Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We determined racial/ethnic differences in social support and exposure to violence and transphobia, and explored correlates of depression among male-to-female transgender women with a history of sex work (THSW). METHODS:A total of 573 THSW who worked or resided in San Francisco or Oakland, California, were recruited through street outreach and referrals and completed individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS:More than half of Latina and White participants were depressed on the basis of Center For Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores. About three quarters of White participants reported ever having suicidal ideation, of whom 64% reported suicide attempts. Half of the participants reported being physically assaulted, and 38% reported being raped or sexually assaulted before age 18 years. White and African American participants reported transphobia experiences more frequently than did others. Social support, transphobia, suicidal ideation, and levels of income and education were significantly and independently correlated with depression. CONCLUSIONS:For THSW, psychological vulnerability must be addressed in counseling, support groups, and health promotion programs specifically tailored to race/ethnicity.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Nemoto T,Bödeker B,Iwamoto Mdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2010.197285subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
1980-8issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
AJPH.2010.197285journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the correlates of clinical gallbladder disease among US adults and whether serum ascorbic acid levels are associated with a decreased prevalence of gallbladder disease. METHODS:Cross-sectional analyses of data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were conducte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.8.1208
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the organization and performance of outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) centers. We examine several performance measures of OSAT units, including clients treated, services provided, revenue sources, financial performance, and access to care, in relation to ownership of the cente...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.5.711
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to examine the extent to which children in the child welfare system receive mental health care consistent with national standards. METHODS:We used data from 4 waves (3 years of follow-up) of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the nation's first longitudinal study of children i...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.151472
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We used a community-based research approach to test a culturally based breast cancer screening program among low-income Hmong women in central and southern California. METHODS:We designed a culturally informed educational program with measures at baseline and 1-year follow-up in 2 intervention cities and 1 ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.143974
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the association between leisure time physical activity and cause-specific mortality among male Whitehall Study participants with chronic bronchitis. METHODS:Rate ratios were calculated for 4 mortality outcomes, according to level of activity and baseline bronchitis status, in a 25-year f...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.5.817
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We explored the relationship between social isolation and mortality in a nationally representative US sample and compared the predictive power of social isolation with that of traditional clinical risk factors. METHODS:We used data on 16,849 adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Su...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301261
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between 4 low-risk behaviors-never smoked, healthy diet, adequate physical activity, and moderate alcohol consumption-and mortality in a representative sample of people in the United States. METHODS:We used data from 16958 participants aged 17 years and older in the National Hea...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300167
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe changes in infant mortality rates, including birthweight-specific rates and rates by age at death and cause. METHODS:We analyzed US linked birth/infant-death data for 1989-1991 and 1998-2000 for American Indians/Alaska Native (AIAN) and White singleton infants at > or =20 weeks' gestation born t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.053744
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We developed a process through which community outreach workers, whose role is not typically that of a trained researcher, could actively participate in collection of qualitative evaluation data. METHODS:Outreach workers for a community-based intervention project received training in qualitative research me...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300263
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate racial/ethnic and gender inequities in the compensation and benefits of US health care workers and assess the potential impact of a $15-per-hour minimum wage on their economic well-being. METHODS:Using the 2017 Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey, we compare...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304801
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate racial/ethnic and language differences in the effectiveness of the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (MA-CORD) study among children aged 2 to 4 years enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). METHODS:We performed a mult...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304511
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of morbidity was made in 11 kibbutzim (cooperative agricultural settlements), with a total population of 3,040, that had switched from nonwastewater to wastewater sprinkler irrigation or vice versa. Generally, partially treated stabilization pond effluent of poor microbial quality was used for irrigation. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.8.977
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As successes mount in reducing commercial tobacco use, an alarming disparity has taken shape in Minnesota. Recent studies revealed that overall smoking rates have dropped to 14%, whereas American Indians' rates remain higher than 50%. With support from ClearWay Minnesota, the organization created from the state's toba...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303125
