Abstract:
:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating, neurodegenerative motor neuron disease. The aetiology of ALS remains an enigma which hinders the design of an effective treatment to prevent, postpone, or reverse the pathophysiological changes occurring during the aggressive progression of this disease. During the last decade, basic research within the innate immune system, and in particular the complement system, has revealed new, important roles of the innate immune system during development, homeostasis, and ageing within as well as outside the central nervous system. Several lines of evidence indicate that aberrant activation of the complement system locally in the central nervous system as well as systemically may be involved in the pathophysiology of ALS. This exciting new knowledge could point towards the innate immune system as a potential target of medical intervention in ALS. Recently, the historic perception of ALS as a central neurodegenerative disease has been challenged due to the significant amount of evidence of a dying-back mechanism causing the selective destruction of the motor neurons, indicating that disease onset occurs outside the borders of the blood-brain-barrier. This review addresses the function of the innate immune system during ALS. We emphasize the role of the complement system and specifically suggest the involvement of ficolin-3 from the lectin pathway in the pathophysiology of ALS.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Kjældgaard AL,Pilely K,Olsen KS,Pedersen SW,Lauritsen AØ,Møller K,Garred Pdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-01 00:00:00pages
14-25eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(18)30196-2journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Recently, basophils have been suggested to produce inflammatory mediators in response to IgE in the absence of allergens. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in the initiation of inflammatory responses by recruiting various immune cells to the site of allergic inflammation. In the presen...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.06.008
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A channel catfish genomic lambda library was screened with CH and JH probes which were derived from our earlier sequence analyses on different full-length heavy chain cDNA clones. One clone, designated C7, contained a genomic insert of about 18 kb and hybridized with specific probes for each of the four domains of the...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(92)90096-g
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apo-1/Fas (CD95) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the cell surface that is involved in apoptosis and plays an important role in the function and regulation of the immune system. Aberrant expression of the Apo-1/Fas gene product has been reported in a number of immune-related disorders, such as autoimmune lympho...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00081-3
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atopic dermatitis (AD) or atopic eczema is a skin disease characterized with itching, increased serum level of immunoglobulin E, and peripheral eosinophilia. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an important ingredient of Nigella sativa seeds having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE:Present study investi...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.013
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane immunoglobulins are integral proteins on B cell surfaces that bind foreign antigens and are critically involved in the regulation of the immune response. Based upon the model of serum IgG, it has been assumed that membrane immunoglobulins are essentially four chain disulfide-linked structures of the form H2L2...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(93)90451-g
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A microchemical assay for phosphorus was applied to the measurement of DNA in immune complexes formed with monoclonal or serum anti-DNA autoantibodies and DNA of varying size and conformation. Two monoclonal antibodies were produced by hybridomas derived from spleen cells of autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice and were purifi...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(85)90065-3
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::p38 mitogen-actived protein kinases (MAPKs) broadly exist from yeast to mammals and participate in diverse cellular responses to various stimuli, whose activation can be induced by the MAPK kinase 6 (MKK6). In this study, a novel MKK6 homolog from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvMKK6) was cloned and characterized. The transcr...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.12.011
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ig production by splenic human B cells that express different surface Ig isotypes were analysed in limiting dilution cultures. Therefore, FACS sorted IgM+, IgG+ and IgA1+ B cells were stimulated with PMA-activated EL4 thymoma cells as helper cells in the presence of IL-2 and IL-4. We found that at least every second B...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(92)90051-x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) produce and release copious amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which target potential bacterial invaders but also contribute to the inflammation-associated organ injuries seen in sepsis. Calprotectin is an immune regulatory protein complex made of S100A8 and S100A9 that inhib...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.10.002
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity, thymic output, clonal size and peripheral T-lymphocyte numbers largely depend on intra-thymic and post-thymic T-lymphocyte proliferation. However, quantitative insight into thymocyte and T-lymphocyte proliferation is still lacking. We developed a new TCRG-based TCR excision ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.08.019
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The innate immune response is critical to enteric disease resistance and the induction of mucosal adaptive immunity. In mucosae of the small intestine, Peyer's patches play a central role in immune surveillance and sampling of bacteria by specialized M cells. The innate immune response to Salmonella enterica serovar C...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.011
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low molecular weight hemorrhagins were purified from crude Bothrops atrox snake venom by gel filtration followed by ionic strength chromatography. The protein fractions obtained, designated HI-1 to HI-8, contained proteins with molecular masses lower than 30 kDa. HI-5, the most representative among of these fractions,...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2003.11.032
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective antigen (PA(83)) of Bacillus anthracis is the dominant antigen in natural and vaccine-induced immunity to anthrax infection. Three human single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) against cell bound PA were isolated from an antibody phage display library. Specifically, the antibodies were evaluated for the...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.011
