Hydrolysis of iodothyronine conjugates by intestinal bacteria.

abstract：:The initial step of methanogenesis from CO2 is the formation of formyl-methanofuran (formyl-MFR) from methanofuran (MFR), CO2 and H2. The enzymology of this novel type of CO2 fixation reaction has been difficult to study because formyl-MFR synthesis is subject to a complex activation. Recently, however, a number of ad...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Bobik TA,DiMarco AA,Wolfe RS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequencing-based studies have illuminated increased transcriptional complexity within the genome structure of bacteria and have resulted in the identification of many small regulatory RNAs (sRNA) and a large amount of antisense transcription. It remains an open question whether these sRNAs all indeed play regulatory r...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Oliva G,Sahr T,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A high level of anti-HCV is generally associated with viral replication and the number of recognized epitopes appears to be correlated with the viral charge. Nevertheless, the absence of detectable antibodies in about 60% of patients during the acute phase of the disease and in 10% of chronically infected (generally i...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Pillot J,Rioche M,Lazizi Y

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing numbers of characterized base-pairing small RNAs (sRNAs) and the identification of these regulators in a broad range of bacteria are allowing comparisons between species and explorations of sRNA evolution. In this review, we describe some examples of trans-encoded base-pairing sRNAs that are species-spe...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Updegrove TB,Shabalina SA,Storz G

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of the fusion protein staphylococcal protein A/E. coli beta-galactosidase in Escherichia coli was studied in batch and fed batch cultivations. Batch cultivation of a recombinant E. coli strain yielded a final cell dry weight of 16.4 g l-1 with a final intracellular product concentration of recombinant p...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Strandberg L,Andersson L,Enfors SO

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than a century ago, the term 'virus' was introduced to describe infectious agents that are invisible by light microscopy and capable of passing through sterilizing filters. In addition to their extremely small size, most viruses have minimal genomes and gene contents, and rely almost entirely on host cell-encoded...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Abergel C,Legendre M,Claverie JM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-Substituted aromatic compounds are environmental contaminants associated with the production and use of dyes, explosives, pesticides and pharmaceuticals. In this article, we examine the potential of anaerobic granular sludge from anaerobic treatment systems towards the detoxification, transformation, and mineralizat...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Razo-Flores E,Donlon B,Lettinga G,Field JA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanobacteria of the genera Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus dominate the prokaryotic component of the picophytoplankton in the oceans. It is still less than 10 years since the discovery of phages that infect marine Synechococcus and the beginning of the characterisation of these phages and assessment of their ecolog...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Mann NH

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease, caused by dengue virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family. Its worldwide incidence is now a major health problem, with 2.5 billion people living in risk areas. In this review, we integrate the structural rearrangements of each viral protein and their functi...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Cruz-Oliveira C,Freire JM,Conceição TM,Higa LM,Castanho MA,Da Poian AT

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the etiological agent of the most common sexually transmitted infection in North America and Europe. Medical complications resulting from genital C. trachomatis infections arise predominantly in women where the initial infections often remain asymptomatic and thus unrecognized. U...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Finethy R,Coers J

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance mechanisms reported in Gram-negative bacteria are causing a worldwide health problem. The continuous dissemination of 'multidrug-resistant' (MDR) bacteria drastically reduces the efficacy of our antibiotic 'arsenal' and consequently increases the frequency of therapeutic failure. In MDR bacteria,...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Nikaido H,Pagès JM

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the 1960s, several new attempts have been made to improve the management of single prokaryotic cells using micromanipulator techniques. In order to facilitate the isolation of pure cultures we have recently developed an improved micromanipulation method for routine work. With the aid of this method single prokar...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Fröhlich J,König H

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The natural light environment is important to many prokaryotes. Most obviously, phototrophic prokaryotes need to acclimate their photosynthetic apparatus to the prevailing light conditions, and such acclimation is frequently complemented by motility to enable cells to relocate in search of more favorable illumination ...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Wilde A,Mullineaux CW

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small regulatory RNAs have been identified in a wide range of organisms, where they modify mRNA stability, translation or protein function. Small RNA regulators (sRNAs) either pair with mRNA targets or modify protein activities. Here we discuss current knowledge of the various proteins that interact with RNA regulator...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Pichon C,Felden B

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years, the bacterial cells were regarded as tiny vessels lacking internal organization. This view, which stemmed from the scarcity of membrane-bounded organelles, has changed considerably in recent years, mainly due to advancements in imaging capabilities. Consequently, despite the rareness of conventional or...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Govindarajan S,Nevo-Dinur K,Amster-Choder O

