Abstract:
:This paper uses claims data from a universal health care system to describe physicians' hospitalization styles after adjusting for case-mix characteristics of their primary patients. Patients were uniquely assigned to that physician (general or family practitioners, internist, general surgeon, or obstetrician/gynecologist) seen most frequently over each two two-year periods (1972-74 and 1974-76). Four indices were developed including: 1) percentage of primary patients hospitalized; 2) mean number of readmissions for such patients; 3) mean length of stay; and 4) total days of hospitalization per primary care patient (a summary measure combining the first three). Rates of admission, not length of stay, were shown to be strongly related to this summary measure. Marked variations in the hospitalization indices were observed across physicians; these variations cannot be explained by the health or sociodemographic characteristics of a physician's patients. Rural physicians practicing in areas with high bed-to-population ratios and low occupancy rates were particularly high users of hospitals. The economic implications of different practice styles are shown to be large; physicians who were high users of hospitals serve 27 per cent of the patients but their patients consume 42 per cent of the hospital days.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Roos NP,Flowerdew G,Wajda A,Tate RBdoi
10.2105/ajph.76.1.45subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
45-51issue
1eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Objectives. To comprehensively assess asthma disparities and identify correlates in youths at the intersections of sex, sexual identity, and race/ethnicity in the United States.Methods. We obtained a diverse sample of youths (n = 307 073) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305664
更新日期:2020-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the relationship between health care system and economic factors and early childhood caries (ECC) data availability and prevalence. METHODS:We estimated ECC data for 193 United Nations countries from studies published between 2007 and 2017. We obtained other variables from the World Health Organiz...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304466
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data System. The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is an ongoing state-based surveillance system of maternal behaviors, attitudes, and experiences before, during, and shortly after pregnancy. PRAMS is conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Reproductive Health in col...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304563
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The French health system combines universal coverage with a public-private mix of hospital and ambulatory care and a higher volume of service provision than in the United States. Although the system is far from perfect, its indicators of health status and consumer satisfaction are high; its expenditures, as a share of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.1.31
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the effect of birth cohort on incidence rates of hip fracture among women and men in the Framingham Study. METHODS:Age-specific incidence rates of first hip fracture were presented according to tertile of year of birth for 5209 participants of the Framingham Study, a population-based coh...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.5.858
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current theoretical approaches to bioethics and public health ethics propose varied justifications as the basis for health care and public health, yet none captures a fundamental reality: people seek good health and the ability to pursue it. Existing models do not effectively address these twin goals. The approach I e...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.143651
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study was undertaken to examine popular press reports of the association between alcohol and breast cancer. METHODS:Articles from scientific journals and stories from newspapers and magazines published from January 1, 1985, to July 1, 1992, were retrieved from six on-line databases. Lay press stories w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.8_pt_1.1082
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To explore whether and how the Affordable Care Act (ACA) affects the relationship between employment and health insurance coverage, health care utilization, and health outcomes among recently incarcerated men aged 18 to 64 years in the United States.Methods. With data from the National Survey on Drug Use a...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305419
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed which types of mass media messages might reduce disparities in smoking prevalence among disadvantaged population subgroups. METHODS:We followed 1491 adult smokers over 24 months and related quitting status at follow-up to exposure to antismoking ads in the 2 years prior to the baseline assessmen...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.161638
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study determined factors associated with drug resistance among 3496 patients with tuberculosis who resided in Texas counties along the Mexican border. METHODS:Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with drug resistance. RESULTS:Among patients wit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.2.271
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined whether Medicaid beneficiaries are more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage cervical cancer than women not enrolled in Medicaid. METHODS:Using the California Cancer Registry-Medicaid linked file, we identified 4682 women diagnosed during 1996-1999 with invasive cervical cancer. Multivariate l...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.072553
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to quantify the potential health impact of selected medical and nonmedical policy changes within the United States. METHODS:Using data from the 1997-2000 National Health Interview Surveys (linked to mortality data through 2002) and the 1996-2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, we calculated age...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165019
