Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship among father's occupational group, daily smoking, and smoking determinants in a cohort of New Zealand adolescents. METHODS:The longitudinal Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study provided information on adolescents' self-reported smoking behavior and potential predictors of smoking, such as social and material factors, personality characteristics, educational achievement, and individual attitudes and beliefs regarding smoking. Longitudinal logistic generalized estimating equation analyses were used. RESULTS:Adolescents whose fathers were classified in the lowest-status occupational group were twice as likely as those whose fathers occupied the highest-status occupational group to be daily smokers. This high risk of daily smoking among the adolescents from the lowest occupational group was largely predicted by their lower intelligence scores and by the higher prevalence of smoking among fathers and friends. CONCLUSIONS:To prevent socioeconomic differences in smoking, school-based interventions should seek to prevent smoking uptake among adolescents, particularly those of lower socioeconomic status. Programs need to provide positive, nonsmoking role models consonant with the culture and norms of lower-socioeconomic-status groups. Adolescents need to acquire resistance skills and protective behaviors against social pressure and influences.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Droomers M,Schrijvers CT,Casswell S,Mackenbach JPdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2002.002774subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-01 00:00:00pages
681-8issue
4eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
95/4/681journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We describe the impact of the Adolescent Health Project on sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing in Omaha, NE, during phase 1 (media campaigns) and phase 2 (free STI testing). To assess the impact of each phase on STI testing, we examined monthly data from January 2013 to April 2017 via interrupted time series ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304391
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study sought to estimate the impact on birthweight of maternal participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). METHODS:WIC estimates were based on sibling models incorporating data on children born between 1990 and 1996 to women taking part in the Nat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.5.799
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A parasitic surveillance of farm workers of Puerto Rican background and their children revealed a high prevalence rate (35.5%) of parasites in this population. This high prevalence rate, however, was expected in view of the fact that other researchers have found a high degree of parasitosis in Puerto Rican populations...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.10.1103
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined whether interventions aimed at aggressive/disruptive classroom behavior and poor academic achievement would reduce the incidence of initiation of smoking. METHODS:An epidemiologically based, universal randomized preventive trial involved 2311 children in 2 classroom-based preventive inte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.10.1490
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.7.758
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal mortality remains one of the most daunting public health problems in resource-poor settings, and reductions in maternal mortality have been identified as a prominent component of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. The World Health Organization estimates that 515000 women die each year from pregn...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.036715
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of improved indoor environmental quality (IEQ) on perceived health and productivity in occupants who moved from conventional to green (according to Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ratings) office buildings. In 2 retrospective-prospective case studies we found that improved IEQ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180687
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study was undertaken to examine popular press reports of the association between alcohol and breast cancer. METHODS:Articles from scientific journals and stories from newspapers and magazines published from January 1, 1985, to July 1, 1992, were retrieved from six on-line databases. Lay press stories w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.8_pt_1.1082
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The study examined the unique and combined contributions of race/ethnicity, income, and family structure to adolescent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, involvement with violence, suicidal thoughts or attempts, and sexual intercourse. METHODS:Analyses were based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescen...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.12.1879
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In northern Uganda, physical and structural violence (political repression, economic inequality, and gender-based discrimination) increase vulnerability to HIV infection. In settings of war, traditional HIV prevention that solely promotes risk avoidance and risk reduction and assumes the existence of personal choice i...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.072777
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents data from an experimental project which distributed oral contraceptives, foam, and condoms to households in three rural areas of Haiti between January 1978 and March 1980. The contraceptive distribution had little apparent impact on traditional, prolonged breastfeeding patterns, and the percentage ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.72.8.835
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking histories, reported depth of inhalation, number of pipe and cigars (PC) smoked, serum thiocyanate (SCN) and expired air carbon monoxide (CO) levels were examined in PC male smokers enrolled in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Serum SCN levels for all PC smokers were higher than fo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.11.1412
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Examining previously underused corporate documents, we revisit the story of the Asbestos Information Association/North America, an industry trade group that sought in the early 1970s to counteract the growing public attention to, and government regulation of, asbestos as a serious threat to workers and consumers. From...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.303023
