Social isolation: a predictor of mortality comparable to traditional clinical risk factors.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to better understand the prevalence and consequences of food insecurity among American Indian families with young children. METHODS:Parents or caregivers of kindergarten-age children enrolled in the Bright Start study (dyad n=432) living on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota completed a qu...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Bauer KW,Widome R,Himes JH,Smyth M,Rock BH,Hannan PJ,Story M

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the implications of the current recommended data collection practice of placing self-rated health (SRH) before specific health-related questions (hence, without a health context) to remove potential context effects, between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. METHODS:We used 2 methodologically comparab...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Lee S,Schwarz N

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many assertions have been made about the competence of juries in dealing with expert evidence. I review the types of expert evidence that jurors hear and the impact of adversary legal procedure on the form and manner in which evidence is presented. Empirical research indicates that jurors understand the adversary proc...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Vidmar N

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The unusual resistance of the "unconventional viruses" to inactivation by the commonly used disinfectants has led to a high degree of apprehension regarding patients with any form of dementia. The rapid adaptation of a newly acquired isolate of the agent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) to mice made possible this la...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Walker AS,Inderlied CB,Kingsbury DT

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of recovery from alcohol problems with and without treatment, including whether such recoveries involved abstinence or moderate drinking. METHODS:Data from two surveys of randomly selected adults in the general population were analyzed. Random-digit ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Sobell LC,Cunningham JA,Sobell MB

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:National rates of unintended births are a major public health concern. The availability of highly effective long-acting contraceptives has prompted some public officials to promote the coercive use of these methods to reduce such problems as intergenerational poverty and child abuse. Broad-brush public policies that r...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Moskowitz E,Jennings B

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Curriculum development in masters of public health programs that effectively meets the complex challenges of the 21st century is an important part of public health education and requires purposeful thinking. Current approaches to training the public health work-force do not adequately prepare professionals to be cultu...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Chávez V,Turalba RA,Malik S

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health officials often wish to sponsor nutrition and other health promotion programs but are hampered by lack of funding. One source of funding is suggested by the fact that 18 states and 1 major city levy special taxes on soft drinks, candy, chewing gum, or snack foods. The tax rates may be too small to affect sales,...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Jacobson MF,Brownell KD

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Utilizing data from a field study of psychiatric disorder, the study examined sex differences in patterns of response to interviewers in contrasting status positions. The dependent variables in the analysis were mean scores on nosological scales measuring three dimensions of symptomotology identified in a factor analy...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Riessman CK

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Higher prices reduce consumption and initiation of tobacco products. A minimum price law that establishes a high statutory minimum price and prohibits the industry's discounting tactics for tobacco products is a promising pricing strategy as an alternative to excise tax increases. Although some states have adopted min...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McLaughlin I,Pearson A,Laird-Metke E,Ribisl K

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between quality improvement (QI) maturity and accreditation attributes of US local health departments (LHDs), specifically those in Nebraska. METHODS:Using 2011 Nebraska LHD QI survey data, we conducted Spearman correlation analyses between QI maturity domains and accreditation ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Chen LW,Nguyen A,Jacobson JJ,Gupta N,Bekmuratova S,Palm D

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Academic occupational health centers can support state-based occupational disease surveillance by playing a role in case identification and management, physician education, workplace investigation, and surveillance case criteria development. The existing centers can also serve as models for developing new clinics. As ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Welch L

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Death certificate of children less than 8 years of age who were killed between 1979 and 1986 were linked to their Ohio birth certificates and compared with those of Ohio children born in 1983 (controls). Having an unmarried mother increased risk of homicide almost fivefold (odds ratio 4.87). Having a teenage mother, a...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Winpisinger KA,Hopkins RS,Indian RW,Hostetler JR

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Interventions are needed to assist drug abusers in reducing risky drug and sexual behavior. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial compared three small-group AIDS educational interventions among 567 clients of a 21-day inpatient drug detoxification program: a two-session informational intervention, given eit...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McCusker J,Stoddard AM,Zapka JG,Morrison CS,Zorn M,Lewis BF

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship among father's occupational group, daily smoking, and smoking determinants in a cohort of New Zealand adolescents. METHODS:The longitudinal Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study provided information on adolescents' self-reported smoking behavior and potential predic...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Droomers M,Schrijvers CT,Casswell S,Mackenbach JP

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined factors associated with completing, initiating, or intending to pursue voluntary national accreditation among local health departments (LHDs). METHODS:We examined National Association of County and City Health Officials 2010 and 2013 profile data in a pooled cross-sectional design with bivariate...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Yeager VA,Ferdinand AO,Beitsch LM,Menachemi N

