Polychlorinated biphenyls: influence on birthweight and gestation.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We examined circumstances surrounding swimming pool drownings among US residents aged 5 to 24 years to understand why Black males and other racial/ethnic groups have high drowning rates. METHODS:We obtained data about drowning deaths in the United States (1995-1998) from death certificates, medical examiner ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Saluja G,Brenner RA,Trumble AC,Smith GS,Schroeder T,Cox C

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Prospectively gathered data were used to reexamine and to strengthen previously described observations about education and the risk of alcohol abuse and dependence. The hypothesis was that individuals who dropped out of high school and those who entered college but failed to get a college degree might be at ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Crum RM,Helzer JE,Anthony JC

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite recognition of the importance of posttrial access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the implementation process has not been studied. We examined whether the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidance document was being implemented in NIH-funded ART trials conducted in developing countries between July 2005 an...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shah S,Elmer S,Grady C

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the relative risk of alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents and fatalities after New Mexico lifted its ban on Sunday packaged alcohol sales. We extracted all alcohol-related crashes from New Mexico police reports for 3652 days between July 1, 1990, and June 30, 2000, and found a 29% increase in alcohol-...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McMillan GP,Lapham S

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With access to reproductive health care eroding, examination of prescribing of contraception, including emergency contraception (EC), is important. We examined whether working in a family practice affiliated with a religious institution changes the likelihood of a provider prescribing EC. Our survey asked about EC pre...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rubin SE,Grumet S,Prine L

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the dissemination of principles of medical ethics in prisons, formulated and advocated by numerous international organizations, health care professionals in prisons all over the world continue to infringe these principles because of perceived or real dual loyalty to patients and prison authorities. Health car...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Pont J,Stöver H,Wolff H

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. The health risks of smoking are well documented, as is the effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions to prevent and reduce smoking. However, many myths about smoking either encourage people to begin or continue smoking or...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Frieden TR,Blakeman DE

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the probability of an obese person attaining normal body weight. METHODS:We drew a sample of individuals aged 20 years and older from the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 2004 to 2014. We analyzed data for 76,704 obese men and 99,791 obese women. We excluded participants...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Fildes A,Charlton J,Rudisill C,Littlejohns P,Prevost AT,Gulliford MC

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to measure the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in Blacks and Whites. A home interview was followed by a survey center visit. Participation rates were 78 per cent and 90 per cent for the home interview and 65 per cent and 68 per cent fo...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Sprafka JM,Folsom AR,Burke GL,Edlavitch SA

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine whether severe psychological distress (SPD) and serious mental illnesses (SMIs) are associated with a specific set of chronic medical conditions (CMCs) and the association between SPD-SMIs and increasing levels of medical multimorbidity and complexity (i.e., from 1 to 3 or more CMCs). ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Swartz JA,Jantz I

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This population-based study examined the effect of all major congenital anomalies on the mortality of White and Black infants by infant sex, birthweight, gestational age, and lethality of the anomaly. The study also determined the total contribution of anomalies to infant mortality. METHODS:California Birth...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Malcoe LH,Shaw GM,Lammer EJ,Herman AA

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data derived through log recordings of 89 nurse practitioners (NPs) in adult/family practice on 7,086 prescriptions issued during 890 clinical days were analyzed to describe prescribing practices of NPs who held prescriptive authority from the licensing regulatory boards of five western states. Results showed drug uti...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Batey MV,Holland JM

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We used data from the National Health Interview Survey to compare health care access among individuals involved in same-sex versus opposite-sex relationships. METHODS:We conducted descriptive and logistic regression analyses from pooled data on 614 individuals in same-sex relationships and 93418 individuals...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Heck JE,Sell RL,Gorin SS

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We compared faculty promotion rates by race/ethnicity across US academic medical centers. METHODS:We used the Association of American Medical College's 1983 through 2000 faculty roster data to estimate median institution-specific promotion rates for assistant professor to associate professor and for associa...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Nunez-Smith M,Ciarleglio MM,Sandoval-Schaefer T,Elumn J,Castillo-Page L,Peduzzi P,Bradley EH

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined two major methadone treatment factors, visit frequency and methadone dose, posited to be important in reducing intravenous drug use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. METHODS:One hundred fifty opiate-dependent subjects randomly assigned to four groups received 50 or 80 ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rhoades HM,Creson D,Elk R,Schmitz J,Grabowski J

