Abstract:
:We report on the firearms used in 235 suicides in Sacramento County, California, during 1983-85. Handguns were used in 69 per cent of firearm suicides--65 per cent for males, 88 per cent for females--and in all such deaths among women ages 35 and older. We tested the hypothesis that the choice of firearms by persons committing suicide at home would passively reflect the reported prevalence of firearms by type in households in the region. Handguns were used more frequently (rate ratio 2.00; 95% CI = 1.68, 2.39), and rifles and shotguns less frequently than expected.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Wintemute GJ,Teret SP,Kraus JF,Wright MWdoi
10.2105/ajph.78.7.824subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
824-6issue
7eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:California's Proposition 36 offers nonviolent drug offenders community-based treatment as an alternative to incarceration or probation without treatment. We examined how treatment capacity changed to accommodate Proposition 36 clients and whether displacement of other clients was an unintended consequence. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.069336
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four years have passed since the institution of the cease-fire in Yugoslavia, and questions remain as to how Kosovar women are faring in the country's postwar reconstruction. Reports, albeit fragmented, suggest that violence against women began to increase in 1998 and 1999. This trend continued through 2001, even whil...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.8.1304
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the public health impact of direct-to-consumer (DTC) pharmaceutical advertising remains a subject of great controversy, such promotion is typically understood as a recent phenomenon permitted only by changes in federal regulation of print and broadcast advertising over the past two decades. But today's omnipr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.181255
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought information about the cost-related underuse of medications-which medications are underused, by whom, and how often. METHODS:Chronically ill adults were asked to identify how often they underused prescription medication for 16 health conditions because of the cost. RESULTS:Eighteen percent of resp...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.10.1782
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe changes in infant mortality rates, including birthweight-specific rates and rates by age at death and cause. METHODS:We analyzed US linked birth/infant-death data for 1989-1991 and 1998-2000 for American Indians/Alaska Native (AIAN) and White singleton infants at > or =20 weeks' gestation born t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.053744
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed data from a survey of occupational factors and pregnancy outcome to examine the effects of cigarette, alcohol, and coffee consumption on pregnancy outcome. Clear and statistically significant associations were found between cigarette and alcohol consumption and spontaneous abortion. There was a weaker but ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.1.85
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We explored insurers' perceptions regarding barriers to reimbursement for oral rapid HIV testing and other preventive screenings during dental care. METHODS:We conducted semistructured interviews between April and October 2010 with a targeted sample of 13 dental insurance company executives and consultants,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301825
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A deeper understanding of how structure and environment shape the sexual and reproductive health vulnerabilities of youths across a range of outcomes has implications for the development of successful policies and programs. We have discussed some of the key structural and environmental factors that influence the sexua...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302740
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES: To test the efficacy of Reducing the Risk (RTR) and Love Notes (LN) on reducing risky sexual behavior among youths yet to experience or cause a pregnancy. METHODS: The four dependent variables were ever had sex, condom use, birth control use, and number of sexual partners at 3- and 6-month follow-up in a 3...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303429
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Doctor of Public Health degree is designed to build leadership skills and an ability to contribute to the evidence base of practice. The competency-based, distance-format, doctoral-level program for midcareer professionals features an action learning appr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302331
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We used participatory design methods to develop and test guidebooks about health care choices intended for 600 000 English-, Spanish-, and Chinese-speaking seniors and people with disabilities receiving Medicaid in California. METHODS:Design and testing processes were conducted with consumers and profession...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.155648
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the cessation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among British women, by educational level, social class, and cardiovascular risk factors, at the time of publicity about 2 clinical trials of HRT that were halted after adverse findings. METHODS:A total of 1387 women aged 57 years reported their...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.071332
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A program was designed and evaluated to determine the feasibility of implementing an incentive campaign to promote safety restraint use, primarily among children up to age 13. During a five-month period, community residents were eligible to win monthly prizes and a grand prize by buckling up all automobile occupants w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.3.304
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the social distribution of environmental hazards, methods to assess cumulative effects and their health implications are needed. We developed a cumulative environmental hazard index integrating environmental data on pollution sites, air quality, and pesticide use; a social vulnerability index to measure ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300466
