Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:Early onset of heroin use during adolescence might increase chances of later drug addiction. Prior work from our laboratory suggests, however, that adolescent male rats are actually less sensitive than adults to some enduring effects of heroin self-administration. In the present study, we tested two likely correlates of sensitivity to behavioral reinforcement in rats: physical withdrawal and locomotor sensitization. METHODS:Adolescent (35 days old at start) and adult (79 days old) male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered escalating doses of heroin, increasing from 1.0 to 8.0 mg/kg (i.p.) every 12 h, across 13 days. Somatic signs of spontaneous withdrawal were scored 12 and 24 h after the last injection, and then every 24 h for 5 days; locomotion was recorded concurrently. Challenge injections of heroin (1 mg/kg i.p.) were given at four points: as the first of the escalating doses (day 1), at days 7 and 13 during the escalating regimen, and after 12 days of forced abstinence. Body mass and food intake were measured throughout experimentation. RESULTS:A heroin withdrawal syndrome was not observed among adolescents as it was among adults, including somatic signs as well as reduced locomotion, body mass, and food intake. On the other hand, heroin-induced locomotor sensitization did not differ across ages. CONCLUSION:Reduced withdrawal is consistent with the attenuated reinforcing effects of heroin among adolescent male rats that we reported previously. Thus, it is possible that adolescent rats could reveal important neuroprotective factors for use in treatment of heroin dependence.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Doherty JM,Frantz KJdoi
10.1007/s00213-012-2847-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
595-604issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
225pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Dose-dependent effects of intravenously administered lorazepam on haemodynamic fluctuations were studied by means of spectral analysis, in order to elucidate sympathetic and parasympathetic components in cardiovascular control during situations of rest and mental stress after benzodiazepine administration. In a double...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02245447
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Convergent evidence shows that alcohol exerts its effects on social behavior via modulation of amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli. Given that affective processing involves dynamic interactions between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), alcohol's effects are likely to extend beyond regional ch...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3090-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional antagonists at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex produce anti-depressant-like actions in preclinical models. Thus, an injection of a glycine partial agonist (1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid; ACPC), a competitive NMDA antagonist (2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid; AP-7) or a use-dependent c...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245261
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The dopaminergic system has been proposed to mediate alcohol-induced locomotor activity, yet the mechanisms underlying this behavioral response remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted to investigate the role of dopamine D2-like receptors in mediating alcohol-induced behavioral responses...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4264-3
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of drugs on one aspect of impulsive behaviour were evaluated using a schedule in which rats were trained to complete a fixed consecutive number of responses on one of two levers before pressing the second to obtain a reinforcer (FCN). Terminating the chain before completing the FCN resulted in the omission...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050673
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This was a 4-week, three-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of bupropion in hospitalized depressed patients. Results from 27 placebo and 48 bupropion-treated patients were analyzed for efficacy and safety. Assessments of efficacy and safety were made at...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00433415
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following the stereotaxic implantation of chronic cannulae for intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion, rats were given an alcohol preference test to establish their preferred concentration in comparison with water. After alcohol was removed, 15 mg/kg cyanamide was then injected subcutaneously for 4 days in order to ma...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00444688
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Central cannabinoid systems have been implicated in appetite regulation through the hyperphagic effects of exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids. These effects may involve activation of reward systems and be mediated in part by opioidergic processes. OBJECTIVE:Cannabinoid-opioid interactions in feeding were ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000596
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of the serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) facilitates the expression of masculine sexual behavior in male and female rats as well as in male rhesus monkeys and inhibits lordosis behavior in female rats. In the present study the effects of 8-OH-DPAT on ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244989
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Salvinorin A is the active component of the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum. The potential mode of action of this hallucinogen was unknown until recently. A recent in vitro study detected high affinity and efficacy of salvinorin A at kappa-opioid receptors. It was postulated that salvinorin A would prod...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1638-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Fluoxetine improves affect in clinical syndromes such as depression and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Little is known about fluoxetine's influence on mood changes after quitting smoking, which often resemble sub-clinical depression. OBJECTIVES:The present study, a re-analysis of previously published data ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1711-8
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:During the course of our investigation of antalarmin, a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) antagonist, in rhesus monkeys, we noticed that large, intravenous doses of antalarmin resulted in behavioral changes that resembled intoxication. OBJECTIVES:Antalarmin was evaluated in rhesus monkeys for its reinfor...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1187-y
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of 10 mg/kg TRH to mice was found to reduce the sleep and hypothermia induced by 4.7 g/kg ethanol. However, TRH did not reduce the sleep of mice that were given gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA), baclophen, or aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) in combination with 3 g/kg/ ethanol. TRH also failed to reverse the ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00439101
更新日期：1977-04-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of single and repeated electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) on beta-endorphin (beta-EP), cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (Prl) plasma levels were investigated in nine depressed patients. Blood samples were monitored a day before ECT, the day of the first and sixth ECT (0, 30, 60 and 90 min after s...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02439598
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An operant task for the measurement of sustained attention or vigilance in rats was characterized. The task requires the animals to respond to the presentation of visual signals (presented for 25, 50, or 500 ms) by operating one lever ("hits") and to the absence of a signal by operating the opposite lever ("correct re...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02246109
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:A dopamine receptor 4 variable number tandem repeat (DRD4 VNTR) polymorphism has been related to reactivity to smoking cues among smokers, but the effect of this genetic variation on brain responses to smoking cues has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES:The present study evaluated the relationship between carryi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0860-6
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Prepulse inhibition (PPI) and locomotor activity have been used to investigate the effects of antipsychotic and stimulant drugs and their underlying dopaminergic mechanisms. Whereas D2-like agonists consistently decreased PPI and increased locomotion in rats in previous studies, we recently reported that thes...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-006-0511-3
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic administration of the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor agonist chlordiazepoxide (CDP) produced tolerance to its motor-impairing effects but little or no tolerance to its hypothermic effects or to its amnesic effects in the radial arm maze. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated for 14 days with CDP (25 mg/kg, b....
