Differences in vulnerability to nicotine-induced kindling between female and male periadolescent rats.

abstract：:This study examined and compared withdrawal signs and symptoms from cessation of 0, 2 and 4 mg nicotine gum. In addition, a comparison was made between nicotine gum versus cigarette withdrawal symptoms. Smokers first underwent cigarette deprivation for 4 days and then were randomly assigned to 0 (N = 16), 2 (N = 25), ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hatsukami DK,Skoog K,Huber M,Hughes J

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Animal studies indicate that dopamine pathways in the ventral striatum code for the motivational salience of both rewarding and aversive stimuli, but evidence for this mechanism in humans is less established. We have developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) model which permits examination of t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McCabe C,Huber A,Harmer CJ,Cowen PJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study experimental alcohol intake that leads to heightened aggression, we established ethanol self-administration in aggressive rats. The focus was on low doses of self-administered ethanol and to assess their effects on aggressive behavior in resident rats, using a limited access paradigm followed by a 5-...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： van Erp AM,Miczek KA

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Convergent evidence shows that alcohol exerts its effects on social behavior via modulation of amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli. Given that affective processing involves dynamic interactions between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), alcohol's effects are likely to extend beyond regional ch...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gorka SM,Fitzgerald DA,King AC,Phan KL

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Pharmacological manipulation of serotonergic neurotransmission in healthy volunteers impacts on cognitive test performance. Specifically, markers of serotonin function are associated with attention and executive functioning, long-term memory, and general cognitive ability. The serotonin transporter (SERT) pro...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Madsen K,Erritzoe D,Mortensen EL,Gade A,Madsen J,Baaré W,Knudsen GM,Hasselbalch SG

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relationship between benzodiazepine and risk of developing pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia, whose benzodiazepine dosage and usage frequency was higher than that of the general population. METHODS:We conducted a nested case-control study to assess the association between benzodiaz...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cheng SY,Chen WY,Liu HC,Yang TW,Pan CH,Yang SY,Kuo CJ

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Orexins A and B have recently been discovered and shown to be derived from preproorexin, primarily expressed in the rat hypothalamus. Orexin-A has been ascribed a number of in vivo functions in the rat after intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration, including hyperphagia, neuroendocrine modulation and, mo...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Duxon MS,Stretton J,Starr K,Jones DN,Holland V,Riley G,Jerman J,Brough S,Smart D,Johns A,Chan W,Porter RA,Upton N

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Major depression is a chronic disabling disorder, often preceded by stress. Despite emerging clinical interest in mechanisms perpetuating episodes of depression and/or establishing increased vulnerability for relapse, little attention has been paid to address these aspects in experimental models. Here, we stu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Elizalde N,García-García AL,Totterdell S,Gendive N,Venzala E,Ramirez MJ,Del Rio J,Tordera RM

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active uptake of serotonin by blood platelets of acute schizophrenic patients has been compared to that of a control group. Preliminary results presented in this article indicate that the uptake of the schizophrenic patients was about 40% lower than that of controls. Patients were followed over a period of 5 weeks wit...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Modai I,Rotman A,Munitz H,Tjano S,Wijsenbeek H

更新日期：1979-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Forskolin, a diterpene isolated from the plant Coleus forskolii, activates the catalytic subunit of adenylate cyclase, resulting in a hormone receptor-independent increase in the intracellular production of cyclic AMP. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of chronic in vivo infusion of forskolin on noradrene...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Suzdak PD,Browne RG

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Preclinical experimental models of pathological aggressive behavior are a sorely understudied and difficult research area. OBJECTIVES:How valid, reliable, productive, and informative are the most frequently used animal models of excessive aggressive behavior? METHODS:The rationale, key methodological featur...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Miczek KA,de Boer SF,Haller J

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Hypersignaling of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been implicated in stress disorders; however, many of its downstream mechanisms of action remain unclear. In vitro, CRF1 receptor activation initiates multiple cell signaling cascades, including protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and mito...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Toth M,Gresack JE,Hauger RL,Halberstadt AL,Risbrough VB

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rats reared in social isolation exhibit various cognitive and behavioural abnormalities in adulthood. However, impulsivity following this treatment still remains unclear, especially in response to medications used in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, such as amphetamine. METHODS:Using an isolation-r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Liu YP,Wilkinson LS,Robbins TW

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Paired-associate learning (PAL), as part of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, is able to predict who from an at-risk population will develop Alzheimer's disease. Schizophrenic patients are also impaired on this same task. An automated rodent model of PAL would be extremely beneficial in...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Talpos JC,Winters BD,Dias R,Saksida LM,Bussey TJ

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor is thought to play a role in the reward pathway and drug abuse by modulating dopamine release within the mesolimbic pathway. Dopamine release stimulated by cocaine and methamphetamine is blocked by administration of 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists. Animal studies demonstrate that 5-HT(3) re...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Allan AM,Galindo R,Chynoweth J,Engel SR,Savage DD

