Abstract:
:Academic occupational health centers can support state-based occupational disease surveillance by playing a role in case identification and management, physician education, workplace investigation, and surveillance case criteria development. The existing centers can also serve as models for developing new clinics. As plans for developing surveillance continue, the role of these centers should be explicitly defined, and they should be included in helping to develop mechanisms for reporting. In all these ways, the centers can significantly enhance the development of a national surveillance system for occupational disease.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Welch Ldoi
10.2105/ajph.79.suppl.58subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-12-01 00:00:00pages
58-60eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
79 Supplpub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the association between reported use of vitamin supplements and risk of cataract and cataract extraction. METHODS:The study population consisted of 17,744 participants in the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized trial of aspirin therapy and beta-carot...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.5.788
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Put Prevention Into Practice (PPIP) materials affected the delivery of 8 clinical preventive services. METHODS:Program materials were provided to a family medicine practice serving a diverse, low-income population. Appropriate use of clinical preventive serv...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.10.1622
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::My experiences as a mentor of young investigators, along with conversations with a diverse pool of mentees, led me to question the ability of conventional research methods, problem formulation, and instruments to address the unique challenges of studying racial and ethnic minorities. Training of new investigators shou...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.135996
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intersectionality, an analytical approach rooted in Black feminist theory and praxis, has become more widely used in population health research. The majority of quantitative population health studies have used intersectionality as a theoretical framework to investigate how multiple social identities rather than social...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305610
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degree to which national expert panel survey ratings of the appropriateness of hysterectomy differed from those of a random sample of practicing community gynecologists was determined. Community gynecologists rated hysterectomy as more appropriate on six of eight cervical dysplasia scenarios. Experts agreed among ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.8_pt_1.1125
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper uses monthly time-series data from 1968 through 1988 to test whether the observed increase in the incidence of low birthweight in New York City represents a reversal of the downward trend that existed prior to 1984. We find that the trend has shifted for both Whites and Blacks. We estimate that between July...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.6.682
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study assessed predictors of the onset of natural menopause in African American women. METHODS:We used mailed questionnaires to collect data at baseline in 1995 and during follow-up from Black Women's Health Study participants. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess potential predictors...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.2.299
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to quantify the effect of good smoking hygiene on infant risk of respiratory tract infection in the first 12 months of life. METHODS:A cohort of 4486 infants in Tasmania, Australia, was followed from birth to 12 months of age for hospitalization with respiratory infection. Case ascertainment was 9...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.3.482
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Along with the rest of Central and Eastern Europe, Croatia has begun to dismantle its long-standing socialist health care system and to replace it with a market-based approach. Marketization's advocates maintain that the market will bring efficiency and quality to the Croatian health care system. Nevertheless, data fr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.8.1156
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study, using data abstracted between 1983 and 1987 from a large perinatal registry, was conducted to explore the relationship between smoking and ectopic pregnancy. Women with ectopic pregnancy (n = 634) seen at University of Illinois Perinatal Network Hospitals were compared to women who were delivered...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.9.1239
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among recent (0-9 years) and nonrecent (>/= 10 years) immigrant women in Canada to determine whether differences in IPV were associated with length of stay in Canada. METHODS:We analyzed data from the 1999 General Social Survey, a national cross-s...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.046409
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether the traditional definition of small for gestational age (SGA) is an appropriate marker of risk for populations that have relatively lower birthweight is unclear. We determined proportions of White and Asian Indian SGA infants and those admitted to the special care nursery. Compared with White infants, Asian In...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165001
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined characteristics of gay and bisexual men who attend circuit parties, frequency of and motivations for attending parties, drug use and sexual behavior during circuit party weekends, and use of risk reduction materials available at parties. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted amo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.6.953
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to understand how the tobacco industry uses "youth smoking prevention" programs in Latin America. We analyzed tobacco industry documents, so-called "social reports," media reports, and material provided by Latin American public health advocates. Since the early 1990s, multinational tobacco companies have pro...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.094128
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study estimated the magnitude of health improvements resulting from a proposed living wage ordinance in San Francisco. METHODS:Published observational models of the relationship of income to health were applied to predict improvements in health outcomes associated with proposed wage increases in San Fr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.9.1398
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the prevalence and determinants of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among nonsmoking adolescents in 9 West African countries. METHODS:We conducted a pooled analysis with nationally representative 2006 to 2009 Global Youth Tobacco Survey data. We used descriptive statistics to determine the preva...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302661
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and effect of domestic violence and childhood sexual abuse in women with HIV or at risk for HIV infection. METHODS:Participants with HIV or at risk for HIV infection enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Childhood sexual abuse; all physical,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.4.560
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.7.758
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explore how a 1987 New York State court decision-Boreali v. Axelrod-affected public health rule-making nationally and, with considerable impact, locally in New York City (NYC).We discuss the history of the origin of the NYC Board of Health (BOH), and establish that legislatures can be challenging venues in which to...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304755
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between obstetrical intervention and preterm birth in the United States between 1991 and 2006. METHODS:We assessed changes in preterm birth, cesarean delivery, labor induction, and associated risks. Logistic regression modeled the odds of preterm obstetrical intervention after r...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180570
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1978 to 1983, researchers at the University of North Carolina conducted a National Evaluation of Rural Primary Care Programs. Thirty years later, many of the programs they studied have closed, but the challenges of providing rural health care have persisted. I explored the histories of 4 surviving rural primary c...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.146050
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We compared faculty promotion rates by race/ethnicity across US academic medical centers. METHODS:We used the Association of American Medical College's 1983 through 2000 faculty roster data to estimate median institution-specific promotion rates for assistant professor to associate professor and for associa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300552
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We systematically reviewed the effects of alcohol taxes and prices on alcohol-related morbidity and mortality to assess their public health impact. METHODS:We searched 12 databases, along with articles' reference lists, for studies providing estimates of the relationship between alcohol taxes and prices and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.186007
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We verified a random sample of 50 references in the May 1986 issue of each of three public health journals. Thirty-one per cent of the 150 references had citation errors, one out of 10 being a major error (reference not locatable). Thirty per cent of the references differed from authors' use of them with half being a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.8.1011
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present results from life history interviews with 60 young adults from southern Uganda. Using a novel qualitative case-control design, we compared newly HIV-positive cases with HIV-negative controls matched on age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Relationship context was the most salient theme diffe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301670
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe salient epidemiological characteristics of Zika virus outbreaks across the world and to examine the clinical presentations, complications, and atypical manifestations related to their occurrence in recent history. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching through ME...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303112
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfiles (1963-80) and the GINI index of resource concentration as a global measure of changes in the pattern of locational choice, the expectation of a more uniform distribution of physicians is shown to have been met for all major categories of physicia...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.6.638
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined young adult smoking patterns and receptivity to cigarette advertising to assess vulnerability to tobacco marketing strategies. METHODS:We obtained data from a telephone survey of 12,072 Massachusetts adults. RESULTS:Smokers aged 18 to 30 years were more likely than older adults to smoke only oc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.2.326
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Doctor of Public Health degree is designed to build leadership skills and an ability to contribute to the evidence base of practice. The competency-based, distance-format, doctoral-level program for midcareer professionals features an action learning appr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302331
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical consequences of HCV infection are increasing because the population with the highest prevalence of the infection, persons born between 1945 and 1965, is aging. As a result, health care expenditures are expected to increase. Now that a cure for HCV infection is the norm, a public health approach is necessa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303718
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00