Autism and talent: the cognitive and neural basis of systemizing.

Abstract:

:In 2003, we proposed the hypersystemizing theory of autism. The theory proposes that the human mind possesses a systemizing mechanism (SM) that helps identify lawful regularities (often causal) that govern the input-operation-output workings of a system. The SM can be tuned to different levels, from low to high, with a normal distribution of individual differences in how strongly people search for such input-operation-out-put regularities in any data that is systemizable. Evidence suggests that people with autism are on average hypersystemizers, scoring higher than average on the systemizing quotient and on performance tests of systemizing. In this article, we consider the neural basis behind the SM, since there has been little consideration of the brain basis of systemizing. Finally, we discuss directions for future work in this field. : En el año 2003 propusimos la teoría de la hipersistematización en el autismo. Esta teoría postula que la mente humana posee un mecanismo de sistematización (MS) que ayuda a identificar las reglas (a menudo causales) que gobiernan la entrada-operación-salida del funcionamiento de un sistema. El MS se puede ajustar a diferentes niveles, desde abajo hacia arriba, con una distribución normal de las diferencias individuales en la fuerza con la que las personas buscan tales reglas de entrada-operación-salida para cualquier dato que sea sistematizable. La evidencia sugiere que las personas con autismo son, en general, hipersistematizadoras, y que obtienen puntajes mayores que el promedio tanto para el cuociente de sistematización como para las pruebas de sistematización. En este artículo, se consideran las bases neurales más allá del MS, ya que ha existido poca atención para las bases cerebrales de la sistematización. Finalmente se discuten las directrices del trabajo a futuro en este campo. : Nous avons proposé en 2003 la théorie de l'hypersystématisation dans l'autisme, qui propose que la pensée humaine possède un mécanisme systématisant (MS) permettant d'identifier les règles (souvent causales) qui sous-tendent le fonctionnement « donnée - opération - résultat » d'un système. Le MS peut être réglé à différents niveaux, de bas à élevé, avec une distribution normale des différences individuelles relatives à l'intensité de la recherche de telles règles concernant le fonctionnement donnée - opération - résultat pour toute donnée systématisable. Les données suggèrent que les autistes sont en général hypersystématiseurs, leurs scores au quotient de systématisation et aux tests de performance de systématisation étant plus élevés que la moyenne. Nous analysons dans cet article les fondements neuronaux du MS, les bases cérébrales de la systématisation ayant été peu prises en compte. Enfin nous évoquons les directions de travail à venir dans ce domaine.

authors

Baron-Cohen S,Lombardo MV

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-12-01 00:00:00

pages

345-353

issue

4

eissn

1294-8322

issn

1958-5969

journal_volume

19

pub_type

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