Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:To describe changes in infant mortality rates, including birthweight-specific rates and rates by age at death and cause. METHODS:We analyzed US linked birth/infant-death data for 1989-1991 and 1998-2000 for American Indians/Alaska Native (AIAN) and White singleton infants at > or =20 weeks' gestation born to US residents. We calculated birthweight-specific infant mortality rates (deaths in each birthweight category per 1000 live births in that category), and overall and cause-specific infant mortality rates (deaths per 100000 live births) in infancy (0-364 days) and in the neonatal (0-27 days) and postneonatal (28-364 days) periods. RESULTS:Birthweight-specific infant mortality rates declined among AIAN and White infants across all birthweight categories, but AIAN infants generally had higher birthweight-specific infant mortality rates. Infant mortality rates declined for both groups, yet in 1998-2000, AIAN infants were still 1.7 times more likely to die than White infants. Most of the disparity was because of elevated post-neonatal mortality, especially from sudden infant death syndrome, accidents, and pneumonia and influenza. CONCLUSIONS:Although birthweight-specific infant mortality rates and infant mortality rates declined among both AIAN and White infants, disparities in infant mortality persist. Preventable causes of infant mortality identified in this analysis should be targeted to reduce excess deaths among AIAN communities.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Tomashek KM,Qin C,Hsia J,Iyasu S,Barfield WD,Flowers LMdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2004.053744subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-01 00:00:00pages
2222-7issue
12eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
AJPH.2004.053744journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to estimate rates of cervical cancer and Papanicolaou testing among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women in Manitoba, Canada. METHODS:Data were derived through linking of administrative databases. RESULTS:In comparison with non-Aboriginal women, Aboriginal women had 1.8 and 3.6 times the a...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.9.1466
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of a safety training regulation, implemented by the US Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) in 1999, on injury rates at stone, sand, and gravel mining operations. METHODS:We applied a time-series design and analyses with quarterly counts of nonfatal inju...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.178301
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate 3 single-item screening measures for limited health literacy in a community-based population of English and Spanish speakers. METHODS:We recruited 324 English and 314 Spanish speakers from a community research registry in Dallas, Texas, enrolled between 2009 and 2012. We used 3 screening measure...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303092
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of a low-intensity work-site heart disease risk reduction program using a matched pair design with work site as the unit of analysis. METHODS:Twenty-six heterogeneous work sites with between 125 and 750 employees were matched on key organizati...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.2.209
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We describe common surgical and medical hospital admission rates for Maryland residents, exploring systematic effects of race and income. METHODS:The data comprise Maryland hospital discharges and population estimates for 1985 to 1987. Patient income is the race-specific median family income of residence zi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.11.1435
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among recent (0-9 years) and nonrecent (>/= 10 years) immigrant women in Canada to determine whether differences in IPV were associated with length of stay in Canada. METHODS:We analyzed data from the 1999 General Social Survey, a national cross-s...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.046409
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight matched men's and women's intercollegiate varsity teams were studied prospectively for one academic year to determine the incidence of athletic injury and resulting disability. Sports in which both men and women participated in a comparable manner were chosen: basketball, fencing, gymnastics, swimming, tennis, i...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.12.1459
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We analyzed the impact of Connecticut legislation incentivizing voluntary school district-level elimination of unhealthy competitive foods on National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participation. METHODS:We analyzed data on free, reduced, and paid participation in the NSLP from 904 schools within 154 Connecti...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301331
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cape Town, South Africa experienced an upsurge in the level of political violence from May to July of 1986. To determine the impact of the political violence on health and health services, selected routinely available information was analyzed, a community survey was conducted of 1,540 randomly selected households in h...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.7.772
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We compared childbirth-related outcomes for Medicaid recipients who received prenatal education and childbirth support from trained doulas with outcomes from a national sample of similar women and estimated potential cost savings. METHODS:We calculated descriptive statistics for Medicaid-funded births natio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301201
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effectiveness of the Public Health Detailing Program in helping primary care providers and their staff to improve patient care on public health challenges. METHODS:We analyzed reported changes in clinical practice or behavior by examining providers' retention and implementation of recommend...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300622
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral health needs are urgent in rural states. Creative, broad-based, and collaborative solutions can alleviate these needs. "Health commons" sites are enhanced, community-based, primary care safety net practices that include medical, behavioral, social, public, and oral health services. Successful intervention require...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.98.supplement_1.s89
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a decade-long resurgence, including a large cutaneous diphtheria outbreak in Washington State, the diphtheria incidence rate in the United States reached its lowest recorded level ever in 1980--two patients (0.01 case per million). Mortality paralleled the decline in incidence rate. Only 143 of the 3,141 US coun...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.12.1393