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalences of anemia were estimated by two methods for 742 Black and 3,074 White nonpregnant women of childbearing age drawn from a large probability sample of the United States civilian noninstitutionalized population (NHANES I). One method defines the prevalence of anemia as the proportion of women with hemoglobin ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Meyers LD,Habicht JP,Johnson CL,Brownie C

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Lewis MA,Kane RL,Cretin S,Clark V

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We evaluated a low-cost strategy for schools to improve the convenience and appeal of drinking water. METHODS:We conducted a group-randomized, controlled trial in 10 Boston, Massachusetts, schools in April through June 2013 to test a cafeteria-based intervention. Signage promoting water and disposable cups ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kenney EL,Gortmaker SL,Carter JE,Howe MC,Reiner JF,Cradock AL

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With access to reproductive health care eroding, examination of prescribing of contraception, including emergency contraception (EC), is important. We examined whether working in a family practice affiliated with a religious institution changes the likelihood of a provider prescribing EC. Our survey asked about EC pre...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rubin SE,Grumet S,Prine L

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present results from life history interviews with 60 young adults from southern Uganda. Using a novel qualitative case-control design, we compared newly HIV-positive cases with HIV-negative controls matched on age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Relationship context was the most salient theme diffe...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Higgins JA,Mathur S,Eckel E,Kelley L,Nakyanjo N,Sekamwa R,Namatovu J,Ddaaki W,Nakubulwa R,Namakula S,Nalugoda F,Santelli JS

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For both clinical and economic reasons, the increasing number of persons living with chronic conditions represents a public health issue of growing importance. Emphasizing patient responsibility, and acting in concert with the provider community, self-management represents a promising strategy for treating chronic con...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Grady PA,Gough LL

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We assessed whether New York City's gun-related homicide rates in the 1990s were associated with a range of social determinants of homicide rates. METHODS:We used cross-sectional time-series data for 74 New York City police precincts from 1990 through 1999, and we estimated Bayesian hierarchical models with...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Cerdá M,Messner SF,Tracy M,Vlahov D,Goldmann E,Tardiff KJ,Galea S

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined trends in tobacco use in a random sample of 2 of the 20 top-grossing US films each year from 1960 through 1990 (62 films). The overall rate of tobacco use did not change. Films continue to portray smokers as successful, attractive White males. Smoking groups became larger, smoking alone declined, h...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hazan AR,Lipton HL,Glantz SA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the impact of a maternal-child home visitation program on birth spacing for first-time Latina mothers, focusing on adolescents and women who identified as Mexican or Puerto Rican. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study. One thousand Latina women enrolled in the Pennsylvania Nurse-Family P...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Yun K,Chesnokova A,Matone M,Luan X,Localio AR,Rubin DM

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship between breastfeeding, asthma and atopy, and child body mass index (BMI). METHODS:From a prospective birth cohort (n = 2860) in Perth, Western Australia, 2195 children were followed up to age 6 years. Asthma was defined as doctor-diagnosed asthma and wheeze in the last year,...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Oddy WH,Sherriff JL,de Klerk NH,Kendall GE,Sly PD,Beilin LJ,Blake KB,Landau LI,Stanley FJ

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of body fatness and leanness is examined in an ongoing prospective nutrition and growth study. Individual skinfold thicknesses, relative weights, weight gains, activity levels, and caloric intakes were examined at seven ages between 6 months and 9 years. Changes in body fatness in this group of childre...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shapiro LR,Crawford PB,Clark MJ,Pearson DL,Raz J,Huenemann RL

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As of April 1987, states were permitted to raise the speed limit on rural interstates to 65 mph without incurring federal sanctions; 38 states elected to do so in 1987. Fatality data for the months when the new limit was in effect in 1987 were compared with fatalities in the same months of 1982-86 on rural interstates...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Baum HM,Lund AK,Wells JK

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We evaluated changing patterns of tobacco use following a period of forced tobacco abstinence in a US military cohort to determine rates of harm elimination (e.g., tobacco cessation), harm reduction (e.g., from smoking to smokeless tobacco use), and harm escalation (e.g., from smoking to dual use or from smo...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Klesges RC,Sherrill-Mittleman D,Ebbert JO,Talcott GW,Debon M

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined an outbreak of hepatitis A in eastern Sydney during 1991-1992. METHODS:Data were based on cases of hepatitis A in eastern Sydney residents reported from January 1991 to October 1992. RESULTS:Five hundred seventy cases of hepatitis A were reported. Of these, 515 (90%) occurred in male pa...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Stokes ML,Ferson MJ,Young LC

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00