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The urogenital tract appears to be the only niche of the human body that shows clear differences in microbiota between men and women. The female reproductive tract has special features in terms of immunological organization, an epithelial barrier, microbiota, and influence by sex hormones such as estrogen. While the u...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Petrova MI,van den Broek M,Balzarini J,Vanderleyden J,Lebeer S

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heat-shock proteins (hsps) have been identified as molecular chaperones conserved between microbes and man and grouped by their molecular mass and high degree of amino acid homology. This article reviews the major hsps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, their interactions with trehalose, the effect of fermentation and the r...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Burnie JP,Carter TL,Hodgetts SJ,Matthews RC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA microarrays are a powerful and promising approach to gain a detailed understanding of the bacterial response and the molecular cross-talk that can occur as a consequence of host-pathogen interactions. However, published studies mainly describe the host response to infection. Analysis of bacterial gene regulation i...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： La MV,Raoult D,Renesto P

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present review, we aim to provide a general introduction to different facets of the arms race between pathogens and their hosts/environment, emphasizing its evolutionary aspects. We focus on vector-borne parasitic protozoa, which have to adapt to both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Using Leishmania, Trypano...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Caljon G,De Muylder G,Durnez L,Jennes W,Vanaerschot M,Dujardin JC

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deeper sequencing and improved bioinformatics in conjunction with single-cell and metagenomic approaches continue to illuminate undercharacterized environmental microbial communities. This has propelled the 'who is there, and what might they be doing' paradigm to the uncultivated and has already radically changed the ...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Doud DFR,Woyke T

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, a variety of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides or bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria have been identified and characterized. As a result of these studies, insight has been gained into fundamental aspects of biology and biochemistry such as producer self protection, membrane-...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Ennahar S,Sashihara T,Sonomoto K,Ishizaki A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five species of parasite cause malaria in humans with the most severe disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Many of the proteins encoded in the P. falciparum genome are unusually enriched in repetitive low-complexity sequences containing a limited repertoire of amino acids. These repetitive sequences expand and con...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Davies HM,Nofal SD,McLaughlin EJ,Osborne AR

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-positive bacteria have developed elaborate mechanisms to control ammonium assimilation, at the levels of both transcription and enzyme activity. In this review, the common and specific mechanisms of nitrogen assimilation and regulation in Gram-positive bacteria are summarized and compared for the genera Bacillus,...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Amon J,Titgemeyer F,Burkovski A

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metals are required cofactors for numerous fundamental processes that are essential to both pathogen and host. They are coordinated in enzymes responsible for DNA replication and transcription, relief from oxidative stress, and cellular respiration. However, excess transition metals can be toxic due to their ability t...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Becker KW,Skaar EP

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The head assembly pathway of bacteriophage HK97 shares many features with head assembly pathways determined for other dsDNA phages, and it also provides examples of novel variations on the basic theme. We describe aspects of two specific steps in the assembly pathway, the covalent cross-linking among the assembled hea...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Duda RL,Martincic K,Xie Z,Hendrix RW

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water is one of the most important bacterial habitats on Earth. As such, water represents also a major way of dissemination of bacteria between different environmental compartments. Human activities led to the creation of the so-called urban water cycle, comprising different sectors (waste, surface, drinking water), a...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Vaz-Moreira I,Nunes OC,Manaia CM

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A close symbiotic relationship exists between the intestinal microbiota and its host. A critical component of gut homeostasis is the presence of a mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal tract. Mucus is a viscoelastic gel at the interface between the luminal content and the host tissue that provides a habitat to the...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Etienne-Mesmin L,Chassaing B,Desvaux M,De Paepe K,Gresse R,Sauvaitre T,Forano E,de Wiele TV,Schüller S,Juge N,Blanquet-Diot S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria possess a repertoire of versatile protein kinases modulating diverse aspects of their physiology by phosphorylating proteins on various amino acids including histidine, cysteine, aspartic acid, arginine, serine, threonine and tyrosine. One class of membrane serine/threonine protein kinases possesses a catalyt...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Manuse S,Fleurie A,Zucchini L,Lesterlin C,Grangeasse C

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First insights on the human gut microbiome have been gained from medium-sized, cross-sectional studies. However, given the modest portion of explained variance of currently identified covariates and the small effect size of gut microbiota modulation strategies, upscaling seems essential for further discovery and chara...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Vandeputte D,Tito RY,Vanleeuwen R,Falony G,Raes J

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The P(II) proteins are one of the most widely distributed families of signal transduction proteins in nature. They are pivotal players in the control of nitrogen metabolism in bacteria and archaea, and are also found in the plastids of plants. Quite remarkably, P(II) proteins control the activities of a diverse rang...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Huergo LF,Chandra G,Merrick M

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00