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the impact of CVS Health's discontinuation of tobacco sales on cigarette purchasing. METHODS:We used households' purchasing data to assess rates at which households stopped cigarette purchasing for at least 6 months during September 2014 to August 2015 among 3 baseline groups: CVS-exclusive cigare...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Polinski JM,Howell B,Gagnon MA,Kymes SM,Brennan TA,Shrank WH

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study sought to investigate numerous reports emanating from Punta Arenas, Chile (population 110,000, latitude 53 degrees S), that associated acute ocular and dermatologic disease in humans and animals with excess ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure in the setting of the thinning of the ozone column. METHODS:...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Schein OD,Vicencio C,Muñoz B,Gelatt KN,Duncan DD,Nethercott J,Honeyman J,Koren HS,West S

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Mascola L,Lieb L,Iwakoshi KA,McAllister D,Siminowski T,Giles M,Run G,Fannin SL,Strantz IH

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We estimated the number and cost of syphilis-attributable HIV cases among African Americans. METHODS:A mathematical model of HIV transmission was used to estimate the number of partnerships consisting of HIV-discordant African Americans in which infectious syphilis was present and the number of new HIV case...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Chesson HW,Pinkerton SD,Voigt R,Counts GW

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We developed a process through which community outreach workers, whose role is not typically that of a trained researcher, could actively participate in collection of qualitative evaluation data. METHODS:Outreach workers for a community-based intervention project received training in qualitative research me...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Peacock N,Issel LM,Townsell SJ,Chapple-McGruder T,Handler A

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study characterized exposure-monitoring activities and findings under the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) 1984 ethylene oxide (EtO) standard. METHODS:In-depth mail and telephone surveys were followed by on-site interviews at all EtO-using hospitals in Massachusetts (n = 92, 96%...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： LaMontagne AD,Kelsey KT

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study developed national estimates of the burden of selected infectious diseases among correctional inmates and releases during 1997. METHODS:Data from surveys, surveillance, and other reports were synthesized to develop these estimates. RESULTS:During 1997, 20% to 26% of all people living with HIV in...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hammett TM,Harmon MP,Rhodes W

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and HIV diagnosis rates in the United States and whether racial/ethnic disparities in diagnosis rates persist after control for SEP. METHODS:We used cases of HIV infection among persons aged 13 years and older, diagnosed 2005 through 2009 in 3...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： An Q,Prejean J,McDavid Harrison K,Fang X

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For systematic reviews to have an impact on public health, they must report outcomes that are important for decision-making. Systematic reviews of public health interventions, however, have a range of potential end users, and identifying and prioritizing the most important and relevant outcomes represents a considerab...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Wolfenden L,Movsisyan A,McCrabb S,Stratil JM,Yoong SL

更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We described changes in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of thinness among young Japanese women (aged 15-29 years) from 1976 to 2000 by reanalyzing the nationwide data in the National Nutrition Survey, Japan. METHODS:We used height and weight data sets for 30 903 nonpregnant, nonlactating women duri...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Takimoto H,Yoshiike N,Kaneda F,Yoshita K

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To describe changes in suspected heroin overdose emergency department (ED) visits. Methods. We analyzed quarterly and yearly changes in heroin overdoses during 2017-2018 by using data from 23 states and jurisdictions (including the District of Columbia) funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventio...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Vivolo-Kantor AM,Hoots B,David F,Gladden RM

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As successes mount in reducing commercial tobacco use, an alarming disparity has taken shape in Minnesota. Recent studies revealed that overall smoking rates have dropped to 14%, whereas American Indians' rates remain higher than 50%. With support from ClearWay Minnesota, the organization created from the state's toba...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Boudreau G,Hernandez C,Hoffer D,Preuss KS,Tibbetts-Barto L,Villaluz NT,Scott S

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A coalition of mine operators has used a variety of tactics to obstruct scientific inquiry and impede public health action designed to protect underground miners from diesel particulate matter. These workers are exposed to the highest level of diesel particulate matter compared with any other occupational group. This ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Monforton C

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To estimate the lifetime prevalence of official investigations for child maltreatment among children in the United States. METHODS:We used the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System Child Files (2003-2014) and Census data to develop synthetic cohort life tables to estimate the cumulative prevalence of...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kim H,Wildeman C,Jonson-Reid M,Drake B

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate 3 single-item screening measures for limited health literacy in a community-based population of English and Spanish speakers. METHODS:We recruited 324 English and 314 Spanish speakers from a community research registry in Dallas, Texas, enrolled between 2009 and 2012. We used 3 screening measure...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Bishop WP,Craddock Lee SJ,Skinner CS,Jones TM,McCallister K,Tiro JA

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00