Abstract：
:Attention has been focused on Wnt signaling in the mouse mammary gland for several decades, firstly by the discovery of several Wnt loci among the oncogenes revealed by MMTV-based insertional mutagenesis screening of mouse mammary gland, and then by the remarkable visualization of Wnt-dependent specification of mammary placodes in embryonic skin. This review aims to summarize the impact of recent data for our understanding of the roles of Wnt signaling in these roles. The amount and identity of both familiar and novel Wnt signaling components is examined for mouse mammary epithelial cells. The hierarchical arrangement of mammary epithelial cell progenitors and stem cells inferred from the study of isolated cells is reinterpreted in an era that has demonstrated almost limitless cellular plasticity. Functional definitions of stem and progenitor activities are reevaluated with the discovery of novel stem cell activities and regulators, and we draw parallels with the arrangement of replication-competent cells in other tissues. Although Wnt signaling is highly oncogenic for mouse mammary epithelia, the data supporting Wnt signaling as a tumor driver for human breast cancer are still flimsy, and there is little support for the recruitment of normal Wnt-dependent breast stem cells as tumor precursor cells for either mouse or human. We discuss possible explanations for this paradox and questions still unanswered, including the potential impact of recent discoveries of Wnt-secreting microenvironments, oncogenic changes in the Rspo/Lgr/Ubiquitin ligase amplifier complex, as they could apply to breast tissues, and the feedback suppression of Wnt signaling that characterizes its developmental activity and may hide Wnt signatures in tumors.
journal_name
Prog Mol Biol Transl Scijournal_title
Progress in molecular biology and translational scienceauthors
Alexander CMdoi
10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
271-298eissn
1877-1173issn
1878-0814pii
S1877-1173(17)30198-9journal_volume
153pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Bacteriophage T4 is the archetype of virulent phage. It has evolved very efficient strategies to subvert host functions to its benefit and to impose the expression of its genome. T4 utilizes a combination of host and phage-encoded RNases and factors to degrade its mRNAs in a stage-dependent manner. The host endonuclea...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6603(08)00802-7
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grifola frondosa, a polypore fungus that grows at the base of trees, is an edible and medicinal mushroom with a large fruiting body characterized by overlapping caps. Japanese scholars found that Grifola frondosa polysaccharide or D-fraction is the major biologically active ingredient, which is a protein-bound glucan ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.010
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Being responsible for more than 90% of cellular functions, protein molecules are workhorses in all the life forms. In order to cater for such a high demand, proteins have evolved to adopt diverse structures that allow them to perform myriad of functions. Beginning with the genetically directed amino acid sequence, the...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.06.001
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases describe a number of different human disorders that differ in their clinical phenotypes, which are nonetheless united by their transmissible nature and common pathology. Clinical variation in the absence of a conventional infectious agent is believed to be en...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.08.006
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpesviruses are an ancient group which have exploited gene capture of multiple cellular modulators of the immune response. Viral homologues of 7 transmembrane receptors (v7TMRs) are a consistent feature of beta- and gammaherpesviruses; the majority of the v7TMRs are homologous to cellular chemokine receptors (CKRs)....
