Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with many diseases including depression, but it remains unclear whether this association is causal. We tested the hypothesis that CRP is causally associated with depression, and compared these results to those for cancer, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and all-cause mortality. METHODS:We performed prospective and instrumental variable analyses using plasma CRP levels and four CRP genotypes on 78,809 randomly selected 20- to 100-year-old men and women from the Danish general population. End points included hospitalization or death with depression and somatic diseases, prescription antidepressant medication use, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS:A doubling in plasma CRP yielded an observed odds ratio (OR) of 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-1.33) for hospitalization or death with depression, whereas for genetically elevated CRP, the causal OR was .79 (95% CI: .51-1.22; observed vs. causal estimate, p = .03). For prescription antidepressant medication use, corresponding ORs were 1.12 (1.11-1.15) and .98 (.83-1.15; p = .08). These results were similar to those for risk of cancer (p = .002), ischemic heart disease (p = 4 × 10(-99)), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 6 × 10(-86)), and all-cause mortality (p = .001) examined in the same individuals. CONCLUSIONS:Elevated CRP was associated with increased risk of depression in individuals in the general population, but genetically elevated CRP was not. This indicates that CRP per se is not a causal risk factor for depression.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Wium-Andersen MK,Orsted DD,Nordestgaard BGdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.10.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-08-01 00:00:00pages
249-57issue
3eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(13)00916-5journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Research published in the past decade that used quantitative indices to evaluate the waking EEG characteristics of depressed patients is reviewed. Methodological problems that make results of different research laboratories difficult to compare include diagnostic heterogeneity of depressed groups, lack of inclusion of...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(90)90591-o
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abstract：BACKGROUND:Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder (trisomy 21 in 96% of cases), associated with an excess of a key enzyme involved with free radical metabolism (FRM), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), that is encoded by a gene on chromosome 21. Consequently, SOD-1 activity is elevated in DS, which also occurs in condit...
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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doi：
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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doi：
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
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pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1995-02-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00476-9
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.06.030
更新日期：2020-07-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2002-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.02.033
更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01221-5
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(90)90455-b
更新日期：1990-10-15 00:00:00
