Abstract:
:Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of kidney failure. Treatments with drugs that block the renin-angiotensin system have proven beneficial in slowing kidney disease progression among those with diabetes; their benefit is limited and they do not stop disease progression. Despite multiple clinical trials of various interventions including dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system over the past 15 years, no new therapies have emerged to slow kidney disease progression in diabetes. SGLT-2 inhibitors are a new class of antiglycemic drugs that have been shown to lower blood glucose by inhibition of the sodium-glucose transporter 2 in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Several of these inhibitors have been marketed for treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In a recent double-blind randomized and placebo-controlled trial of cardiovascular outcomes, an SGLT-2 inhibitor-based intervention using empagliflozin was shown to be superior to placebo-based regimen for reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events among people with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. In a pre-specified secondary analysis of renal outcomes from this trial, Wanner et al. [N Engl J Med 2016;375:323-334] recently reported that empagliflozin administration was also associated with significant reductions in the progression of kidney disease including the rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), progression of albuminuria and initiation of renal replacement therapy. While the results of this trial are striking and impressive, the majority of those enrolled in the trial did not have evidence of diabetic kidney disease as assessed by eGFR or albuminuria. Thus, whether or not they represent a breakthrough in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy remains to be determined. Several ongoing clinical trials are in the planning stages to evaluate SGLT-2 inhibition in a population of patients with overt kidney disease. These trials will help to substantiate, or not, the potential for this class of drugs to be added to the armamentarium of therapeutic strategies to prevent progression of kidney disease in diabetes.
journal_name
Nephronjournal_title
Nephronauthors
Toto RDdoi
10.1159/000450895subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
64-67issue
1eissn
1660-8151issn
2235-3186pii
000450895journal_volume
137pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
NEPHRON文献大全abstract::The effect of uremia upon the hepatic clearance rate of prednisone was studied in isolated perfused livers of normal and uremic female rats. The perfusion rate was kept at a constant flow rate of 25 ml/min. In order to induce uremia, one group of rats was 5/6 nephrectomized 3 weeks prior to the perfusions. The concent...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000184072
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1987, we have experienced 11 children with acute renal failure (ARF) associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (YP) infection. The illness began with the sudden onset of high fever, skin rash and gastrointestinal symptoms. Later in the course, periungual desquamation developed, mimicking Kawasaki disease. Elev...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000188611
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A very simple analytical procedure with dimethylmethylene blue as photometric reagent was applied for the evaluation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) urinary excretions and concentrations in both sexes, calcium oxalate stone formers, and a control group. The GAG concentrations varied significantly in stone formers (males an...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000188306
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with cadaveric renal transplantation was diagnosed by brain-computed tomography and ELISA as having neurocysticercosis in the CSF. Complete cure was achieved after praziquantel therapy. Function of the allograft was not affected. ...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000184074
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reviews the control of aldosterone secretion, including the role played by hepatic metabolic clearance, ACTH, and the renin-angiotensin system, and the interrelationships of aldosterone secretion with sodium and potassium metabolism. The physiological modulations of aldosterone secretion by the upright post...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000181613
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighteen hemodialysis, 12 chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and 20 renal transplant patients performed maximal treadmill exercise tests. Heart rates and blood pressures were determined every minute and maximal oxygen consumption was measured directly. Exercise capacity as measured by VO2 max is low in dia...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000183632
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) appear to reflect sympathetic nervous system (SNS) tone. Plasma NE increases substantially when the SNS is stressed by acute postural change or physical exercise. Standing up from the recumbent position elevates NE by about 90% in healthy normotensive and hypertensive subje...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000181614
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::8 patients who developed proteinuria whilst receiving penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis have been studied. Light microscopy of renal biopsy specimens showed evidence of an extramembranous nephropathy in 6 cases, with epimembranous spikes infrequently described previously in association with penicillamine. ...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000181984
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromoblastomycosis is a rare, deep mycosis seen mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. We have encountered a kidney transplant recipient with this subcutaneous mycosis developing as an asymptomatic mass in the right forearm. The lesion recurred after an initial local excision, but it is now apparently cured 10 m...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000183468
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been associated with several renal disorders. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS) were also described in several patients with overt AIDS. We describe a patient who presented with HUS and only subsequent investigation to find the caus...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000188916
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood eosinophils were counted by the counting-chamber method in 21 regular hemodialysis patients. Before dialysis, eosinophil counts were within the normal range in all patients (mean 98 cells/mm3, range 6-350). After the first 15 min of hemodialysis, with not reused coils or hollow-fiber dialysers, a significant dro...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000182805
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the bulk of renal hypertrophy induced by contralateral nephrectomy or a high-protein diet consists of tubular cell growth, there is some evidence suggesting that mesangial cells play a role in this phenomenon. Previous data suggest that this role of mesangial cells is associated with their proliferation. We, the...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000045668