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244749
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In experiment 1, rats (n = 12) were trained to discriminate the benzodiazepine (BDZ) compound chlordiazepoxide (CDP, 20 mg/kg, IP) from saline in a two-lever food-reinforced procedure, and subsequently were tested for stimulus control with different doses of CDP, Ro 15-1788 (a proposed BDZ receptor antagonist) and Ro ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00652236
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present dose-response study investigated the effects of the benzodiazepine oxazepam (Serax) on anxiety as measured by autonomic and self-report indices in a nonclinical sample. Given Fowles' (1980, 1988) theory that electrodermal activity primarily reflects the activity of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) wh...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02244346
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The release of serotonin (5-HT) at serotonergic nerve terminals is regulated by 5-HT(1B) autoreceptors. Several studies have reported that the effects of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on extracellular 5-HT are augmented by 5-HT(1B) receptor antagonists, whereas administration of these antagonists alone do...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1371-0
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of naloxone on diazepam-induced release of behavior in aversive situations were investigated in rats. Naloxone (0.5 and 1 mg/kg-1) suppressed diazepam-induced eating in an unfamiliar situation and reduced (1 mg/kg-1) spontaneous food intake. Naloxone (1 mg/kg-1) canceled the increased lever pressing produc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00426529
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Adolescence marks a period of increased vulnerability to the development of substance use disorders. High sweet preference is a genetically mediated behavioral trait that also predicts vulnerability to substances of abuse. Previous research has shown that while adolescent rats selectively bred for high (HiS) ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-012-2958-8
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:Despite the popularity of polysubstance abuse among recreational methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users, relatively few controlled experimental studies have documented the neurobehavioral effects of MDMA in combination with other abused substances. OBJECTIVE:In this study, the combined acut...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1774-2
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The social interaction test is a valuable behavioural model for testing anxiolytic drugs in rodents, quantifying the level of social behaviour between pairs of rats. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to assess the appropriateness of the social interaction test for use with a Sprague-Dawley rat line,...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1914-7
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Chronic nicotine administration decreases the functioning of the cystine-glutamate antiporter system x(c)- which is hypothesized to promote nicotine-taking and nicotine-seeking behaviors. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a cystine pro-drug, increases the activity of the cystine-glutamate antiporter system x(c)-. Thus,...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-012-2837-3
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modulation of spontaneous (social and individual) behaviour as a function of the age of the rat (1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months) and of scopolamine dose (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg) was studied. Observations were conducted during the dark phase of the reverse light/dark schedule using a reintroduction procedure. R...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00181945
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat open field behavior is often used as a tool to study the behavioral effects of drugs. In this report, drug-induced patterns of locomotion in an open field were studied with the aid of a simple new statistic. Briefly, the animal's path through the open field is converted into a series of trips. Gamma (gamma) estima...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00443416
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Reductions in cue-induced craving and subjective response to drugs of abuse are commonly used as initial outcome measures when testing novel medications for the treatment of addiction. Yet neither the relationship between these two measures at the individual level nor the moderating effects of pharmacotherapi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-017-4607-8
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Comorbidity with gambling disorder (GD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is well documented. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of our study was to examine the influence of genetic alcohol drinking tendency on reward-guided decision making behavior of rats and the impact of dopamine releaser D-amphetamine on this behavior....
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-018-4847-2
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
