Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Little is known about the organization and performance of outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) centers. We examine several performance measures of OSAT units, including clients treated, services provided, revenue sources, financial performance, and access to care, in relation to ownership of the center. METHODS:Data were drawn from a national random sample of 575 OSAT centers (85.8% response rate) participating in a telephone survey conducted in 1988. Analysis of variance by ownership was conducted on each performance measure, with differences subjected to tests of statistical significance. RESULTS:Descriptive results show that major funding sources differ by ownership. Private for-profit centers generate higher profits, charge higher prices, and achieve higher levels of financial performance than public and not-for-profit centers. Public centers provide better access to care for persons who are unable to pay. CONCLUSIONS:There appear to be substantial and interrelated differences by ownership type in the financing and operation of OSAT units.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Wheeler JR,Fadel H,D'Aunno TAdoi
10.2105/ajph.82.5.711subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-05-01 00:00:00pages
711-8issue
5eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A federal standard for fuel tank integrity in cars was applied to 1977 and subsequent models. National data indicate that fatalities per 10,000 occupants in rear-end crashes of small cars, where fire was the most harmful event, were reduced by approximately 57% if the fuel tank was located behind the rear axle and 77%...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.8.1168
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the effect of the ACA expansion of dependents' coverage on health care expenditures and utilization for young adults by race/ethnicity. METHODS:We used difference-in-difference models to estimate the impact of the ACA expansion on health care expenditures, out-of-pocket payments (OOP) as a shar...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302542
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:It is widely believed that risk factors identified in previous epidemiologic studies accurately predict adolescent drug use. Comparative studies are needed to determine how risk factors vary in prevalence, distribution, sensitivity, and pattern across the major US ethnic/racial groups. METHODS:Baseline ques...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.2.185
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the 47 states that participated in a 1983 survey of State Health Departments, 30 were found to have public health standards in place or started. Most states' standards emphasize the range of services to be provided, but substantial variations were found in how standards are formulated, adopted, and used by state an...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.6.649
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined a project designed to improve the health and wellness of employees of Brabantia, a Dutch manufacturer of household goods, by means of lifestyle changes and changes in working conditions. METHODS:The workers at one Brabantia site constituted the experimental group, and the workers from tw...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.7.1037
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined absence rates among US Department of Energy workers who had beryllium sensitization (BeS) or were diagnosed with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) compared with those of other workers. METHODS:We used the lymphocyte proliferation test to determine beryllium sensitivity. In addition, we app...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302132
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated sexual orientation disparities in Papanicolaou screening among US women aged 21 to 44 years (n = 9581) in the 2006 to 2010 National Survey of Family Growth. The odds ratios for lesbian versus heterosexual women and women with no versus only male sexual partners were 0.40 and 0.32, respectively, and wer...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301548
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated a community-based 12-week healthy lifestyle program in Moloka'i, HI, called Ke 'Ano Ola, which was developed to decrease chronic disease risk through health education emphasizing weight loss, exercise, and risk factor reduction. Program leaders' strong commitment and positive role modeling, along with soc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.176222
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the effectiveness of dietary advice in primary prevention of chronic disease. METHODS:A meta-analysis was conducted of 17 randomized controlled trials of dietary behavior interventions of at least 3 months' duration. Results were analyzed as changes in reported dietary fat intakes and b...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.9.1415
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Entrenched poor health and health inequity are important public health problems. Conventionally, solutions to such problems originate from the health care sector, a conception reinforced by the dominant biomedical imagination of health. By contrast, attention to the social determinants of health has recently been give...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.154856
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intravenous drug use has played a key role in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Standardized surveillance of HIV infection among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) is needed to determine HIV prevalence rates, to monitor changes in prevalence over time, and to describe behaviors associated with HIV...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.4.541
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To inform a prevention strategy, this study determined the prevalence of and attitudes toward smoking among Chinese secondary school students. METHODS:Self-completion questionnaires were administered to 13- to 18-year-olds attending school in Zhejiang Province, eastern China. RESULTS:Of the 6674 respondent...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.10.1653
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of school-based health centers-which provide essential health care for students by aiming to eliminate many access barriers-on health care access disparities and conducted a cost-benefit analysis. METHODS:We employed a longitudinal quasi-experimental repeated-measures design. Primary...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.185181
