Abstract：
BACKGROUND/AIM:5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), is now used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of pre-cancers of the skin and photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of brain tumors. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) of cancers with ultrasound has been studied using 5-ALA as a sonosensitizer. In this article, we evaluated the sonosensitizing activity and mode of action of 5-ALA/PpIX by using mouse mammary tumor EMT6 cells. RESULTS:5-ALA-SDT showed significant antitumor effects toward EMT6 cells in vitro and in vivo. The fluorescence of MitoSOX Red, an indicator specific for mitochondrial superoxide, was significantly increased by 5-ALA-SDT. Moreover, the fluorescence derived from JC-1, an indicator of mitochondrial membrane potential, was also significantly increased by 5-ALA-SDT. These findings suggest that mitochondria are one of the target organelles of 5-ALA-SDT. PpIX enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), suggesting that PpIX might stabilize or promote ROS generation from tBHP. CONCLUSION:5-ALA-SDT showed an antitumor effect in mouse mammary tumor EMT6 cells through oxidation of the mitochondrial membrane via ROS production.
journal_name
Anticancer Resjournal_title
Anticancer researchauthors
Shimamura Y,Tamatani D,Kuniyasu S,Mizuki Y,Suzuki T,Katsura H,Yamada H,Endo Y,Osaki T,Ishizuka M,Tanaka T,Yamanaka N,Kurahashi T,Uto Ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
3607-12issue
7eissn
0250-7005issn
1791-7530pii
36/7/3607journal_volume
36pub_type
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