Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:This report documents the effect of not having had a Papanicolaou (Pap) test on survival with uterine cervical squamous carcinoma. METHODS:Data were derived from Charity Hospital of Louisiana at New Orleans Tumor Registry reports for 1984-1987 and 1996. RESULTS:During the 5 study years, 101 of 213 women (47%) with invasive carcinoma had not undergone a previous Pap test. From 1984 to 1987, the observed 5-year survival rate for 171 patients with invasive carcinoma was 43%. The observed 5-year rate for 107 patients with carcinoma in situ from 1984 to 1986 was 99%. CONCLUSIONS:The goal of a yearly Pap test for all women can be approached by a number of different routes, with the use of all health facilities augmented with collection of specimens by trained nonphysician personnel.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Holmquist NDdoi
10.2105/ajph.90.4.620subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-04-01 00:00:00pages
620-3issue
4eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the feasibility of using high-value coupons to induce condom purchase and evaluated execution factors that can influence the effectiveness of this form of promotion. METHODS:Two levels of coupon discount value (10% off and 75% off) were used to promote condom purchase among young adults....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.12.1866
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Federal government policy in the United States lacks uniformity, as is indicated by the fact that the Dept. of Defense permits the performance of abortion for medical and mental health reasons, the Office of Economic Opportunity states that no project funds may be used for any surgical procedure intended to result in...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.61.5.1038
更新日期:1971-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the efficacy of a social-influences tobacco prevention program conducted with adolescents living in a high tobacco production area. METHODS:Students in 10 experimental schools completed the tobacco prevention program and a booster intervention. Control students received health educat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.12.1862
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate birth reduction potentially in response to Zika virus-associated microcephaly among the 36 largest Brazilian cities. METHODS:We analyzed the number of live births per month on the basis of information on approximately 8.2 million births from all of Brazil's state capitals and cities that had mor...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304260
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This analysis describes trends in the prevalence of genital chlamydial infection in economically disadvantaged young women entering a national job training program. METHODS:We examined chlamydia test data for May 1990 through June 1997 for women aged 16 to 24 years who enrolled in the program. The significa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.8.1287
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This report describes trends in the rates of lower-extremity amputation and revascularization procedures and vascular disease risk factors. METHODS:We analyzed trends in National Hospital Discharge Survey data for 1979 through 1996 and in National Health Interview Study data for 1983 through 1994. RESULTS:...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.8.1222
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to determine primary sources of data for electronic birth certificates. METHODS:A survey was administered from 1997 through 1998 to maternity facilities in New Jersey requesting information about what primary information sources were used for 53 electronic birth certificate variables. Pote...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.5.814
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined absence rates among US Department of Energy workers who had beryllium sensitization (BeS) or were diagnosed with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) compared with those of other workers. METHODS:We used the lymphocyte proliferation test to determine beryllium sensitivity. In addition, we app...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302132
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Hospitalization of nursing home residents is a growing, poorly defined problem. The purposes of this study were to define rates, patterns, costs, and outcomes of hospitalizations from nursing homes and to consider implications for reducing this problem as part of health care reform. METHODS:Communitywide nu...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.10.1615
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effectiveness of the Public Health Detailing Program in helping primary care providers and their staff to improve patient care on public health challenges. METHODS:We analyzed reported changes in clinical practice or behavior by examining providers' retention and implementation of recommend...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300622
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and effect of domestic violence and childhood sexual abuse in women with HIV or at risk for HIV infection. METHODS:Participants with HIV or at risk for HIV infection enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Childhood sexual abuse; all physical,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.4.560
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Landmark reports from reputable sources have concluded that the United States wastes hundreds of billions of dollars every year on medical care that does not improve health outcomes. While there is widespread agreement over how wasteful medical care spending is defined, there is no consensus on its magnitude or catego...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305865
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to estimate the population-based prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons and to determine whether the prevalence of these hazards differs by housing type or by level of disability in terms of activities of daily living (ADLs). METHODS:An environmental assessment w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.4.553