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate racial/ethnic and language differences in the effectiveness of the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (MA-CORD) study among children aged 2 to 4 years enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). METHODS:We performed a mult...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304511
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated changes in children's insurance status (publicly insured, privately insured, or uninsured) and crowd-out rates during the 2007 to 2009 US recession in Ohio. METHODS:We conducted an estimate of insurance coverage from statewide, randomized telephone surveys in 2004, 2008, 2010, and 2012. We esti...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302451
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We reviewed data for the Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI), which was established in 2003 to support underrepresented minority scientists performing HIV prevention research in highly affected communities. METHODS:MARI was established at the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control as a program ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301345
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2010, the Brooklyn Active Transportation Community Planning Initiative launched in 2 New York City neighborhoods. Over a 2-year planning period, residents participated in surveys, school and community forums, neighborhood street assessments, and activation events-activities that highlighted the need for safer stree...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.303024
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of personal and job characteristics on the time to employment loss after diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to examine how job loss affects patients' income. METHODS:Data were collected from 305 patients with AIDS at three sit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.12.1976
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of improved indoor environmental quality (IEQ) on perceived health and productivity in occupants who moved from conventional to green (according to Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ratings) office buildings. In 2 retrospective-prospective case studies we found that improved IEQ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180687
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interventions are needed to assist drug abusers in reducing risky drug and sexual behavior. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial compared three small-group AIDS educational interventions among 567 clients of a 21-day inpatient drug detoxification program: a two-session informational intervention, given eit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.4.533
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past few years, US federal agencies governing research with human subjects and institutional review boards have taken a higher-profile path than ever before, both at home and internationally. This trend carries profound significance for US-based institutions and has implications also for the rest of the world. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.7.1067
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study identified adults' demographic and smoking behavior characteristics that are related to being asked to provide tobacco to a minor. METHODS:Telephone interviews were conducted with 6352 California adults. Predictors included age, sex, household income, and smoking status. RESULTS:Only 10.1% of Ca...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.10.1561
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine intraindividual change in polytobacco and individual tobacco and nicotine product use across young adulthood. METHOD:Participants were 2711 students from 24 Texas colleges participating in a 6-wave online study, with 6 months between each wave. Participants were aged 18 to 25 years at baseline in...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304850
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To examine emerging adults' experiences of food insecurity in relation to measures of diet quality, food literacy, home food availability, and health behaviors.Methods. We used EAT 2010-2018 (Eating and Activity over Time) study data on 1568 participants who completed surveys as adolescents in 2009 to 2010...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305783
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the roles of Doctors of Podiatric Medicine (DPMs) and orthopedic surgeons in the provision of foot surgery by analyzing the 1982 computerized claims of over 1.1 million federal employees, retirees, and family members. We found that DPMs provided over 60 per cent of all elective insured foot surgery. Withou...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.8.987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We conducted an exploratory study to determine what organizational characteristics predict the provision of culturally competent services for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) veterans in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health facilities. METHODS:In 2011 to 2012, we adapted the Organizational Re...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302140
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the effect of a weight gain prevention intervention (Shape Program) on depression among socioeconomically disadvantaged overweight and obese Black women. METHODS:Between 2009 and 2012, we conducted a randomized trial comparing a 12-month electronic health-based weight gain prevention interventi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302004
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives. To examine changes in age of initiation of e-cigarette, cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use among adolescents in the United States.Methods. We used data from 5 cohorts of the National Youth Tobacco Survey (2014-2018; n = 26 662).Results. In 2014, 8.8% of lifetime e-cigarette users initiated use at ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305421
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether nonstandard work schedules by mothers were associated with adolescent overweight. METHODS:We conducted multiple regression analyses using a sample of mother-child pairs (n=2353) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine the association between the number of years moth...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.123885
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00