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five years after the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the mental health of women who had been pregnant and living within 10 miles of Three Mile Island at the time of the accident was similar to that of women from the same area who became pregnant after the accident. Ratings of the development of the two groups of c...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.3.384
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to identify circumstances in which biochemical assessments of smoking produce systematically higher or lower estimates of smoking than self-reports. A secondary aim was to evaluate different statistical approaches to analyzing variation in validity estimates. METHODS:Literature...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.7.1086
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the light of a possible link between stress and cancer promotion or progression, and of previously reported distress in residents near the Three Mile Island (TMI) nuclear power plant, we attempted to evaluate the impact of the March 1979 accident on community cancer rates. METHODS:Proximity of residence ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.6.719
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wage theft, or nonpayment of wages to which workers are legally entitled, is a major contributor to low income, which in turn has adverse health effects. We describe a participatory research study of wage theft among immigrant Chinatown restaurant workers. We conducted surveys of 433 workers, and developed and used a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301813
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To examine state-level factors associated with late-stage HIV diagnoses in the United States.Methods. We examined state-level factors associated with late-stage diagnoses by estimating negative binomial regression models. We used 2013 to 2016 data from the National HIV Surveillance System (late-stage diagn...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305273
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Strategies for control of Giardia lamblia in day care differ in numbers of children treated and in costs to parents and day care operators. The effectiveness of these strategies has not been systematically evaluated. METHODS:We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing three strategies f...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.8.1001
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of recovery from alcohol problems with and without treatment, including whether such recoveries involved abstinence or moderate drinking. METHODS:Data from two surveys of randomly selected adults in the general population were analyzed. Random-digit ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.7.966
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1984, we investigated the impact of a parental notification statue with judicial bypass procedures in Minnesota. Subjects were interviewed on the day of their abortion at four Minnesota and two Wisconsin clinics. Relatively few were aware of the statute in Minnesota. Parental notification rates were similar in Minn...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.5.619
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We analyzed cervical cancer incidence and mortality data in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women compared with women of other races. METHODS:We improved identification of AI/AN race, cervical cancer incidence, and mortality data using Indian Health Service (IHS) patient records; our analyses focu...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301681
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.7.758
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess whether breastfeeding-related hospital practices reported by mothers were associated with achievement of their intentions to exclusively breastfeed. METHODS:We used data from Listening to Mothers II, a nationally representative survey of 1573 mothers who had given birth in a hospital to ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.135236
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cultural divide between US military and civilian institutions amplifies the consequences of military discharge status on public health and criminal justice systems in a manner that is invisible to a larger society. Prompt removal of problematic wounded warriors through retributive justice is more expedient than le...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302117
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public awareness of the risks of drinking during pregnancy was assessed in a Northwestern metropolitan county. Ninety per cent of respondents stated spontaneously that drinking might be harmful, and one-fourth of this group felt pregnant women should customarily abstain from alcohol. The balance of those who considere...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.3.312
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Profound and growing disparities exist in oral health among certain US populations. We sought here to determine the prevalence of oral health complaints among Harlem adults by measures of social class, as well as their access to oral health care. METHODS:A population-based survey of adults in Central Harlem...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.1.49
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Curriculum development in masters of public health programs that effectively meets the complex challenges of the 21st century is an important part of public health education and requires purposeful thinking. Current approaches to training the public health work-force do not adequately prepare professionals to be cultu...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.062950
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined correlates of condomless anal intercourse with nonmain sexual partners among African American men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS:We recruited social networks composed of 445 Black MSM from 2012 to 2014 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Cleveland, Ohio; and Miami Beach, Florida. Participants reporte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302945
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking among young women is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Gender specific influences on smoking, quitting and attempting to quit are hypothesized to occur and may have implications for cessation programs. METHODS:Telephone surveys were conducted in a large (n = 6,711) cohort of you...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.3.324
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00