Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether state-sponsored antitobacco advertisements are associated with reduced adult smoking, and interactions between smoking-related advertising types. METHODS:We measured mean exposure to smoking-related advertisements with television ratings for the top-75 US media markets from 1999 to 2007. We combined these data with individual-level Current Population Surveys Tobacco Use Supplement data and state tobacco control policy data. RESULTS:Higher exposure to state-sponsored, Legacy, and pharmaceutical advertisements was associated with less smoking; higher exposure to tobacco industry advertisements was associated with more smoking. Higher exposure to state- and Legacy-sponsored advertisements was positively associated with intentions to quit and having made a past-year quit attempt; higher exposure to ads for pharmaceutical cessation aids was negatively associated with having made a quit attempt. There was a significant negative interaction between state- and Legacy-sponsored advertisements. CONCLUSIONS:Exposure to state-sponsored advertisements was far below Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-recommended best practices. The significant negative relationships between antismoking advertising and adult smoking provide strong evidence that tobacco-control media campaigns help reduce adult smoking. The significant negative interaction between state- and Legacy-sponsored advertising suggests that the campaigns reinforce one another.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Emery S,Kim Y,Choi YK,Szczypka G,Wakefield M,Chaloupka FJdoi
10.2105/AJPH.2011.300443subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
751-7issue
4eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Response levels obtained from two methods of patient contact to obtain subject consent for participation in epidemiologic studies were compared. When a signed, return card was required prior to further contact, 70 to 83 per cent of patients consented to participate, compared with consistently higher levels (89 to 93 p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.11.1331
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its inception in rural, pre-apartheid South Africa, community-oriented primary care (COPC) has intrigued and informed public health and primary care leaders worldwide. COPC has influenced such programs as the US community health center movement, the general practice movement in the United Kingdom, and recent ref...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.11.1748
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify people living with HIV/AIDS from Medicare and Medicaid claims data to estimate Medicaid costs for treating HIV/AIDS in California. We also examined how alternate methods of identifying the relevant sample affect estimates of per capita costs. METHODS:We analyzed data on Californians en...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302263
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We performed a case-control study to determine if participants with herpes zoster had fewer contacts with persons with varicella or zoster, and with young children, to explore the hypothesis that exposure to persons with varicella zoster virus (VZV) results in "immune boosting." METHODS:Participants were pa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.160002
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammograms from a statewide screening program were subjected to a blind review by a panel of expert mammographers. Ninety-five percent (173/182) of original normal mammograms and 53% (164/311) of original abnormal mammograms were reread as normal. In comparison with the expert panel community radiologists were more li...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.6.837
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary intakes of nutrients implicated in cardiovascular disease were studied in 143 Black females, age 9 years. Dietary recall interviews were conducted and data compared with recommendations of several authoritative groups. A majority of subjects reported intakes: exceeding recommendations for total fat, saturated ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.11.1323
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effectiveness of the Community Relapse Prevention and Maintenance (CRPM) program, developed by Correctional Service Canada to better meet the needs of women offenders with drug problems. METHODS:Using survival analysis, we investigated the association between exposure and nonexposure to CRP...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300094
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postabortion care providers who breach patient confidentiality endanger women's health and violate ethics. A 1998 abortion ban in El Salvador likely spurred an increase in the number of women investigated, because many women were reported to legal authorities by health care providers. Having analyzed safeguards of con...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.071720
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate racial/ethnic and language differences in the effectiveness of the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (MA-CORD) study among children aged 2 to 4 years enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). METHODS:We performed a mult...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304511
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To identify payments that involved opioid products from the pharmaceutical industry to physicians. METHODS:We used the Open Payments program database from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to identify payments involving an opioid to physicians between August 2013 and December 2015. We used medi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303982
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The role of competing priorities as a barrier to the utilization of physical health services was assessed in a subset (n = 363) of a probability sample of homeless adults in Los Angeles. METHODS:Unadjusted odds of four measures of health services utilization were calculated for those with frequent difficult...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.2.217
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cotinine was measured in the serum of nearly all 5,115 18-30 year old, Black and White, men and women participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults Study, 30 percent of whom reported current cigarette smoking. Ninety-five percent of the reported smokers had serum cotinine levels indicative of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.9.1053
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutritional status of three and four year old children, as measured by height and head circumference, is related to cognitive performance in four rural Guatemalan villages. The relationships persist when social factors are taken into account. Families in two of the villages participate in a voluntary, high protein...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.67.3.233