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nation-wide survey of Parent-Inclusive Pediatric Units identified innovations and restrictions in policies and practices. Questionnaires mailed to Directors of Nursing Service at 84 general hospitals which encourage parental "living-in" indicated that parents are provided with a place to sleep but infrequently are o...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.68.9.847
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study is the first to provide complete information on prevalence rates by gender and geographic variation for each type of tobacco product used in the United States. Results indicate that, in nearly half of all states, total tobacco use in men exceeded 40% and, in four states, exceeded 50%. In women, only Nevada,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.1.103
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To quantify the association between personal and family history of criminal justice system (CJS) involvement (PHJI and FHJI, respectively), health outcomes, and health-related behaviors.Methods. We examined 2017 New York City Community Health Survey data (n = 10 005) with multivariable logistic regression....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305415
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To support efforts to improve urban population health, we created a City Health Dashboard with area-specific data on health status, determinants of health, and equity at city and subcity (census tract) levels. METHODS:We developed a Web-based resource that includes 37 metrics across 5 domains: social and ec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304903
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because there has been a recent trend toward delay of childbearing in the United States, women in the birth cohort of 1945-49 will have an estimated 5 per cent greater incidence of breast cancer, and those in the cohort of 1950-54 an estimated 9 per cent greater incidence compared with the cohort of 1935-39, which had...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.4.495
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We studied 5 members of the National Network Consortium on Tobacco Control in Priority Populations. These networks, which consist of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, targeted lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons; Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders; American Ind...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.184358
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated the feasibility of combining an online chain recruitment method (respondent-driven detection) and participatory surveillance panels to collect previously undetected information on infectious diseases via social networks of participants. METHODS:In 2014, volunteers from 2 large panels in the ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302717
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the 18-month incidence of tooth loss in a random sample of 451 dentate noninstitutionalized Iowans aged 65 and older residing in two rural counties. They had a mean of 19.0 teeth at baseline and lost an average of 0.4 teeth during the subsequent 18 months. Twenty-one per cent of the population ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.10.1330
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demands of equity and efficiency require a program of universal health insurance in the United States through which all workers will be provided by their employers with health insurance for themselves and their dependents, unemployment will no longer result in the loss of health insurance protection, and federal s...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.5.583
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined effects of New York and California's statewide smoke-free restaurant and bar policies on alcohol-related car crash fatalities. We used an interrupted time-series design from 1982 to 2008, with 312 monthly observations, to examine the effect of each state's law on single-vehicle-nighttime crashes and crashe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300906
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A coalition of mine operators has used a variety of tactics to obstruct scientific inquiry and impede public health action designed to protect underground miners from diesel particulate matter. These workers are exposed to the highest level of diesel particulate matter compared with any other occupational group. This ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.064410
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzed 30,194 incident cases and 4,301 death certificates for completeness of occupational reporting. Analysis of data accuracy was based upon a comparison of more than 2,000 death certificates with incident abstracts and 352 death certificates with interview data. Death certificates had a higher proporti...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.5.464
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An interview study of persons diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 1977 and 1981 and suitable control subjects was conducted to test the hypothesis that exposure to hair dyes increases the risk of multiple myeloma. Among women, there was little evidence that prior regular use of hair dyes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.0; 95...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.7.1142
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively identified 102 mechanically restrained hospital patients and determined their hospital course. The cohort was elderly, cognitively impaired with multiple chronic diseases. The in-hospital mortality was 21 percent. Nosocomial infection developed in 12 percent and new pressure sores in 22 percent. Prolo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.6.735
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present results from life history interviews with 60 young adults from southern Uganda. Using a novel qualitative case-control design, we compared newly HIV-positive cases with HIV-negative controls matched on age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Relationship context was the most salient theme diffe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301670
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of body fatness and leanness is examined in an ongoing prospective nutrition and growth study. Individual skinfold thicknesses, relative weights, weight gains, activity levels, and caloric intakes were examined at seven ages between 6 months and 9 years. Changes in body fatness in this group of childre...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.9.968
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined risk factors for injuries to nursing assistants from assaults by nursing home residents at both the individual and the organizational level. METHODS:We analyzed data from the 2004 National Nursing Assistant Survey that were linked to facility information from the 2004 National Nursing Home Surve...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.185421
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00