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based, parent-centered intervention, Familias Unidas, delivered by nonresearch personnel, in preventing substance use (alcohol, illicit drugs) and sex without a condom among Hispanic adolescents. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial (n = 746) evaluated the effec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303653
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, the importance of public health has often been recognized during or as a result of major tragedy. The attacks that occurred in the United States in 2001 are no exception. These events have raised awareness of our vulnerability and the need for emergency preparedness, the need for a flexible and sustainab...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.8.1226
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate a multicultural smoking prevention curriculum, 16 schools were randomized to receive the multicultural curriculum or a standard curriculum and program effects on 1-year smoking initiation among 1430 never smokers were assessed. Hispanic boys who received the multicultural curriculum were less likely to ini...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.2.263
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many assertions have been made about the competence of juries in dealing with expert evidence. I review the types of expert evidence that jurors hear and the impact of adversary legal procedure on the form and manner in which evidence is presented. Empirical research indicates that jurors understand the adversary proc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.044677
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact tracing was one of the core public health strategies implemented during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this essay, we describe the rapid establishment of a volunteer contact tracing program in New Haven, Connecticut. We describe successes of the program and challenges that were faced. Going forw...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305959
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the knowledge and prevalence of mouth and throat cancer examinations in a sample drawn from rural populations in north Florida. METHODS:Telephone interviews were conducted across rural census tracts throughout north Florida in 2009 and 2010, in a survey that had been adapted for cultural appropr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300504
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe changes in suspected heroin overdose emergency department (ED) visits. Methods. We analyzed quarterly and yearly changes in heroin overdoses during 2017-2018 by using data from 23 states and jurisdictions (including the District of Columbia) funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305053
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies of adolescent smoking suggest that the causes of smoking initiation may differ for Blacks and Whites. METHODS:Correlates of smoking initiation were examined among 1,277 nonsmokers, ages 12-14, who completed questionnaires in their homes. The analyses examined relationships between smoking initiation...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.7.854
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study identified adults' demographic and smoking behavior characteristics that are related to being asked to provide tobacco to a minor. METHODS:Telephone interviews were conducted with 6352 California adults. Predictors included age, sex, household income, and smoking status. RESULTS:Only 10.1% of Ca...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.10.1561
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of public health practices with federal health care for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) largely derives from three major factors: the sovereign nature of AI/AN tribes, the sociocultural characteristics exhibited by the tribes, and that AI/ANs are distinct populations residing in defined ge...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301767
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the impact of geographic residency status and census tract (CT)-level socioeconomic status (SES) on colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with CRC in Georgia for the years 2000 through 2007. Study outcomes were late-stage disease at...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301572
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.134932
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To determine the impact of city-level cannabis decriminalization and medical marijuana laws (MMLs) on fatal traffic crashes in US cities.Methods. Using a census of fatal traffic crashes from the 2010 to 2017 Fatality Analysis Reporting System, we examined MMLs and cannabis decriminalization on fatal crashe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305484
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the association between reported use of vitamin supplements and risk of cataract and cataract extraction. METHODS:The study population consisted of 17,744 participants in the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized trial of aspirin therapy and beta-carot...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.5.788
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a package of roadway modifications in New York City funded under the Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program. METHODS:We used a Markov model to estimate long-term impacts of SRTS on injury reduction and the associated savings in medical costs, lifelong disability, and deat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301868
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1978, 345 persons were killed in the United States in jumps and falls from non-crashing motor vehicles: 64 per cent fell; 15 per cent jumped; and it was not known whether the other 21 per cent jumped or fell. Two hundred and one people had been traveling on the exterior of vehicles, especially truck beds, and almos...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.3.275
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate national need for family planning services among men in the United States according to background characteristics, access to care, receipt of services, and contraception use. METHODS:We used weighted data from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth to estimate the percentage of men aged ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.303037
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00