Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of a mailed, tailored intervention on skin cancer prevention and skin self-examination behaviors of adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer. METHODS:Adults at moderate and high risk for skin cancer were recruited in primary health care settings in Honolulu, HI, and Long Island, NY. After completing a baseline survey, participants were randomized to 2 groups. The treatment group received tailored materials, including personalized risk feedback, and the control group received general educational materials. Multivariate analyses compared sun protection and skin self-examination between groups, controlling for location, risk level, gender, and age. RESULTS:A total of 596 adults completed the trial. The tailored materials had a significant effect on overall sun-protection habits, the use of hats, the use of sunglasses, and the recency of skin self-examination. Some effects were moderated by location and risk level. CONCLUSIONS:Tailored communications including personalized risk feedback can improve sun-protection behaviors and skin self-examination among adults at increased risk for skin cancer. These convenient, low-cost interventions can be implemented in a variety of settings and should be tested further to assess their long-term effectiveness.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Glanz K,Schoenfeld ER,Steffen Adoi
10.2105/AJPH.2008.155705subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
735-41issue
4eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
AJPH.2008.155705journal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:OBJECTIVES:The reported prevalence of occupational allergy to natural rubber latex is 8% to 17%, and that of latex-induced occupational asthma is 2.5% to 6%. Conversion of medical facilities to "latex-safe" can reduce employee sensitization, impairment, and disability. The purpose of this study was to determine the cos...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.7.1024
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potable drinking water is essential to public health; however, few studies have investigated income or racial disparities in water infrastructure or drinking water quality. There were many case reports documenting a lack of piped water or serious water quality problems in low income and minority communities, including...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300189
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author reviews scientific and societal developments in artificial reproductive technologies during the past year in the U.S., the United Kingdom, and Australia. Successful births resulted from surrogate embryo transfer and from transfer of an embryo following in vivo fertilization. Recommendations on social poli...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.12.1415
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Holding that workers exposed to toxic substances in the workplace have a right to know about the extent to which they may have been put at risk, Bayer describes the history of the political controversy over whether the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ought to provide individual notificatio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.11.1352
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined longitudinal changes in smoking behavior among older adults in three community cohorts of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. Smoking prevalence declined from 15% at baseline to 9% during 6 years of follow-up. Annual smoking cessation and relapse rates were 10% and less th...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.9.1268
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A random sample of 2266 women aged 50 to 69 years was used to investigate factors that predict attendance at a free Australian mammographic screening program. The most important predictor was receipt of a personal invitation letter. A letter that included an appointment time increased attendance 132-fold initially and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.10.1655
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal mortality remains one of the most daunting public health problems in resource-poor settings, and reductions in maternal mortality have been identified as a prominent component of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. The World Health Organization estimates that 515000 women die each year from pregn...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.036715
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to estimate the population-based prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons and to determine whether the prevalence of these hazards differs by housing type or by level of disability in terms of activities of daily living (ADLs). METHODS:An environmental assessment w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.4.553
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated annual mortality, years of potential life lost, and associated economic costs attributable to regular cigar smoking among US adults aged 35 years or older. METHODS:We estimated cigar-attributable mortality for the United States in 2010 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Smok...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301991
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Because opinion leaders hold positions from which they may influence tobacco control efforts, this study examined their support for tobacco control policies and their involvement in tobacco control activities. METHODS:A telephone survey was administered to 712 California opinion leaders who were randomly se...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.8.1283
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The completion of essential components of patient encounters by lay paramedics in a feminist clinic was compared to that of nurse practitioners in a student health gynecology clinic using explicit criteria for the gynecological annual examination and the examination for vulvo-vaginitis. According to evidence charted i...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.8.853
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to establish the prevalence of physical activity among smokers, whether or not physically active smokers were more likely to attempt cessation, and who these physically active smokers were. METHODS:We used logistic regression to contrast physically active and inactive smokers in a secondary data a...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.120469
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interventions are needed to assist drug abusers in reducing risky drug and sexual behavior. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial compared three small-group AIDS educational interventions among 567 clients of a 21-day inpatient drug detoxification program: a two-session informational intervention, given eit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.4.533
