Depressive Rumination, the Default-Mode Network, and the Dark Matter of Clinical Neuroscience.

Abstract:

:The intuitive association between self-focused rumination in major depressive disorder (MDD) and the self-referential operations performed by the brain's default-mode network (DMN) has prompted interest in examining the role of the DMN in MDD. In this article, we present meta-analytic findings showing reliably increased functional connectivity between the DMN and subgenual prefrontal cortex (sgPFC)-connectivity that often predicts levels of depressive rumination. We also present meta-analytic findings that, while there is reliably increased regional cerebral blood flow in sgPFC in MDD, no such abnormality has been reliably observed in nodes of the DMN. We then detail a model that integrates the body of research presented. In this model, we propose that increased functional connectivity between sgPFC and the DMN in MDD represents an integration of the self-referential processes supported by the DMN with the affectively laden, behavioral withdrawal processes associated with sgPFC-an integration that produces a functional neural ensemble well suited for depressive rumination and that, in MDD, abnormally taxes only sgPFC and not the DMN. This synthesis explains a broad array of existing data concerning the neural substrates of depressive rumination and provides an explicit account of functional abnormalities in sgPFC in MDD.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Hamilton JP,Farmer M,Fogelman P,Gotlib IH

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-08-15 00:00:00

pages

224-30

issue

4

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(15)00143-2

journal_volume

78

pub_type

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