Abstract:
:The initial step of methanogenesis from CO2 is the formation of formyl-methanofuran (formyl-MFR) from methanofuran (MFR), CO2 and H2. The enzymology of this novel type of CO2 fixation reaction has been difficult to study because formyl-MFR synthesis is subject to a complex activation. Recently, however, a number of advances have made questions regarding formyl-MFR synthesis more approachable.
journal_name
FEMS Microbiol Revjournal_title
FEMS microbiology reviewsauthors
Bobik TA,DiMarco AA,Wolfe RSdoi
10.1016/0378-1097(90)90473-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-12-01 00:00:00pages
323-6issue
3-4eissn
0168-6445issn
1574-6976journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::A high level of anti-HCV is generally associated with viral replication and the number of recognized epitopes appears to be correlated with the viral charge. Nevertheless, the absence of detectable antibodies in about 60% of patients during the acute phase of the disease and in 10% of chronically infected (generally i...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00092.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a favorite organism for pioneering studies on nutrient-sensing and signaling mechanisms. Many specific nutrient responses have been elucidated in great detail. This has led to important new concepts and insight into nutrient-controlled cellular regulation. Major highlights i...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12065
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic compounds have been abundant at near toxic levels in the environment since the origin of life. In response, microbes have evolved mechanisms for arsenic resistance and enzymes that oxidize As(III) to As(V) or reduce As(V) to As(III). Formation and degradation of organoarsenicals, for example methylarsenic comp...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00617.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The head assembly pathway of bacteriophage HK97 shares many features with head assembly pathways determined for other dsDNA phages, and it also provides examples of novel variations on the basic theme. We describe aspects of two specific steps in the assembly pathway, the covalent cross-linking among the assembled hea...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1995.tb00186.x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lack of known mechanisms of protection against Staphylococcus aureus in humans is hindering development of efficacious vaccines. Preclinical as well as clinical data suggest that antibodies play an important role against S. aureus. For instance, certain hypogammaglobulinaemic patients are at increased risk of staphylo...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fuv024
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deeper sequencing and improved bioinformatics in conjunction with single-cell and metagenomic approaches continue to illuminate undercharacterized environmental microbial communities. This has propelled the 'who is there, and what might they be doing' paradigm to the uncultivated and has already radically changed the ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/femsre/fux009
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five species of parasite cause malaria in humans with the most severe disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Many of the proteins encoded in the P. falciparum genome are unusually enriched in repetitive low-complexity sequences containing a limited repertoire of amino acids. These repetitive sequences expand and con...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fux046
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methanogens form a very large and diverse group of microorganisms within the domain of the Archaea. Energy for their growth is obtained by the reduction of a variety of substrates into methane. Several genes, coding for enzymes involved in methanogenesis or in the central metabolism have been cloned and studied. The m...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00138.x
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::First insights on the human gut microbiome have been gained from medium-sized, cross-sectional studies. However, given the modest portion of explained variance of currently identified covariates and the small effect size of gut microbiota modulation strategies, upscaling seems essential for further discovery and chara...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fux027
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research innovations are constantly occurring in universities, research institutions and industrial research laboratories. These are reported in the scientific literature and presented to the scientific community in various congresses and symposia as well as through direct contacts and collaborations. Conversion of th...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.femsre.2005.04.001
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucuronide and sulfate conjugation are important pathways in the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone. These reactions occur predominantly in the liver, and especially the glucuronides are excreted in the bile. Although an enterohepatic circulation after intestinal hydrolysis of iodothyronine conjugates is sugges...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02709.x-i1
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interest in the expanding catalog of uncultivated microorganisms, increasing recognition of heterogeneity among seemingly similar cells, and technological advances in whole-genome amplification and single-cell manipulation are driving considerable progress in single-cell genomics. Here, the spectrum of applications fo...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12015
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat-shock proteins (hsps) have been identified as molecular chaperones conserved between microbes and man and grouped by their molecular mass and high degree of amino acid homology. This article reviews the major hsps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, their interactions with trehalose, the effect of fermentation and the r...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2005.00001.x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance is one of the few examples of evolution that can be addressed experimentally. The present review analyses this resistance, focusing on the networks that regulate its acquisition and its effect on bacterial physiology. It is widely accepted that antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes play fun...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00142.x
