abstract：:Mental disorders represent a significant public health burden worldwide due to their high prevalence, chronically disabling nature, and substantial impact on quality of life. Despite growing knowledge of the pathological mechanisms that underlie the development of these disorders, a high percentage of patients do not ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Scherma M,Muntoni AL,Riedel G,Fratta W,Fadda P

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This overview will outline the current results of neuroscience research on the possible effects of digital media use on the human brain, cognition, and behavior. This is of importance due to the significant amount of time that individuals spend using digital media. Despite several positive aspects of digital media, wh...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Korte M

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The traditional categorical classification system and new diagnostic systems will be discussed in this issue.
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journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Thibaut F

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive symptoms are a core feature of schizophrenia and are related to an unfavorable disease outcome. So far, there are no satisfactory pharmacological approaches to address cognitive symptoms. For some time now, aerobic exercise has been demonstrated in various trials to be a promising candidate for this indicati...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Maurus I,Röh A,Falkai P,Malchow B,Schmitt A,Hasan A

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Similar to other complex disorders, the etiology of Alzheimer disease is multifactorial and characterized by an interplay of biological and environmental risk and protective factors. Potentially modifiable risk factors have emerged from epidemiological research and strategies to prevent neurodegeneration and dementia ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Perneczky R

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies over the last decade have transformed our previously simplistic view of microbes, having only a pathogenic role in disease to a more robust understanding that they are critical for maintaining human health. Indeed, our microbiota-the collection of commensal organisms that live in and on each of us-contributes ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Surana NK

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are particularly frequent as diseases of the nervous system. In the pediatric neurologic presentations of IEMs neurodevelopment is constantly disturbed and in fact, as far as biochemistry is involved, any kind of monogenic disease can become an IEM. Clinical features are very diverse...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Saudubray JM,Garcia-Cazorla A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the legitimacy of medical treatments is more and more questioned, one sees a paradoxical increase in nonconventional approaches, notably so in psychiatry. Over time, approaches that were considered valuable by the scientific community were found to be inefficacious, while other approaches, labelled as alternativ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Schulz P,Hede V

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The frontoparietal network is critical for our ability to coordinate behavior in a rapid, accurate, and flexible goal-driven manner. In this review, we outline support for the framing of the frontoparietal network as a distinct control network, in part functioning to flexibly interact with and alter other functional b...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Marek S,Dosenbach NUF

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between stress and infertility has been debated for years. Women with infertility report elevated levels of anxiety and depression, so it is clear that infertility causes stress. What is less clear, however, is whether or not stress causes infertility. The impact of distress on treatment outcome is di...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Rooney KL,Domar AD

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2003, we proposed the hypersystemizing theory of autism. The theory proposes that the human mind possesses a systemizing mechanism (SM) that helps identify lawful regularities (often causal) that govern the input-operation-output workings of a system. The SM can be tuned to different levels, from low to high, with ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Baron-Cohen S,Lombardo MV

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased physician prescribing of opioids to treat chronic nonprogressive pain has been accompanied by an increase in opioid addiction. Twin studies of opioid addiction are consistent with an inherited component of risk, approximately 50%. Several genome-wide association study (GWAS) reports indicate that genetic ris...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Berrettini W

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review serves as a systematic guide to the genetics of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and further focuses on anxiety-relevant endophenotypes, such as pathological worry fear of uncertainty, and neuroticism. We inspect clinical genetic evidence for the familialityl heritability of GAD and cross-disorder phenot...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Gottschalk MG,Domschke K

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recognition that there are fundamental biological sex differences that extend beyond those that define sexual behavior and reproductive function has inspired the drive toward inclusion of both sexes in research design. This is supported by an underlying clinical rationale that studying both sexes is necessary to e...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Valentino RJ,Bangasser DA

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Every human is unique. We differ in our genomes, environment, behavior, disease history, and past and current medical treatment-a complex catalog of differences that often leads to variations in the way each of us responds to a particular therapy. We argue here that true personalization of drug therapies will rely on ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Lehrach H

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of Internet interventions, mostly grounded in methods of cognitive behavioral therapy, have been developed and tested for several mental disorders. The evidence to date shows that these interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of depression. Metaanalyses report small-to-medium effect sizes when In...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Schröder J,Berger T,Westermann S,Klein JP,Moritz S

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decision making has been extensively studied in the context of economics and from a group perspective, but still little is known on individual decision making. Here we discuss the different cognitive processes involved in decision making and its associated neural substrates. The putative conductors in decision making ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Goulet-Kennedy J,Labbe S,Fecteau S

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional processes are central to behavior, yet their deeply subjective nature has been a challenge for neuroscientific study as well as for psychiatric diagnosis. Here we explore the relationships between subjective feelings and their underlying brain circuits from a computational perspective. We apply recent insigh...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Kepecs A,Mensh BD

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary biological psychiatry uses experimental animal models to increase our understanding of affective disorder pathogenesis. Modern anxiolytic drug discovery mainly targets specific pathways and molecular determinants within a single phenotypic domain. However, greater understanding of the mechanisms of action...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Bourin M

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Late-life depression (LLD) is a growing public and global health concern with diverse clinical manifestations and etiology. This literature review summarizes neuroimaging findings associated with depression in older adults and treatment-response variability. LLD has been associated with cerebral atrophy, diminished my...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Agudelo C,Aizenstein HJ,Karp JF,Reynolds CF 3rd