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports of physical morbidity are compared among a community sample of Los Angeles County adults (N = 546) randomly assigned to either in-person or telephone interviews. No statistically significant differences were found between the two interview methods for overall assessment of health status, illnesses reported for...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.72.9.1017
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study, using data abstracted between 1983 and 1987 from a large perinatal registry, was conducted to explore the relationship between smoking and ectopic pregnancy. Women with ectopic pregnancy (n = 634) seen at University of Illinois Perinatal Network Hospitals were compared to women who were delivered...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.9.1239
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to define, among sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees, (1) patterns of sex partner selection, (2) relative risks for gonococcal or chlamydial infection associated with each mixing pattern, and (3) selected links and potential and actual bridge populations. METHODS:Mixing mat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.825
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the effectiveness of child restraints in preventing death during motor vehicle collisions among children 3 years or younger. METHODS:We conducted a matched cohort study using Fatality Analysis Reporting System data from 1996 to 2005. We estimated death risk ratios using conditional Poisson regr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.131128
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addiction is a complex brain disease with frequently overlapping expressions involving nicotine, alcohol, and other drugs. Yet current health care practices, public policies, and national treatment data too often exclude nicotine or address its use as completely separate from other forms of substance use and addiction...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301448
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This paper measured the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has spread among the male working-class population of Santos, Brazil. METHODS:Questionnaires on risk behaviors and blood tests were administered to a random sample (n = 395) of male port workers employed by the Santos Port ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.8_pt_1.1158
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to understand how the tobacco industry uses "youth smoking prevention" programs in Latin America. We analyzed tobacco industry documents, so-called "social reports," media reports, and material provided by Latin American public health advocates. Since the early 1990s, multinational tobacco companies have pro...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.094128
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Men entering gay bars in three small southern cities were administered questionnaires to assess AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) risk knowledge, perceived norms concerning the social acceptability of AIDS risk precautions, and personal sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent (N = 355) of male patrons completed...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.4.416
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because there has been a recent trend toward delay of childbearing in the United States, women in the birth cohort of 1945-49 will have an estimated 5 per cent greater incidence of breast cancer, and those in the cohort of 1950-54 an estimated 9 per cent greater incidence compared with the cohort of 1935-39, which had...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.4.495
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the factors influencing delay in seeking abortion and the outcomes for women denied abortion care because of gestational age limits at abortion facilities. METHODS:We compared women who presented for abortion care who were under the facilities' gestational age limits and received an abortion (n ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301378
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This prospective study examined the effect of tobacco marketing on progression to established smoking. METHODS:Massachusetts adolescents (n = 529) who at baseline had smoked no more than 1 cigarette were reinterviewed by telephone in 1997. Analyses examined the effect of receptivity to tobacco marketing at ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.3.407
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::As one element of Baltimore's effort to combat its high rate of teenage pregnancy, the Baltimore City Health Department added the implantable contraceptive Norplant to the array of services offered at one of its school-based health centers in early 1993. The initial findings with the adolescents who received this cont...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.3.309
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the importance of grassroots social movements, or "change from below," in the history of US reform, the relationship between social movements and demands for universal health care is a critical one. National health reform campaigns in the 20th century were initiated and run by elites more concerned with def...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.1.75
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate trends in rates of personal belief exemptions (PBEs) to immunization requirements for private kindergartens in California that practice alternative educational methods. METHODS:We used California Department of Public Health data on kindergarten PBE rates from 2000 to 2014 to compare annual avera...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303498
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the costs associated with reducing class sizes in kindergarten through grade 3 as well as the effects of small class sizes on selected outcomes such as quality-adjusted life-years and future earnings. METHODS:We used multiple data sets to predict changes in the outcomes assessed according to le...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.105478
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated HCV incidence among individuals who repeatedly underwent anti-HCV testing. METHODS:We studied HCV-negative individuals who had at least 2 tests between April 1992 and September 2012 in British Columbia, Canada. We calculated incidence as the number of new infections per 100 person-years at risk...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302591
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed whether local health departments (LHDs) were conducting obesity prevention programs and diabetes screening programs, and we examined associations between LHD characteristics and whether they conducted these programs. METHODS:We used the 2005 National Profile of Local Health Departments to conduc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.168831
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00