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water is one of the most important bacterial habitats on Earth. As such, water represents also a major way of dissemination of bacteria between different environmental compartments. Human activities led to the creation of the so-called urban water cycle, comprising different sectors (waste, surface, drinking water), a...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12062
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conditions that sustain constant bacterial growth are seldom found in nature. Oligotrophic environments and competition among microorganisms force bacteria to be able to adapt quickly to rough and changing situations. A particular lifestyle composed of continuous cycles of growth and starvation is commonly referred to...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00213.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The peroxisomal membrane compartmentalizes specific metabolic functions in the intermediary metabolism of various aerobic eukarya. In yeast, peroxisomal membranes are typified by their small width (+/- 7-8 nm) and absence of large integral membrane proteins in freeze-etch replicas. They show a unique polypeptide profi...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1993.tb00002.x
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small regulatory RNAs have been identified in a wide range of organisms, where they modify mRNA stability, translation or protein function. Small RNA regulators (sRNAs) either pair with mRNA targets or modify protein activities. Here we discuss current knowledge of the various proteins that interact with RNA regulator...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00079.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small cells dominate photosynthetic biomass and primary production in many marine ecosystems. Traditionally, picoplankton refers to cells < or =2 microm. Here we extend the size range of the organisms considered to 3 microm, a threshold often used operationally in field studies. While the prokaryotic component of pico...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00121.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural light environment is important to many prokaryotes. Most obviously, phototrophic prokaryotes need to acclimate their photosynthetic apparatus to the prevailing light conditions, and such acclimation is frequently complemented by motility to enable cells to relocate in search of more favorable illumination ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fux045
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the etiological agent of the most common sexually transmitted infection in North America and Europe. Medical complications resulting from genital C. trachomatis infections arise predominantly in women where the initial infections often remain asymptomatic and thus unrecognized. U...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fuw027
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purine salvage is an essential function for all obligate parasitic protozoa studied to date and most are also capable of efficient uptake of preformed pyrimidines. Much progress has been made in the identification and characterisation of protozoan purine and pyrimidine transporters. While the genes encoding protozoan ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.femsre.2005.03.004
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accurate synthesis of proteins, dictated by the corresponding nucleotide sequence encoded in mRNA, is essential for cell growth and survival. Central to this process are the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), which provide amino acid substrates for the growing polypeptide chain in the form of aminoacyl-tRNAs. The...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00119.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last decade, a variety of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides or bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria have been identified and characterized. As a result of these studies, insight has been gained into fundamental aspects of biology and biochemistry such as producer self protection, membrane-...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2000.tb00534.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 was first implicated in human disease in the early 1980s, with ruminants cited as the primary reservoirs. Preliminary studies indicated cattle to be the sole source of E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks in humans; however, further epidemiological studies soon demonstrated that E. col...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00138.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila is naturally found in fresh water were the bacteria parasitize within protozoa. It also survives planctonically in water or biofilms. Upon aerosol formation via man-made water systems, L. pneumophila can enter the human lung and cause a severe form of pneumonia, called Legionnaires' disease. The...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00607.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urogenital tract appears to be the only niche of the human body that shows clear differences in microbiota between men and women. The female reproductive tract has special features in terms of immunological organization, an epithelial barrier, microbiota, and influence by sex hormones such as estrogen. While the u...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12029
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression cloning is a relatively new method for fast and efficient cloning of enzyme genes from fungi that are known to make complex enzyme mixtures. In contrast to traditional cloning methods that are usually dependent on knowledge of at least a partial amino acid sequence in order to synthesize appropriate DNA pro...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00343.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type II (proteic) toxin-antitoxin (TA) operons are widely spread in bacteria and archaea. They are organized as operons in which, usually, the antitoxin gene precedes the cognate toxin gene. The antitoxin generally acts as a transcriptional self-repressor, whereas the toxin acts as a co-repressor, both proteins consti...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fuv002
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms have been implicated in diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes and cancers. In contrast to mammals, which have at least nine genes, fungi have only one or two. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces only a single Pkc1 and is employed in the study of specific human isozymes, i...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsre/fux051
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00