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven neuroleptic-free schizophrenic patients received bromocriptine and eight schizophrenic patients received CF 25-397, both ergot derivatives with dopamine agonist activity. Psychosis failed to improve in response to either drug at the relatively low doses administered. Unlike the antipsychotic property of apomorph...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tamminga CA,Schaffer MH

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has achieved substantial success as a treatment for movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease. The therapeutic efficacy and relative lack of serious side effects resulted in the expansion of DBS into the treatment of many other diseases, including obsessive-compulsive disorde...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Pierce RC,Vassoler FM

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a double-blind comparison of haloperidol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate given 4-weekly for 60 weeks as maintenance therapy in 38 chronic schizophrenic in-patients, plasma haloperidol, fluphenazine and prolactin levels were measured at regular intervals by radioimmunoassay. After the first injection, the mean ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wiles DH,McCreadie RG,Whitehead A

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies indicate that some aspects of memory can be enhanced by the administration of oxygen or glucose. Considering the dependency of glucose metabolism upon oxygen supply, the present study predicted that administering a combination of 100% oxygen with glucose would have greater memory-enhancing effects than ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Winder R,Borrill J

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A history of brief intermittent social defeat stress can escalate cocaine self-administration and induce long-term adaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Extra-hypothalamic corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) has been shown to be closely associated with stress-induced escalation of drug use. How re...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Han X,DeBold JF,Miczek KA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2Beta-propanoyl-3beta-(4-tolyl)-tropane (PTT) is a cocaine analog which has been shown in rhesus monkeys to have cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects and a long duration of action (>8 h), yet does not function as a reinforcer when substituted for cocaine in monkeys responding under a fixed-interval 5-min sched...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Birmingham AM,Nader SH,Grant KA,Davies HM,Nader MA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diazepam-sensitive (DS) and -resistant (DR) mice were selectively bred for increased and reduced sensitivity to the ataxic effects of diazepam (40 mg/kg). Other response differences between DS and DR mice may reflect pleiotropic effects of the genes fixed during their selection. These mice were tested for their sensit...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Phillips TJ,Gallaher EJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of benztropine, scopolamine, atropine, methylatropine, amitriptyline, phencyclidine, and meperidine were determined alone and in conjunction with a behaviorally suppressing dose (0.05 mg/kg IM) of oxotremorine in pigeons responding under a multiple fixed-ratio 30 fixed-interval 5-min schedule of grain pres...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Leander JD

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbachol, muscarine, eserine and neostigmine injected into the cerebral ventricles of conscious cats evoked emotional behaviour with aggression, autonomic and motor phenomena as well as clonic-tonic convulsions. The main and the most impressive feature of the gross behavioural effects of intraventricular carbachol, m...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Beleslin DB,Samardzić R

更新日期：1979-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Understanding the mechanisms responsible for stress-induced relapse is important for guiding treatment strategies aimed at minimizing the contribution of stress to addiction. Evidence suggests that these mechanisms involve interactions between noradrenergic systems and the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： McReynolds JR,Vranjkovic O,Thao M,Baker DA,Makky K,Lim Y,Mantsch JR

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predicting what will happen in the future in terms of potential reward is essential in daily life. The aim of the current study was to investigate the neurotransmitter systems involved in the anticipation of reward value and probability. We hypothesized that dopaminergic and noradrenergic antagonism would affect antic...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Schutte I,Deschamps PKH,van Harten PN,Kenemans JL

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The rise in heroin addiction has heightened the need for novel and effective treatments. Physical exercise has been shown as an effective treatment for stimulant abuse in clinical and pre-clinical research. However, this treatment has not yet been tested on opioid addiction. This study examined the effects o...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smethells JR,Greer A,Dougen B,Carroll ME

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Attentional bias for alcohol-related cues is associated with the motivation to drink alcohol, possibly because attentional bias increases craving. OBJECTIVES:We examined whether an experimentally induced attentional bias would influence subjective and behavioural indices of the motivation to drink. METHODS:...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Field M,Eastwood B

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of serotonergic manipulations on the escape interference engendered by exposure to inescapable shock were assessed. Consistent with the view that the behavioral interference was related to reductions of serotonin (5-HT), treatment with the 5-HT receptor blocker methysergide mimicked the effects of inescapa...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hamilton ME,Zacharko RM,Anisman H

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study compares the behavioral profiles induced in rats (N = 118) by the D2-dopaminergic receptor agonist quinpirole (0.03 and 0.5 mg/kg), and the D1-agonist SKF38393 (1.25-40 mg/kg), and both agonists administered together. Locomotion and snout contact frequency were reduced by the low but increased by the high do...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Eilam D,Talangbayan H,Canaran G,Szechtman H

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00