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With his early publications (1910-1913), Karl Jaspers created a comprehensive methodological arsenal for psychiatry, thus laying the foundation for descriptive psychopathology. Following Edmund Husserl, the founder of philosophical phenomenology, Jaspers introduced phenomenology into psychopathology as "static underst...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Häfner H

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technology in genetics and brain imaging has advanced so rapidly that it is difficult to be knowledgeable about all the new tools being used in the pursuit of progress toward understanding and treating mental illness. While findings from new studies remain promising, caution is needed with regard to their current appl...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： DeLisi LE

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is timely to consider the ethical and social questions raised by progress in pharmacogenomics, based on the current importance of pharmacogenomics for avoidance of predictable side effects of drugs, and for correct choice of medications in certain cancers. It has been proposed that the entire population be genotype...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Gershon ES,Alliey-Rodriguez N,Grennan K

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychiatric disorders are complex multifactorial disorders involving chronic alterations in neural circuit structure and function. While genetic factors play a role in the etiology of disorders such as depression, addiction, and schizophrenia, relatively high rates of discordance among identical twins clearly point to...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Bagot RC,Labonté B,Peña CJ,Nestler EJ

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients show a downregulation of GAD67, reelin (RELN), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and other genes expressed in telencephalic GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. This downregulation is associated with the enrichment of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcy...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Guidotti A,Grayson DR

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with long-lasting psychological suffering, distressing psychosocial disability, markedly reduced health-related quality of life, and increased morbidity and mortality in a subgroup of individuals in the aftermath of serious traumatic events. Both etiopathogenesis...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Kapfhammer HP

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major public health concern. Despite tremendous advances, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with MDD are still unclear. Moreover, a significant number of MDD subjects do not respond to the currently available medication. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs tha...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Dwivedi Y

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DESPITE THE IMPORTANCE OF NUMEROUS PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, AT ITS CORE, DRUG ADDICTION INVOLVES A BIOLOGICAL PROCESS: the ability of repeated exposure to a drug of abuse to induce changes in a vulnerable brain that drive the compulsive seeking and taking of drugs, and loss of control over drug use, that define a state o...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Nestler EJ

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review critical trends in imaging genetics as applied to schizophrenia research, and then discuss some future directions of the field. A plethora of imaging genetics studies have investigated the impact of genetic variation on brain function, since the paradigm of a neuroimaging intermediate phenotype for schizophr...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Birnbaum R,Weinberger DR

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is clinically important to recognize both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in patients seeking treatment for depression, and it is important to distinguish between the two. Research considering whether BPD should be considered part of a bipolar spectrum reaches differing conclusions. We re...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Zimmerman M,Morgan TA

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain plasticity is an intrinsic characteristic of the nervous system that allows continuous remodeling of brain functions in pathophysiological conditions. Although normal aging is associated with morphological modifications and decline of cerebral functions, brain plasticity is at least partially preserved in elderl...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Chollet F

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Time has long been a major topic of study in social science, as in other sciences or in philosophy. Social scientists have tended to focus on collective representations of time, and on the ways in which these representations shape our everyday experiences. This contribution addresses work from such disciplines as anth...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Schulz Y

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we outline critical molecular processes that have been implicated by discovery of genetic mutations in autism. These mechanisms need to be mapped onto the neurodevelopment step(s) gone awry that may be associated with cause in autism. Molecular mechanisms include: (i) regulation of gene expression; (ii...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Pescosolido MF,Yang U,Sabbagh M,Morrow EM

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Losing a loved to suicide is one is one of life's most painful experiences. The feelings of loss, sadness, and loneliness experienced after any death of a loved one are often magnified in suicide survivors by feelings of quilt, confusion, rejection, shame, anger, and the effects of stigma and trauma. Furthermore, surv...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Tal Young I,Iglewicz A,Glorioso D,Lanouette N,Seay K,Ilapakurti M,Zisook S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human memory is not a literal reproduction of the past, but instead relies on constructive processes that are sometimes prone to error and distortion. Understanding of constructive memory has accelerated during recent years as a result of research that has linked together its cognitive and neural bases. This article f...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Schacter DL

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomarkers have been receiving increasing attention, especially in the field of psychiatry In contrast to the availability of potent therapeutic tools including pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and biological therapies, unmet needs remain in terms of onset of action, stability of response, and further improvement of th...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Wiedemann K

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and sensorimotor disturbances are the principal clinical manifestations of traumatic brain injury (TBI) throughout the early postinjury period. These post-traumatic neuropsychiatric disturbances present substantial challenges to patients, their families, and clinicians providing their...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Arciniegas DB

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last few years, neuroimaging techniques have contributed greatly to the identification of the structural and functional neuroanatomy of anxiety disorders. The amygdala seems to be a crucial structure for fear and anxiety, and has consistently been found to be activated in anxiety-provoking situations. Apart f...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Holzschneider K,Mulert C

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with cancer and depression experience more physical symptoms, have poorer quality of life, and are more likely to have suicidal thoughts or a desire for hastened death than are cancer patients who are not depressed. Despite the ubiquity of depressive symptoms in cancer patients at the end of life, critical qu...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Rosenstein DL

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that affects approximately 2% of the populations of children and adults. Family aggregation studies have demonstrated that OCD is familial, and results from twin studies demonstrate that the familiality is due in part to genetic factors. Only three ...

journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience

authors： Pauls DL

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00