Abstract:
:The glycoproteome, the ensemble of glycans and their carrier proteins, plays major roles in multicellular life by regulating cell interactions with their environment. How information is encoded into the glycome, in other words how glycosylation is modulated in response to signals, remains largely unclear. Glycosylation enzymes operate predominantly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi, a highly compartmentalized membrane-bound environment. Recent work indicates that this compartmentalization is plastic and tightly regulated. For instance, specific signals can induce the relocation of O-glycosylation enzymes, GALNTs, from the Golgi to the ER, resulting in significant upregulation of O-glycosylation initiation. We have named this re-compartmentation process the 'GALA pathway'. GALA illustrates how membrane trafficking in the secretory pathway can regulate protein glycosylation and thus encode information in the glycome.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
Bard F,Chia Jdoi
10.1016/j.tcb.2015.12.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-01 00:00:00pages
379-388issue
5eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(15)00251-2journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Hematopoiesis generally refers to hematopoietic development in fetuses and adults, as well as to hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into progeny lineages. The multiple processes that generate diverse hematopoietic cells have been considered to be unidirectional. However, many reports have recently demonstrated th...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2020.07.006
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquinone (UQ; also known as coenzyme Q; CoQ) is a mobile component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it acts as a pro-oxidant in its ubisemiquinone state. Despite this, UQ is also believed to be a membrane antioxidant. These properties place UQ at the center of hotly debated questions about how mi...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2015.12.007
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of 'BRCAness' defines the pathogenesis and vulnerability of multiple cancers. The canonical definition of BRCAness is a defect in homologous recombination repair, mimicking BRCA1 or BRCA2 loss. In turn, BRCA-deficient cells utilize error-prone DNA-repair pathways, causing increased genomic instability, whi...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2019.06.005
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The roles of post-translational histone modifications in regulating transcription and DNA damage have been widely studied and discussed. Although mitotic histone marks, particularly phosphorylation, were discovered four decades ago, their roles in mitosis have been outlined only in the past few years. Here we aim to p...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.11.005
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbiology has a long way to go. Microbes are ubiquitous, and all other life forms in the biosphere exist solely because of them, but, as less than 1% of microorganisms can be grown in the laboratory, more than a century of research has revealed only the tip of the iceberg concerning this most crucial of life scienc...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new adaptor protein complex, termed AP-3, has recently been identified in mammalian cells, and genetic studies in yeast have revealed a functional role for the AP-3 complex in cargo-selective transport via a new alternative trafficking pathway from the Golgi to the vacuole/lysosome. Here, the authors review what is ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01295-1
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The function of caveolae is hotly debated. It now seems clear that caveolae are stable membrane domains that are kept in place by the actin cytoskeleton. However, this stability can be perturbed, leading to caveolar internalization. Caveolae are important in the regulation of various signaling processes, such as nitri...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(02)00039-9
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most current research in cell biology uses just a handful of model systems including yeast, Arabidopsis, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, mouse, and cultured mammalian cells. And for good reason - for many biological questions, the best system for the question is likely to be found among these models. Ho...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.08.005
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle progression through spatiotemporally regulated proteolysis. Although recent studies revealed its postmitotic function, our knowledge of the role of APC/C beyond cell cycle regulation in the biology...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2019.03.001
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division leading to the production of gametes. During meiotic prophase I, homologous chromosomes interact with each other and form bivalents (pairs of homologous chromosomes). Three major meiotic processes--chromosome pairing, synapsis and recombination--are involved in the format...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting nearly 300 million individuals worldwide. Both types of diabetes (1 and 2) are characterized by loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass causing different degrees of insulin deficiency. The Bcl-2 family has a double-edged effect in diabetes. These proteins are crucial control...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2011.03.001
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decreased aerobic (hypoxic) conditions in tumors induce the release of cytokines that promote vascularization and thereby enhance tumor growth and metastasis. Recent major advances have provided insight into the role hypoxia plays in cancer biology. The domain structure of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alp...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02126-2
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germ cells in many vertebrate and invertebrate species initiate gametogenesis by forming groups of interconnected cells known as germline cysts. Recent studies using Xenopus, mouse and Drosophila are beginning to uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control germline cyst formation and, in conjunction wit...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01594-9
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most toxic DNA lesions given their oncogenic potential. Nevertheless, programmed DSBs (prDSBs) contribute to several biological processes. Formation of prDSBs is the 'price to pay' to achieve these essential biological functions. Generated by domesticated PiggyBac transposases, ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.005
