight. UV radiation is unique in that it induces DNA damage that differs from the lesions induced by any other carcinogen. The prevalence of skin cancer on sun-exposed body sites in individuals with the inherited disorder XP suggests that defective repair of UV-induced DNA damage can lead to cancer induction. Carcinogenesis in the skin, as elsewhere, is a multistep process in which a series of genetic and epigenetic events leads to the emergence of a clone of cells that have escaped normal growth control mechanisms. The principal candidates that are involved in these events are oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Oncogenes display a positive effect on transformation, whereas tumor suppressor genes have an essentially negative effect, blocking transformation. Activated ras oncogenes have been identified in human skin cancers. In most cases, the mutations in the ras oncogenes have been localized to pyrimidine-rich sequences, which indicates that these sites are probably the targets for UV-induced DNA damage and subsequent mutation and transformation. The finding that activation of ras oncogenes in benign and self-regressing keratoacanthomas in both humans and in animals indicates that they play a role in the early stages of carcinogenesis (Corominas et al., 1989; Kumar et al., 1990). Since cancers do not arise immediately after exposure to physical or chemical carcinogens, ras oncogenes must remain latent for long periods of time. Tumor growth and progression into the more malignant stages may require additional events involving activation of other oncogenes or deletion of growth suppressor genes. In addition, amplification of proto-oncogenes or other genes may also be involved in tumor induction or progression. In contrast to the few studies that implicate the involvement of oncogenes in UV carcinogenesis, the role of tumor suppressor genes in UV carcinogenesis is unknown. Since cancer-prone individuals, particularly XP patients, lack one or more repair pathways, one can speculate that DNA repair enzymes would confer susceptibility to both spontaneous and environmentally induced cancers. Another potential candidate that can function as a tumor suppressor gene is the normal c-Ha-ras gene. Spandidos and Wilkie (1988) have shown that the normal c-Ha-ras gene can suppress transformation induced by the mutated ras gene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
Photochem Photobioljournal_title
Photochemistry and photobiologyauthors
Ananthaswamy HN,Pierceall WEdoi
10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb08452.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-12-01 00:00:00pages
1119-36issue
6eissn
0031-8655issn
1751-1097journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The effect of netropsin on the oxidative reactions of duplex DNA was examined. One-electron oxidation of DNA creates a radical cation that migrates through duplex DNA and reacts primarily at GG steps. Netropsin is a dication that specifically binds primarily by hydrogen bonding in the minor groove at sites that have f...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2004)080<0456:EONOOO>2.0.CO;2
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aqueous solutions of KI were examined for use as chemical actinometers to measure 254 nm (germicidal) radiation. Irradiation results in electron ejection from iodide such that aqueous electrons and iodine atoms are formed. In the presence of N2O, an electron scavenger, recombination of these two reactive species is el...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04986.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.12215
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.12150
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb09896.x
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb02981.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the role of the Golgi apparatus in photodynamic therapy-induced apoptosis, its signaling pathway was studied after photodynamic treatment of human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa, in which a photosensitizer, 2,4,5,7-tetrabromorhodamine 123 bromide (TBR), was incorporated into the Golgi apparatus. Laser scan...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2003)078<0241:cacacb>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb03657.x
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02460.x
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 社论
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更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.13024
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2003)078<0337:ddarig>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photodegradation of the herbicide clomazone in the presence of S(2)O(8) (2-) or of humic substances of different origin was investigated. A value of (9.4 +/- 0.4) x 10(8) m(-1) s(-1) was measured for the bimolecular rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radicals with clomazone in flash-photolysis experiments. ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00467.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0327:fqyatr>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2003)077<0638:eopinc>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.12472
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01702.x
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/php.12712
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01006.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00237.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb08475.x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation has been shown to induce inflammation, DNA damage, p53 mutations and alterations in signaling pathways eventually leading to skin cancer. In this study, we investigated whether fisetin reduces inflammatory responses and modulates PI3K/AKT/NFκB cell survival signaling pathways in UVB...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.12337
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2003)077<0129:plotnm>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00