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether differences exist in the performance of United States Medical Graduate (USMG) and Foreign Medical Graduate (FMG) House Staff physicians, inpatient hospital audits evaluating individual physician performance on patient histories and physical examinations were conducted in 14 Maryland and Pennsylvan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.1.23
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Men entering gay bars in three small southern cities were administered questionnaires to assess AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) risk knowledge, perceived norms concerning the social acceptability of AIDS risk precautions, and personal sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent (N = 355) of male patrons completed...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.4.416
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study assessed seroprevalence rates of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with severe mental illness. METHODS:Participants (n = 931) were patients undergoing inpatient or outpatient treatment in Connecticut, Maryland, New Hampshire, or North Carolina. RESULTS:T...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.1.31
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper offers suggestions to adi the selection of appropriate instruments and data gathering methods for studies that require measures of personal health status applicable in general populations. Before selecting measures, the reason for studying health status must be identified. Next, definitional issues arise wh...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.6.620
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated rates of discontinuation of the recently introduced injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and postdiscontinuation rates of unprotected intercourse and unintended pregnancy. METHODS:A sample of 402 low-income, urban, minority women were interviewed when the...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.9.1532
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated changing patterns of tobacco use following a period of forced tobacco abstinence in a US military cohort to determine rates of harm elimination (e.g., tobacco cessation), harm reduction (e.g., from smoking to smokeless tobacco use), and harm escalation (e.g., from smoking to dual use or from smo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.175091
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the roles of Doctors of Podiatric Medicine (DPMs) and orthopedic surgeons in the provision of foot surgery by analyzing the 1982 computerized claims of over 1.1 million federal employees, retirees, and family members. We found that DPMs provided over 60 per cent of all elective insured foot surgery. Withou...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.8.987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether state-sponsored antitobacco advertisements are associated with reduced adult smoking, and interactions between smoking-related advertising types. METHODS:We measured mean exposure to smoking-related advertisements with television ratings for the top-75 US media markets from 1999 to 2...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300443
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::State-level income inequality has been found to have an effect on individual health outcomes, even when controlled for important individual-level variables such as income, education, age, and gender. The effect of income inequality on health may not be immediate and may, in fact, have a substantial lag time between ex...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.134940
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the effect of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on psychomotor development of preschool-age children in a longitudinal study. METHODS:Pregnant women were interviewed about their alcohol consumption at their first visit to the maternity hospital in Roubaix, France. Alcohol consumptio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.12.1654
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study determined the validity of self-reported data on selected health insurance characteristics. METHODS:We obtained telephone survey data on the presence of health insurance, source of insurance, length of time insured, and type of insurance (managed care or fee-for-service) from a random sample of 3...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.6.924
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to determine the prevalence of at-risk drinking using varying alcohol use criteria. METHODS:A period prevalence survey was conducted in 22 primary care practices (n = 19372 adults). RESULTS:The frequency of at-risk alcohol use varied from 7.5% (World Health Organization criteria) to...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.1.90
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper uses claims data from a universal health care system to describe physicians' hospitalization styles after adjusting for case-mix characteristics of their primary patients. Patients were uniquely assigned to that physician (general or family practitioners, internist, general surgeon, or obstetrician/gynecolo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.1.45
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessments of the consequences of deinstitutionalization tend to focus primarily on observable changes in psychiatric services. Equally critical, and less often noted, are changes in the target population of deinstitutionalization that have accrued as the result of new service initiatives and changing loci of care. Y...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.4.382
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study compared success in smoking cessation by sex, ethnic status, and birth cohort. METHODS:African and European American respondents to the 1996 Current Population Survey (tobacco supplement) and the 1987 National Health Interview Survey (cancer control and cancer epidemiology supplements) constitute...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.6.961
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the home-facility and level of care changes, discharges, and deaths over a five-year period for 1,653 clients newly admitted in 1978 to a long-term care program in British Columbia, Canada. Five years after admission, of clients initially admitted to care at home (N = 1241), 34.3 per cent were still...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.11.1312
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00