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We analyzed cervical cancer incidence and mortality data in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women compared with women of other races. METHODS:We improved identification of AI/AN race, cervical cancer incidence, and mortality data using Indian Health Service (IHS) patient records; our analyses focu...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301681
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using claims data from 443 employee groups in North Carolina, this study examines the acute care hospital utilization rates of hospital employees and their dependents and compares them to employee groups in non-hospital settings. Results show that hospital employee groups account for 28 per cent more hospital days tha...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.9.1021
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We used data from the National Health Interview Survey to compare health care access among individuals involved in same-sex versus opposite-sex relationships. METHODS:We conducted descriptive and logistic regression analyses from pooled data on 614 individuals in same-sex relationships and 93418 individuals...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.062661
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three hundred seventy-two (63%) of 590 enrollees in nine smoking cessation workshops held over a five-year period responded to a follow-up survey. Outcome data were collected retrospectively for six-month intervals from workshop to follow-up. Forty nine per cent of all enrollees graduated, and 56% of the respondents q...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.7.725
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reviewed Florida pediatric gonococcal (GC) infection surveillance data collected between 1984 and 1988. The incidence rate was 11 per 100,000 per year for the age group 1 month through 9 years. Incidence rates were higher for females, other-than-Whites, and residents of rural counties than for males, Whites, and re...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.3.426
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the joint impact of states' Medicaid expansion and participation in Medicaid enrollment outreach at the take-up of other means-tested public programs (Women, Infants, and Children [WIC], Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program [SNAP]). METHODS:Data were used from the American Community Survey, ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304592
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iodine-131 was found to dominate the gamma spectra of dried sludge and concentration liquid effluent samples from a sewage treatment plant serving the area containing the Texas Medical Center in 1975. The concentration of Iodine-131 varied considerably on a time scale of weeks but was fairly stable in the course of a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.71.1.47
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed trends in prescribing and overdose deaths related to propoxyphene (e.g., Darvon) before and after a 1978-80 informational campaign carried out by the US Food and Drug Administration and the drug's manufacturer through mailed warnings, face-to-face education of prescribers, press releases, and labeling chan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.12.1518
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined the prevalence and correlates of survival sex among runaway and homeless youths. METHODS:A nationally representative sample of shelter youths and a multicity sample of street youths were interviewed. RESULTS:Approximately 28% of street youths and 10% of shelter youths reported having par...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.9.1406
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disability is often considered a health outcome disproportionately experienced by minority groups. It is also possible to view people with disabilities as a minority group that itself experiences health disparities. Calls to reduce these disparities necessitate the inclusion of people with developmental disabilities i...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301286
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to keep abreast of the changing needs of a more affluent society and to ensure better value for money, the British are reforming their National Health Service. They are promoting competition and entrepreneurship, and directing funding to follow a patient rather than flowing directly to institutions. Briti...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.12.1566
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a large scale program to improve health care for high-risk adolescents. Seven clinics, funded to provide comprehensive primary care to adolescents, were compared to three non-funded clinics. The majority of the 2,788 adolescent patients sampled in these clinics ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.8.999
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little population-based information is available on the use of chiropractic services. METHODS:We analyzed data from the RAND Health Insurance Experiment (HIE), a community-based study of the use of health services. Insurance claim forms for all fee-for-service patients who completed the study were examined ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.439
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare methods for estimating low HIV incidence among persons who inject drugs. METHODS:We examined 4 methods in New York City, 2005 to 2014: (1) HIV seroconversions among repeat participants, (2) increase of HIV prevalence by additional years of injection among new injectors, (3) the New York State and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.303019
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We compared childbirth-related outcomes for Medicaid recipients who received prenatal education and childbirth support from trained doulas with outcomes from a national sample of similar women and estimated potential cost savings. METHODS:We calculated descriptive statistics for Medicaid-funded births natio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301201
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several Latin American countries are implementing a suite of so-called "postneoliberal" social and political economic policies to counter neoliberal models that emerged in the 1980s. This article considers the influence of postneoliberalism on public health discourses, policies, institutions, and practices in Bolivia,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303470
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although community development and social change are not explicit goals of community-oriented primary care (COPC), they are implicit in COPC's emphasis on community organization and local participation with health professionals in the assessment of health problems. These goals are also implicit in the shared understan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.11.1713
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00