Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pairs) regression model. RESULTS:Daily smoking (hereditability estimate [h(2)] = 0.54) and smoking onset (h(2) = 0.42) were both highly heritable. Whereas the genetic influences on smoking onset were consistent across states, there was significant variation in these influences on daily smoking. Genetic influences on daily smoking were lower in states with relatively high taxes on cigarettes and in those with greater controls on the vending machines and cigarette advertising. Genetic influences were also negatively associated with rates of smoking among youths. CONCLUSIONS:At the state level, gene-environment interaction models are best characterized by the model of social control. State policies may influence genetic tendencies to smoke regularly, but they have not affected the genetic contributions to cigarette onset or experimentation. Future tobacco-control policies may emphasize the heritable endophenotypes that increase the likelihood that adolescents will initiate smoking.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Boardman JDdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2008.134932subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-03-01 00:00:00pages
480-6issue
3eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
AJPH.2008.134932journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:We modeled triple trajectories of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use from adolescence to adulthood as predictors of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS:We assessed urban African American and Puerto Rican participants (n = 816) in the Harlem Longitudinal De...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301880
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Programs and contraceptive use continuation rates were obtained for a rural Georgia family planning clinic. Program continuation is a measurement of maintenance of clinic attendance, while use continuation is related to actual use of effective contraceptives regardless of clinic activity status. Program continuation r...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to examine the influence of acculturation on alcohol consumption among Puerto Rican, Cuban-American, and Mexican-American women in the United States. Acculturation was found to be positively related to frequency of consumption and probability of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.6.890
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.4.336
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the relationship between psychosocial and behavioral factors and the frequency of emergency department visits for childhood asthma. METHODS:Data obtained from a survey of parents of 445 children who were being treated for asthma in the emergency room of a large urban hospital were ex...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.10.1410
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the associations of local public health system organization and local health department resources with county-level sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence rates in large US health jurisdictions. METHODS:We linked annual county STD incidence data (2005-2008) to local health department direc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300497
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Enhancing Care Initiative of Puerto Rico assessed services available to people living with HIV/AIDS in the western region of Puerto Rico. Participants were 212 people living with HIV/AIDS and 116 employees from 6 agencies providing HIV/AIDS services in the region. Two main findings were that depression symptoms we...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.071696
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wage theft, or nonpayment of wages to which workers are legally entitled, is a major contributor to low income, which in turn has adverse health effects. We describe a participatory research study of wage theft among immigrant Chinatown restaurant workers. We conducted surveys of 433 workers, and developed and used a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301813
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305414
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.033535
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.1.47
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether differences exist in the performance of United States Medical Graduate (USMG) and Foreign Medical Graduate (FMG) House Staff physicians, inpatient hospital audits evaluating individual physician performance on patient histories and physical examinations were conducted in 14 Maryland and Pennsylvan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.1.23
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.11.1741
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of the Freedom of Information Act can be potentially harmful to the security of research in progress. There is no protection from disclosure of information in grant applications; collected research data can be obtained and disclosed prematurely; and data supporting published research may be acquired and re-analyz...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 社论
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更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed differences in HIV prevalence and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) between 1997 and 2002 in San Francisco. METHODS:We used 2 population-based random-digit-dial telephone surveys of MSM households in San Francisco in 1997 (n=915) and 2002 (n=879). RESULTS:Estimated HIV ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.062851
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.157388
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.9.1319
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed the impact of a tobacco control initiative over 10 years on cessation and prevention. METHODS:We examined 2000-2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System cases of a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) with systematic tobacco control efforts throughout the decade (El Paso, TX) and 2 comparis...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300346
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.8.987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305793
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.5.722
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.1.70
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.4.620
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the risk of hip fracture in Mexican Americans, the ethnicity of 80 women aged 50 years and over admitted with hip fractures to a Texas hospital was compared with that of age-matched women hospitalized for other reasons. The risk of fracture for Mexican Americans was only 35 per cent that of Whites (95% CI = ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.8.1020
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the effect of chiropractic use on overall health care utilization patterns, the volume and pattern of ambulatory physician visits by elderly persons having contact with chiropractors are compared with those having contact with physicians only. This analysis is based on data representative of the Canadian Pro...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We determined the number of state Medicaid programs adopting initiatives to support preventive dental services provision by nondental health care professionals, their perceived attributes, and implementation barriers. METHODS:We used Qualtrics to conduct a cross-sectional survey in 2008 of Medicaid dental p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301138
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.5.781
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our community health center attempted to meet public health goals for encouraging exercise in adult patients vulnerable to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other chronic diseases by partnering with a local YMCA. METHODS:During routine office visits, providers referred individual patients to the YMCA at ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300958
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to update income-specific secular trends in obesity in Brazil to assess the hypothesis that the disease burden is shifting toward the poor. METHODS:We compared overall and income-specific obesity prevalence rates estimated for Brazilian men and women from national surveys conducted in 1975, 1989, ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.099630
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.4.354
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00