Whole grain intake compared with cereal fibre intake in association to CVD risk factors: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (UK).

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To investigate how intakes of whole grains and cereal fibre were associated to risk factors for CVD in UK adults. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analyses examined associations between whole grain and cereal fibre intakes and adiposity measurements, serum lipid concentrations, C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, HbA1c, homocysteine and a combined CVD relative risk score. SETTING:The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Programme 2008-2014. PARTICIPANTS:A nationally representative sample of 2689 adults. RESULTS:Participants in the highest quartile (Q4) of whole grain intake had lower waist-hip ratio (Q1 0·872; Q4 0·857; P = 0·04), HbA1c (Q1 5·66 %; Q4 5·47 %; P = 0·01) and homocysteine (Q1 9·95 µmol/l; Q4 8·76 µmol/l; P = 0·01) compared with participants in the lowest quartile (Q1), after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors, including cereal fibre intake. Whole grain intake was inversely associated with C-reactive protein using multivariate analysis (P = 0·02), but this was not significant after final adjustment for cereal fibre. Cereal fibre intake was also inversely associated with waist-hip ratio (P = 0·03) and homocysteine (P = 0·002) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Similar inverse associations between whole grain and cereal fibre intakes to CVD risk factors suggest the relevance of cereal fibre in the protective effects of whole grains. However, whole grain associations often remained significant after adjusting for cereal fibre intake, suggesting additional constituents may be relevant. Intervention studies are needed to compare cereal fibre intake from non-whole grain sources to whole grain intake.

journal_name

Public Health Nutr

journal_title

Public health nutrition

authors

Barrett EM,Amoutzopoulos B,Batterham MJ,Ray S,Beck EJ

doi

10.1017/S1368980019004221

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1392-1403

issue

8

eissn

1368-9800

issn

1475-2727

pii

S1368980019004221

journal_volume

23

pub_type

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