Large-scale influenza vaccination promotion on a mobile app platform: A randomized controlled trial.

Abstract:

:While health-care providers have used incentives in an attempt to motivate patients to obtain vaccinations, their effect on vaccination rates has not been systematically evaluated on a large scale. In this study, we examined whether mobile applications may improve population vaccination rates through enhanced communication and incentives education. Our study is the first randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of large-scale messaging combined with individualized incentives on influenza-vaccination rates. In this trial, we delivered messages regarding influenza vaccinations to 50,286 adults, aged 18 through 65, then compared the subsequent vaccination rate, the effectiveness of the message content and the timing. Multiple rounds of messaging occurred over a seven-week period during the 2016 flu season, after which vaccination rates were observed for one week. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three messaging approaches: conspicuous (highlighting the amount of rewards to be received for obtaining a flu shot); generic (promoting vaccinations with no mention of rewards); or no-message. Evidence of vaccination obtainment was indicated by medical and pharmacy claims, augmented by patients self-reporting through the mobile wellness app during the study period. Of the people assigned to receive messaging, 23.2% obtained influenza vaccination, compared to 22.0% of people who obtained vaccination in the no-messaging control arm. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The research revealed that messaging effectiveness decreased after each successive batch sent, suggesting that most participants responsive to messaging would become activated immediately after receiving one alert. Interestingly, in this large-scale study, there were no significant differences between conspicuous incentives and generic messaging, suggesting an important area for future research. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02908893.

journal_name

Vaccine

journal_title

Vaccine

authors

Lee WN,Stück D,Konty K,Rivers C,Brown CR,Zbikowski SM,Foschini L

doi

10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.053

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-04-16 00:00:00

pages

3508-3514

issue

18

eissn

0264-410X

issn

1873-2518

pii

S0264-410X(19)31595-6

journal_volume

38

pub_type

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