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Entrenched poor health and health inequity are important public health problems. Conventionally, solutions to such problems originate from the health care sector, a conception reinforced by the dominant biomedical imagination of health. By contrast, attention to the social determinants of health has recently been give...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.154856
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::With access to reproductive health care eroding, examination of prescribing of contraception, including emergency contraception (EC), is important. We examined whether working in a family practice affiliated with a religious institution changes the likelihood of a provider prescribing EC. Our survey asked about EC pre...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.061218
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of feedback and financial incentives on physician compliance with cancer screening guidelines for women 50 years of age and older in a Medicaid health maintenance organization (HMO). METHODS:Half of 52 primary care sites received the intervention, which inc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.11.1699
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An interview study of persons diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 1977 and 1981 and suitable control subjects was conducted to test the hypothesis that exposure to hair dyes increases the risk of multiple myeloma. Among women, there was little evidence that prior regular use of hair dyes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.0; 95...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.7.1142
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the firearms used in 235 suicides in Sacramento County, California, during 1983-85. Handguns were used in 69 per cent of firearm suicides--65 per cent for males, 88 per cent for females--and in all such deaths among women ages 35 and older. We tested the hypothesis that the choice of firearms by persons c...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.7.824
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined which local health department (LHD)-level factors contributed to successful implementation of policy, systems, and environmental change strategies in Minnesota. METHODS:We used a retrospective mixed-methods design to evaluate the relationship between the Statewide Health Improvement Plan (SHIP) ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302419
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To quantify sociodemographic disparities in prediagnosis preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use in persons recently diagnosed with HIV in New York City and assigned for partner services.Methods. We used partner services data from November 2015 to September 2017 from persons diagnosed with HIV in the past 12 mo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305155
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the first four years of operation of the Extended MPH Degree Program of the University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine and the features that might explain its initial success. The format of the curriculum is radically different from the traditional two-year program of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.11.1258
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To examine if exposure to victimization (e.g., homicide, violence, sexual assault, arson, kidnapping) is related to health problems, health care access and barriers, and health needs-beyond the effects of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C)-among Somali women and adolescent girls.Methods. We colle...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305392
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of school-based health centers-which provide essential health care for students by aiming to eliminate many access barriers-on health care access disparities and conducted a cost-benefit analysis. METHODS:We employed a longitudinal quasi-experimental repeated-measures design. Primary...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.185181
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study determined the validity of self-reported data on selected health insurance characteristics. METHODS:We obtained telephone survey data on the presence of health insurance, source of insurance, length of time insured, and type of insurance (managed care or fee-for-service) from a random sample of 3...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.6.924
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to examine the influence of acculturation on alcohol consumption among Puerto Rican, Cuban-American, and Mexican-American women in the United States. Acculturation was found to be positively related to frequency of consumption and probability of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.6.890
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We measured symptom and influenza prevalence, and the effectiveness of symptom and temperature screening for identifying influenza, in arriving international airline travelers. METHODS:This cross-sectional study collected data from travelers to Christchurch International Airport, New Zealand, in winter 2008...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300761r
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to ascertain how economic reform has affected nutritional well-being of the elderly in the Russian Federation. METHODS:A sample of more than 2932 Russians 60 years of age and older was selected from a nationally representative survey of Russian households. A 24-hour dietary rec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.3.355
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the number of deaths attributable to secondhand smoke (SHS), years of potential life lost (YPLL), and value of lost productivity for different US racial/ethnic groups in 2006. METHODS:We determined the number of SHS-related deaths among nonsmokers from 2 adult and 4 infant conditions using an e...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300805
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the efficacy of radiographic screening for tuberculosis in correctional facilities. METHODS:Inmates at an admission facility in New York, NY, were screened for tuberculosis by registry cross-match, symptom interviews, tuberculin testing, and chest radiography. RESULTS:Thirty-two cases ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.8.1335
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the impact of a change in New York tax law on the numbers of untaxed cigarettes bootlegged from Native American reservations and resold in the South Bronx. METHODS:Discarded cigarette packs were systematically collected in 30 randomized South Bronx census tracks before and after the amended tax ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302340
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00