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Seasonal H1N1 influenza virus infection induces cross-protective pandemic H1N1 virus immunity through a CD8-independent, B cell-dependent mechanism.

Abstract：

:During the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus pandemic (pdmH1N1) outbreak, it was found that most individuals lacked antibodies against the new pdmH1N1 virus, and only the elderly showed anti-hemagglutinin (anti-HA) antibodies that were cross-reactive with the new strains. Different studies have demonstrated that prior contact with the virus can confer protection against strains with some degree of dissimilarity; however, this has not been sufficiently explored within the context of a pdmH1N1 virus infection. In this study, we have found that a first infection with the A/Brisbane/59/2007 virus strain confers heterologous protection in ferrets and mice against a subsequent pdmH1N1 (A/Mexico/4108/2009) virus infection through a cross-reactive but non-neutralizing antibody mechanism. Heterologous immunity is abrogated in B cell-deficient mice but maintained in CD8(-/-) and perforin-1(-/-) mice. We identified cross-reactive antibodies from A/Brisbane/59/2007 sera that recognize non-HA epitopes in pdmH1N1 virus. Passive serum transfer showed that cross-reactive sH1N1-induced antibodies conferred protection in naive recipient mice during pdmH1N1 virus challenge. The presence or absence of anti-HA antibodies, therefore, is not the sole indicator of the effectiveness of protective cross-reactive antibody immunity. Measurement of additional antibody repertoires targeting the non-HA antigens of influenza virus should be taken into consideration in assessing protection and immunization strategies. We propose that preexisting cross-protective non-HA antibody immunity may have had an overall protective effect during the 2009 pdmH1N1 outbreak, thereby reducing disease severity in human infections.

journal_name

J Virol

journal_title

Journal of virology

authors

Fang Y,Banner D,Kelvin AA,Huang SS,Paige CJ,Corfe SA,Kane KP,Bleackley RC,Rowe T,Leon AJ,Kelvin DJ

doi

10.1128/JVI.05540-11

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-02-01 00:00:00

pages

2229-38

issue

eissn

0022-538X

issn

1098-5514

pii

JVI.05540-11

journal_volume

pub_type

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Seasonal H1N1 influenza virus infection induces cross-protective pandemic H1N1 virus immunity through a CD8-independent, B cell-dependent mechanism.