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion were determined before and during infusion of dopamine in doses ranging from 0.25 to 8 micrograms/kg/min in healthy volunteers (n = 15) and in patients with renal disease and moderately impaired renal function (n = 21, baseline glomerular filtration rate 34-85 ml/min). While in ...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000185674
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize humic compounds in Anticolana Valley (Fiuggi) water. The capacity of this class of compounds to mobilize metals from solid phases could have an important role in calculi solubilization. Humic compounds were isolated, purified and characterised by FTIR, 1H-NMR ...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000046304
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was determined in serum and peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) of patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) by a biological assay measuring the proliferation of the IL-6-dependent 7TD1 cell line. Six patients free of peritonitis displayed low but significant levels of IL-6 (mean +/...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000186154
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary hyperparathyroidism is common in chronic renal failure and is due to inadequate synthesis of calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D. Intravenous administration of alphacalcidol, a synthetic analogue which is metabolized to calcitriol, was given during 12 weeks to 51 patients on chronic hemodialysis i...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000186004
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of isolated ACTH deficiency with hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, presenting severe hyponatremia, is described. A 57-year-old man complaining of nausea, vomiting and fatigability was admitted to our hospital because of hyponatremia (114 mEq/I). The low levels of serum cortisol and urinary 17-OHCS suggested gluc...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000189056
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro formation of prostaglandins (PG) E2, F2 alpha, 6-keto-F1 alpha, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) by glomeruli from rats with reduced renal mass (RRM) were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. Four weeks following ablation of renal mass, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and TxB2 production by glomeruli from RRM rats was significantly gre...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000183676
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To reassess the reported protective effects of verapamil in renal ischaemia, we perfused the left kidney of uninephrectomized female Wistar rats with verapamil (0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg) immediately prior to clamping the renal artery for 60 min. When compared to controls, both doses of verapamil failed to afford protection w...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000186279
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce proteinuria and slow renal disease progression more effectively than other therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, differences regarding efficacy and safety between these therapies rem...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000500925
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of treatment with 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-OH-D3) and different diets on uremic arterial disease was studied. Three groups of rabbits with chronic renal failure (CRF) were kept on three diets with a low, medium or high content of calcium and phosphate. Half the rabbits in each group were trea...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000183007
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiologic action of prazosin in man was studied in 23 patients including 10 treated with prazosin plus polythiazide. Responders to prazosin alone (blood pressure fell greater than 10 mm Hg) had a decrease in peripheral resistance (p less than 0.02) and no significant change in plasma volume, while nonresponders'...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000182245
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently showed in dogs that there is a close relationship between bicarbonate reabsorption and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The present studies were designed to confirm these findings in five normal men. Bicarbonate titrations were done after ingesting a low protein diet for one week and were repeated followi...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000180453
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been generally accepted that acidosis results in hyperkalemia because of shifts of potassium from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment. There is ample clinical and experimental evidence, however, to support the conclusion that uncomplicated organic acidemias do not produce hyperkalemia. In acidosi...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000182061
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of intravenous 1 alpha(OH)D3 on circulating intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and COOH-terminal immunoreactive PTH was examined in 21 patients on chronic hemodialysis. The patients were treated for 3 months with increasing doses of 1 alpha(OH)D3 under careful control of serum Ca2+. 1 alpha(OH)D3 was given in...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000185744
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor has been shown to have a glomerular vasodepressor effect in the newly diabetic rat and to largely prevent subsequent development of severe sclerosing glomerular injury. Preliminary studies in humans with established diabetic glomerular injury rev...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000186031
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present prospective study was conducted in order to establish the relationship between complement activation and stimulation of phagocyte oxidative metabolism observed in long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients during the early phase of dialysis with cellulosic membranes. Two groups of 10 randomized (HD) patients tre...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000186565
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the cytokines responsible for the increase in production of IgA in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and soluble CD23 (sCD23) were examined. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum were obtained from 24 patients with IgAN and 14 patients with non-IgA prol...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000188805
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperparathyroidism is a common problem for patients on renal replacement therapy programs. Many long-term dialysis patients require parathyroidectomy while on dialysis. Some patients, however, despite severe renal osteodystrophy, are transplanted, and in these a large proportion show a slow resolution of bony problem...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000046051
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:The ultrasonic transit time is currently the best method for measuring the blood flow rate in the extracorporeal hemodialysis circuit. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences between blood flow as indicated by the hemodialysis blood roller pump (prescribed blood flow) and by an ultrasoni...
journal_title:Nephron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000045647
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00