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of personal and job characteristics on the time to employment loss after diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to examine how job loss affects patients' income. METHODS:Data were collected from 305 patients with AIDS at three sit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.12.1976
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study identified adults' demographic and smoking behavior characteristics that are related to being asked to provide tobacco to a minor. METHODS:Telephone interviews were conducted with 6352 California adults. Predictors included age, sex, household income, and smoking status. RESULTS:Only 10.1% of Ca...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.10.1561
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three hundred ninety-eight patients treated in the emergency room for non-urgent complaints who stated that they had no regular source of primary medical care were referred to one of several medical care centers in the area. Overall, 34 per cent of such patients complied with the referral. Correlates of compliance wer...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.73.1.57
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study considered days missed from work or usual activities for emotional reasons associated with a range of specific psychopathologic disorders, psychosocial distress, and persons found to be asymptomatic. Analyses were performed with the presence or absence of emotional disability days as the dependent variable ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.8.1304
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer mortality in Texas 1969-80 was 25 per cent lower among Mexican American males compared to other Whites; among females, rates were only 4 per cent lower. Reduced mortality was primarily a result of lower rates for cancers of the most common sites: lung, colon, breast and prostate. However, for cancers of the sto...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.7.851
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed the feasibility of collecting race/ethnicity data from patients using their own preferred racial/ethnic terms. METHODS:The 424 patients described their race/ethnicity using their own categories, and we compared their descriptions with their responses to the questions (1) "Do you consider yoursel...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.062620
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined HIV-infected parents' conversations about HIV prevention with their uninfected children, including what facilitated or hindered communication. METHODS:Parents with HIV/AIDS (n = 90) who had children aged 10 to 18 years were recruited for a mixed method study from 2009 to 2010. Interviews assesse...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301111
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The year 2017 marks both the 70th anniversary of the Nuremberg Code and the first major revisions of federal research regulations in almost 3 decades. I suggest that the informed consent provisions of the federal research regulations continue to follow the requirements of the Nuremberg Code. However, modifications are...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304103
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent theoretical studies suggest that the earth's ozone layer which filters ultraviolet radiation may be depleted by a fleet of supersonic transports or by continued use of chlorofluoromethanes. It is now generally accepted that short wavelength ultraviolet radiation leads to the development of skin cancer. In this ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.66.5.461
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality trends suggest that increases in Connecticut incidence for cutaneous melanoma (CM) equal or under estimate increases for the entire country. One-sixth of CM in Connecticut occurs under age 35. In the 1955 birth cohort, modeled incidence rates per 100,000 age-adjusted to the 1960 US population are 38.2 in mal...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.6.679
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologists, biostatisticians, and health physicists frequently serve as expert consultants to lawyers, courts, and administrators. One of the most common errors committed by experts is to equate, without qualification, the attributable fraction estimated from epidemiologic data to the probability of causation req...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.8.1166
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a case-control study of lung cancer deaths in the Teamsters Union to compare the risk of different occupations within the teamsters, after controlling for smoking and other confounders. Occupations with no presumed exposure to diesel fumes were used as the nonexposed group. The study population consisted ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.6.670
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A three-week belt use law publicity and enforcement campaign in Elmira, New York, in November 1985, increased use from 49 per cent to 77 per cent; four months later belt use was 66 per cent. A reminder program, in April 1986, increased belt use to 80 per cent; use declined to 69 per cent four months later and to 60 pe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.11.1450
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to determine the accuracy of geocoding for public health databases. METHODS:A test file of 70 addresses, 50 of which involved errors, was generated, and the file was geocoded to the census tract and block group levels by 4 commercial geocoding firms. Also, the "real world" accuracy of the ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.7.1114
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To describe partnerships between US local health departments (LHDs) and community organizations and assess the relationship between the types of activities performed in these partnerships and LHD engagement in population-based activities to prevent mental health conditions.Methods. Data were derived from 4...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305646
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to compare hip fracture hospitalization rates between a fluoridated and a non-fluoridated community in Alberta, Canada: Edmonton, which has had fluoridated drinking water since 1967, and Calgary, which considered fluoridation in 1991 but is currently revising this decision. MET...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.5.689
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess 6-month outcomes for HIV-infected people released from New York City jails with a transitional care plan. METHODS:Jail detainees in New York City living with HIV who accepted a transitional care plan during incarceration were asked to participate in a multi-site evaluation aimed at impro...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302234
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00