Approaches to Defining Common and Dissociable Neurobiological Deficits Associated With Psychopathology in Youth.

Abstract:

:Psychiatric disorders show high rates of comorbidity and nonspecificity of presenting clinical symptoms, while demonstrating substantial heterogeneity within diagnostic categories. Notably, many of these psychiatric disorders first manifest in youth. We review progress and next steps in efforts to parse heterogeneity in psychiatric symptoms in youths by identifying abnormalities within neural circuits. To address this fundamental challenge in psychiatry, a number of methods have been proposed. We provide an overview of these methods, broadly organized into dimensional versus categorical approaches and single-view versus multiview approaches. Dimensional approaches including factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis aim to capture dimensional associations between psychopathology and brain measures across a continuous spectrum from health to disease. In contrast, categorical approaches, such as clustering and community detection, aim to identify subtypes of individuals within a class of symptoms or brain features. We highlight several studies that apply these methods to samples of youths and discuss issues to consider when using these approaches. Finally, we end by highlighting avenues for future research.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Kaczkurkin AN,Moore TM,Sotiras A,Xia CH,Shinohara RT,Satterthwaite TD

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-07-01 00:00:00

pages

51-62

issue

1

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(19)31956-0

journal_volume

88

pub_type

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