Abstract:
:Public awareness of the risks of drinking during pregnancy was assessed in a Northwestern metropolitan county. Ninety per cent of respondents stated spontaneously that drinking might be harmful, and one-fourth of this group felt pregnant women should customarily abstain from alcohol. The balance of those who considered drinking harmful felt an average of more than three drinks was safe for daily use. Thus awareness of risk does not necessarily result in recommendation of low-risk behavior.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Little RE,Grathwohl HL,Streissguth AP,McIntyre Cdoi
10.2105/ajph.71.3.312subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-03-01 00:00:00pages
312-4issue
3eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract::As incorporated in Healthy People 2010 objectives, data and information systems and a skilled workforce are 2 of the critical components of the public health infrastructure. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM) are important resources for improving Internet a...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.11.1633
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of tobacco use among high school students in Buenos Aires, Argentina. METHODS:Anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were given to 3909 8th and 11th graders in a stratified random sample of 49 public and private schools. The instrument included items fr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.2.219
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrient intakes were investigated for Blacks and Whites using data from the NHANES II survey (1976-80). Intake of energy, total fat, saturated fat, dietary cholesterol, P/S ratio, and per cent of calories derived from total and saturated fat are examined by sex and age, both in absolute terms and per unit of body wei...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.9.1150
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several Latin American countries are implementing a suite of so-called "postneoliberal" social and political economic policies to counter neoliberal models that emerged in the 1980s. This article considers the influence of postneoliberalism on public health discourses, policies, institutions, and practices in Bolivia,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303470
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to quantify the effect of good smoking hygiene on infant risk of respiratory tract infection in the first 12 months of life. METHODS:A cohort of 4486 infants in Tasmania, Australia, was followed from birth to 12 months of age for hospitalization with respiratory infection. Case ascertainment was 9...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.3.482
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveys concerning the risk communication practices and needs of state health agencies were completed by agency commissioners and designated staff of 48 states and territories. These data indicate that agencies are expending more effort on responding to requests for information than on initiating dialogues with intere...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.489
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the level of HIV-related risk behavior among the general US adult population, we analyzed data from the first sexual behavior questions available for states to use with the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. METHODS:The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System is a state-specific, popul...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.11.1882
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We determined factors associated with hearing aid acquisition in older adults. METHODS:We conducted a population-based, prospective study that used information from 3 examinations performed on study participants as part of the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (1993-2005). We included participants (n = 718...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300078
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A two-week composite sample of prime time television programming from fall 1984 was analyzed for portrayals of alcohol and tobacco. Earlier studies note that smoking acts have progressively declined, suggesting smoking is no longer as frequent on prime time television. The current study notes higher levels of smoking....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.6.698
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The Minnesota Heart Health Program is a 13-year research and demonstration project to reduce morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease in whole communities. METHODS:Three pairs of communities were matched on size and type; each pair had one education site and one comparison site. After baseline su...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.9.1383
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The geographic distribution of newborn human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence at zip code level was compared with the distribution of four sociodemographic variables. For New York City significant univariate correlations were found between HIV and low birthweight, drug use (as measured by hospital discharges), ma...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.suppl.25
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine maternal folic acid supplementation and plasma folate concentrations in the Boston Birth Cohort, a predominantly urban, low-income, minority population in Boston, Massachusetts. METHODS:This report includes 7612 mothers with singleton live births (3829 Black, 2023 Hispanic, 865 White, and 895 oth...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304355
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This population-based study examined the effect of all major congenital anomalies on the mortality of White and Black infants by infant sex, birthweight, gestational age, and lethality of the anomaly. The study also determined the total contribution of anomalies to infant mortality. METHODS:California Birth...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.887
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate racial/ethnic and language differences in the effectiveness of the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (MA-CORD) study among children aged 2 to 4 years enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). METHODS:We performed a mult...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304511
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::On June 20, 1997 a group of attorneys and health advocates proposed a "global settlement" of all public and private litigation against the tobacco industry. This agreement was controversial, and the subsequent implementing legislation was defeated. We sought to determine whether the global settlement represented a "mi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.2.218
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Curricular change is essential for maintaining vibrant, timely, and relevant educational programming. However, major renewal of a long-standing curriculum at an established university presents many challenges for leaders, faculty, staff, and students. We present a case study of a dramatic curriculum renewal of one of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302470
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We describe common surgical and medical hospital admission rates for Maryland residents, exploring systematic effects of race and income. METHODS:The data comprise Maryland hospital discharges and population estimates for 1985 to 1987. Patient income is the race-specific median family income of residence zi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.11.1435
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Training in environmental health in general, and pediatric environmental health in particular, is inadequate. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry began to develop pediatric environmental health specialty units (PEHSUs) after noting the dearth of practitioners who could evaluate and manage children wit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.154641
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.134932
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To support efforts to improve urban population health, we created a City Health Dashboard with area-specific data on health status, determinants of health, and equity at city and subcity (census tract) levels. METHODS:We developed a Web-based resource that includes 37 metrics across 5 domains: social and ec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304903
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1981, outbreaks of itchy skin rashes were reported accompanying the heavy infestation of gypsy moths (GM) in the Northeastern United States. The rash problem was widespread and a considerable public annoyance. In the spring of 1982, during the period of greatest contact with the caterpillars, a telephone survey was...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.8.799
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of improved indoor environmental quality (IEQ) on perceived health and productivity in occupants who moved from conventional to green (according to Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ratings) office buildings. In 2 retrospective-prospective case studies we found that improved IEQ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180687
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among all deaths to Connecticut residents (1990/91), 1260 were acceptable Spanish-surname matches (using father's surname for females), of which only 793 (62.9%) were identified as Hispanic origin on the death certificate. Certificates also identified 127 non-Spanish-surnamed Hispanics. With death rates for non-Hispan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.7.998
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined low-birthweight (LBW) rates among participants in Colorado's Prenatal Plus program by prenatal risk factors (smoking, inadequate weight gain during pregnancy, and psychosocial problems) and the effect of successful resolution of these risks during pregnancy. METHODS:Data for 3569 Medicaid-eligib...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.047068
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::All locatable subjects (n = 94) for whom tuberculosis prevalence had been determined in an earlier study were tested with purified protein derivative (PPD) and control antigens, sputum sampling, and chest x-rays. Of the 46 who had been tuberculin negative (confirmed with control antigens) 3 years earlier, 2 had develo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.11.1836
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background. There is debate whether policies that reduce firearm suicides or homicides are offset by increases in non-firearm-related deaths.Objectives. To assess the extent to which changes in firearm homicides and suicides following implementation of various gun laws affect nonfirearm homicides and suicides.Search M...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305808
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer registries are a valuable resource for recruiting participants for public health-oriented research, although such recruitment raises potentially competing concerns about patient privacy and participant accrual. We surveyed US central cancer registries about their policies for research contact with patients, and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.061556
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. We explored gender role strain (GRS) arising from conflict between homosexuality and cultural conceptions of masculinity among young Black men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods. We conducted a categorical analysis (a qualitative, 3-stage, iterative analysis) of data from studies conducted in 2001 to 200...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301866
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To develop a protocol for prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in Wisconsin prisons, we interviewed 619 male prisoners at incarceration to obtain information on hepatitis B risk factors. We defined previous infections by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.10.1182
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis was performed of direct maternal mortality over 22 years (1950 through 1971) in the state of Michigan. The overall direct maternal mortality rate fell from 5.0/10,000 live births in 1950 to 1.5 in 1971. The rate among nonwhites was more than four times greater than among whites and the difference in relati...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.67.9.821
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00