Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We sought to update income-specific secular trends in obesity in Brazil to assess the hypothesis that the disease burden is shifting toward the poor. METHODS:We compared overall and income-specific obesity prevalence rates estimated for Brazilian men and women from national surveys conducted in 1975, 1989, and 2003. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence ratios to assess time trends. RESULTS:In the first 14-year period examined (1975-1989), obesity rates among men and women increased by 92% and 63%, respectively, and increases were relatively higher among individuals in lower income groups. In the second 14-year period (1989-2003), there were further increases in obesity among men, and again increases were larger among the poor. In this second period, the obesity rate remained virtually stable in the overall female population, but it increased by 26% among women in the 2 lower income quintiles and decreased by 10% among women in the 3 higher income quintiles. CONCLUSIONS:The burden of obesity is shifting toward the poor and can no longer be considered a disease of the socioeconomic elite. Policymakers need to design policy and programs that reach all members of society, but especially the poor.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Monteiro CA,Conde WL,Popkin BMdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2006.099630subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
1808-12issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
AJPH.2006.099630journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:We characterized smokers who are likely to use electronic or "e-"cigarettes to quit smoking. METHODS:We obtained cross-sectional data in 2010-2012 from 1567 adult daily smokers in Hawaii using a paper-and-pencil survey. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS:Of the participants, 13% rep...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301453
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pandemic Influenza: Special Considerations for Pregnant Women was a meeting convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2008 to obtain input from experts and key partners regarding clinical management of pregnant women and related public health actions to be taken during a pandemic. Meeting goals wer...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.152900
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We compared childbirth-related outcomes for Medicaid recipients who received prenatal education and childbirth support from trained doulas with outcomes from a national sample of similar women and estimated potential cost savings. METHODS:We calculated descriptive statistics for Medicaid-funded births natio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301201
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate trends in rates of personal belief exemptions (PBEs) to immunization requirements for private kindergartens in California that practice alternative educational methods. METHODS:We used California Department of Public Health data on kindergarten PBE rates from 2000 to 2014 to compare annual avera...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303498
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::I describe variations in the structure and in the practice of rural public health and how rural communities meet the challenges of current public health practice, including primary methods of service delivery and partnership development. I present examples of promising models for the creation of rural public health ca...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.10.1678
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the first four years of operation of the Extended MPH Degree Program of the University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine and the features that might explain its initial success. The format of the curriculum is radically different from the traditional two-year program of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.11.1258
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We obtained contextual information regarding documented barriers to HIV clinical trial participation among Black men who have sex with men (MSM), and explored current preventive HIV clinical trial attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions among Black MSM leaders in the United States. METHODS:We conducted 2 focus ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301653
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.9.1231
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns of environmental and biological monitoring for lead exposure were surveyed in lead-using industries in California. Employer self-reporting indicates a large proportion of potentially lead-exposed workers have never participated in a monitoring program. Only 2.6 percent of facilities have done environmental mo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.8.921
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2010, the Brooklyn Active Transportation Community Planning Initiative launched in 2 New York City neighborhoods. Over a 2-year planning period, residents participated in surveys, school and community forums, neighborhood street assessments, and activation events-activities that highlighted the need for safer stree...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.303024
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.177873
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.72.9.1017
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drug overdose is an important, yet an inadequately understood, public health problem. Global attention to unintentional drug overdose has been limited by comparison with the scope of the problem. There has been a substantial increase in drug overdose incidence and prevalence in several countries worldwide ov...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.120469
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300420
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.3.473
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.3.384
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300988
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.8.927
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303661
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.2.240
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305484
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.10.1153
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify correlates of forced sex perpetration among men and victimization among women in Botswana and Swaziland. METHODS:We surveyed a 2-stage probability sample of 2074 adults from the 5 districts of Botswana with the highest HIV prevalence rates and all 4 regions of Swaziland. We used multiv...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300060
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We studied state-adopted bicycle guidelines to determine whether cycle tracks (physically separated, bicycle-exclusive paths adjacent to sidewalks) were recommended, whether they were built, and their crash rate. METHODS:We analyzed and compared US bicycle facility guidelines published between 1972 and 1999...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301043
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.5.799
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.9.1339
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.8.1218
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.140632
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165134
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00