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown, it has been widely suggested that RA has a genetic background. In humans, a copy number loss of 22q11.2, a region harboring the VPREB1 gene, has been suggested to be associated with several immunologic disorders, but there has been no study on the cop...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.11.009
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe several proteins that are components of the rabbit B cell receptor complex. Two proteins (37 kDa and 42 kDa) were found in non-covalent association with IgM expressed on B cells from peripheral blood. These proteins were also immunoprecipitated by anti-B29 (Ig-beta) and anti-mb1 (Ig-alpha) monoclonal antib...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00028-d
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kappa light chains were investigated in sera of several groups of wild derived mouse strains by radioimmunological analysis using xenogeneic anti-mouse kappa light chain antibodies. Although the majority of strains tested expressed serologically indistinguishable kappa chains, several significant exceptions were obser...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(86)90068-4
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) belongs to the Compositae family, and is one of the main causes of allergy in late summer and autumn. The aim of the study was to characterize the allergen Art v 2 from mugwort pollen. Skin prick tests, performed in 19 patients allergic to mugwort and 10 control patients, showed an Art v 2...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.022
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system that participates in elimination of pathogens and altered host cells and comprises an essential link between the innate and adaptive immune system. Soluble and membrane-bound complement regulators protect cells and tissues from unintended comp...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.007
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of important cellular functions are regulated by cytokines. The Jak-STAT pathway is one of the important signaling pathways downstream of cytokine receptors. Following binding of a ligand to its cognate receptor, receptor-associated Jaks are activated. STAT proteins are then in turn activated by tyrosine pho...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(00)00018-3
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two monoclonal antibodies, HH8 and HH9, have been established after immunization of mice with galactosyl-A glycolipid antigen having the terminal structure, Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----3[Fuc alpha 1----2]Gal beta 1----R, which is the precursor for type 3 chain A (repetitive A) and type 3 chain H (A-associated H)....
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(88)90068-5
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regarding the role of micro RNAs (miRNA) in the proliferation and differentiation of T cells as well as the controversy around the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the effects of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (La) were investigated in the induction of mi...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.11.007
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physicochemical techniques were used to verify previous immunochemical studies showing homology of the human Thy-1 (formerly p25) antigen and the murine Thy-1 or theta antigen. Peptide maps and amino acid compositions showed close similarity between these two proteins; however, they were not identical. These data conf...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(82)90216-4
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), leading to high mortality worldwide. It is well-established that cellular immunity plays a critical role to control Mtb infection. Dendritic Cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells, which play an important role to prime cell...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.04.014
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We designed the peptide (C3) mimetic carboxyl-terminus (Cterminus) of capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV2b-1A/1B) inducing humoral immunity and generating hybridomas. The positive reactivity of the mAbs to PCV2 capsid protein was demonstrated by Western blot assay. Those mAbs also showed positive signal...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.001
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic fungi represent a major threat particularly to immunocompromised hosts, leading to severe, and often lethal, systemic opportunistic infections. Although the impaired immune status of the host is clearly the most important factor leading to disease, virulence factors of the fungus also play a role. Factor H ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.08.011
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we report a chemometric approach to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis applied to a study of the binding of peptides to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I proteins. Peptides which possess the known primary anchor residue motif for HLA-B27 binding do not necessarily b...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(94)90042-6
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement per se has been shown to play an important role in demyelinating disease but controversy remains regarding the role of C3 in the development and progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for multiple sclerosis. In this study, we used C3(-/-) mice to confirm previous fi...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.02.002
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An antimicrobial polypeptide was purified from an acidified gill extract of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) by C(18) reversed-phase HPLC. The purified polypeptide had a molecular weight of 8471Da containing 74 amino acid residues. Comparison of the obtained N-terminal sequences with those of others revealed that it...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.07.003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MTX is an effective therapy for autoimmune-inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms that mediate these actions are not completely clear. It is accepted that many of these effects are mediated through the release of adenosine with the activation of the adenosine receptor A2. MTX is used as a steroid sparing agent. An impr...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.07.303
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against trout immunoglobulin (Ig) recognize two independent Ig populations differing in the molecular weight of L chains. The trout Ig population recognized by MAb 2H9 represented congruent to 20% of the total Ig and contained L chains congruent to 26 kDa, whereas the trout Ig popul...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90014-b
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00