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoplasmic reticulum contains a number of proteins involved in the processing of secretory polypeptides. These include BiP, which is an Hsp70-family member highly conserved throughout evolution. BiP is known to be intimately involved in several aspects of protein biogenesis, but our understanding of these events ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0962-8924(97)01079-9
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate spindle positioning is crucial for spatial control of cell division. During metazoan development, coordination between polarity cues and spindle position also ensures correct segregation of cell fate determinants. Converging evidence indicates that spindle positioning is achieved through interactions between ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02306-1
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and TGF-beta-related proteins have key roles in development, tissue homeostasis and disease. Upon binding to their cell surface receptors, TGF-beta family proteins signal through Smads to induce changes in gene expr...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2009.05.008
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell niches are specialized microenvironments where pluripotent cells are maintained to provide undifferentiated cells for the formation of new tissues and organs. The balance between stem cell maintenance within the niche and differentiation of cells that exit it is regulated by local cell-cell communication, to...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2007.06.002
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vesicular transport of proteins and lipids between distinct subcellular compartments is directly responsible for generating and maintaining the structure of the organelles of the secretory and endocytic pathways in eukaryotic cells. Rapid advances in a variety of experimental systems have resulted in the identificatio...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0962-8924(92)90051-n
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work has revealed that mitochondria and chloroplasts are subject to direct control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Ubiquitin E3 ligases are present at the outer membrane of both organelles where they mediate ubiquitination and turnover of other organellar proteins. Both organelles exhibit remarkable s...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2013.04.008
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::How do the many different components of an organelle assemble into a functional structure at an appropriate place and time? Flagellar regeneration by the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas is one experimental system in which genetics, biochemistry and ultrastructural analysis are being combined to investigate the a...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0962-8924(93)90136-o
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Id helix-loop-helix proteins function at a general level as positive regulators of cell growth and as negative regulators of cell differentiation. They act as dominant-negative antagonists of other helix-loop-helix transcription factors, which drive cell lineage commitment and differentiation in diverse cell types of ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that actin can associate with intracellular membranes to drive endocytosis and the rocketing motion of bacteria, virions and some organelles and to regulate synaptic vesicle plasticity. Actin also has been extensively reported to be involved at several steps of exocytosis; however, it has typically be...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.03.003
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular bacteria including major pathogens live in the cytoplasm or in cytoplasmic vacuoles within their host cell. However, some can invade more unusual intracellular niches such as the eukaryotic nucleus. Phylogenetically diverse intranuclear bacteria have been discovered in various protist, arthropod, marine ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2015.01.002
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilins are a family of essential actin regulatory proteins, ubiquitous among eukaryotes, that enhance the turnover of actin by regulating the rate constants of polymerization and depolymerization at filament ends, changing the twist of the filament and severing actin filaments. ...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01619-0
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family proteins control cell physiology, proliferation, and growth, and direct cell differentiation, thus playing key roles in normal development and disease. The mechanisms of how TGF-β family ligands interact with heteromeric complexes of cell surface receptors to then activate Sma...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2017.04.005
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial regulator of cell function, and it is now well established that signaling by integrins mediates many of these effects. Ten years of research has seen integrin signaling advance on many fronts towards a molecular understanding of the control mechanisms. Most strik...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02152-3
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic instability contributes to the origin of cancer as well as to the ability of cancer cells to become resistant to various therapies. Because of this, cytotoxic rather than cytostatic therapies might be most effective against this disease. Many oncogenes and tumor suppressors mediate their effects by interfering...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02063-3
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are major threats to the genomic integrity of cells. If not taken care of properly, they can cause chromosome fragmentation, loss and translocation, possibly resulting in carcinogenesis. Upon DSB formation, cell-cycle checkpoints are triggered and multiple DSB repair pathways can be act...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01383-x
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noncoding RNAs are emerging as central players in gene expression regulation through the targeting of a plethora of mRNAs. Several recent papers report on the regulation of the epithelial phenotype by the miR-200 (200 family of miRNAs) family and a natural antisense transcript, both acting on the E-cadherin repressors...
journal_title:Trends in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2008.05.005
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00