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2014.10.010
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pituitary gonadotrope is central to reproductive function. Gonadotropes develop in a systematic process dependent on signaling factors secreted from surrounding tissues and those produced within the pituitary gland itself. These signaling pathways are important for stimulating specific transcription factors that u...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.08.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be separated and characterized from normal hematopoietic cellular constituents by a variety of methods. Different strategies have included separation by physical characteristics, such as size or weight, or by biological characteristics, such as expression of epithelial or cancer-spec...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-385071-3.00005-8
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The worldwide epidemic of metabolic disease indicates that a better understanding of the pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of this constellation of diseases need to be determined. Nuclear hormone receptors comprise a superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors that control development, differentiatio...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1877-1173(09)87001-4
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the discovery of specialized T cells with regulatory function, harnessing the power of these cells to ameliorate autoimmunity has been a major goal. Here we collate the evidence that regulatory T cells (Treg) can inhibit Type 1 diabetes in animal models and humans. We discuss the anatomical sites and molecular m...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.08.004
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadherin-based cell-cell adhesions are dynamic structures that mediate tissue organization and morphogenesis. They link cells together, mediate cell-cell recognition, and influence cell shape, motility, proliferation, and differentiation. At the cellular level, operation of classical cadherin adhesion systems is coord...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-394311-8.00003-0
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Signaling via G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is central for the function of biological systems. Many clinically used drugs target GPCRs directly or target molecules involved in GPCR signaling. As an alternative to targeting receptors directly, one could modulate signaling cascades downstream of receptor activatio...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1877-1173(10)91004-1
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses have evolved to exploit the vast complexity of cellular processes for their success within the host cell. The entry mechanisms of enveloped viruses (viruses with a surrounding outer lipid bilayer membrane) are usually classified as being either endocytotic or fusogenic. Different mechanisms have been proposed ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2014.10.002
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both genetic and environmental factors play roles in the development of refractive errors. Identification of genes involved in refractive errors may help in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism related to both genetic defects and environmental pressure. Recent development of techniques for genome wide analys...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.05.007
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ndsts (N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferases) are enzymes responsible for N-sulfation during heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin biosynthesis. In this review, basic features of the Ndst1 enzyme are covered and a brief description of HS biosynthesis and its regulation is presented. Effects of Ndst1 deficiency on embryonic dev...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1877-1173(10)93003-2
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is commonly found in older people and in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) accompanying cerebrovascular disorders and dementia. Early-onset CAA cases generally have been found only in rare genetic forms of CAA. Interestingly, however, CAA-related hemorrhages have been recently re...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.05.012
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Midbrain dopamine neurons are pacemakers in vitro, but in vivo they fire less regularly and occasionally in bursts that can lead to a temporary cessation in firing produced by depolarization block. The therapeutic efficacy of antipsychotic drugs used to treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia has been attributed ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-397897-4.00011-5
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation has been an important area of research in the study of molecular mechanism to psychiatric disorders. Recent evidence has suggested that abnormalities in global methylation, methylation of genes, and pathways could play a role in the etiology of many forms of mental illness. In this article, we review t...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.01.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of obesity is multifactorial, involving complex interactions among the genetic makeup, neuroendocrine status, fetal programming, and different unhealthy environmental factors, such as sedentarism or inadequate dietary habits. Among the different mechanisms causing obesity, epigenetics, defined as the stud...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-375003-7.00011-X
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria are well-known cellular organelles that play a vital role in cellular bioenergetics, heme biosynthesis, thermogenesis, calcium homeostasis, lipid catabolism, and other metabolic activities. Given the extensive role of mitochondria in cell function, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a part in many diseases, ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.019
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-surface receptors govern the critical information passage from outside to inside the cell and hence control important cellular decisions such as survival, growth, and differentiation. These receptors, structurally grouped into different families, utilize common intracellular signaling-proteins and pathways, yet p...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.04.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipofuscin is highly fluorescent material, formed in several tissues but best studied in the eye. The accumulation of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a hallmark of aging in the eye and has been implicated in various retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration. The bis-retino...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.06.005
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell membrane-associated junctional complexes mediate cell-cell adhesion, intercellular interactions, and other fundamental processes required for proper embryo morphogenesis. Cadherins are calcium-dependent transmembrane proteins at the core of adherens junctions and are expressed in distinct spatiotemporal patterns ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-394311-8.00013-3
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The liver is the largest glandular organ in the body and plays a central role in controlling metabolism. During hepatogenesis, complex developmental processes must generate an array of cell types that are spatially arranged to generate a hepatic architecture that is essential to support liver function. The processes t...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-385233-5.00003-9
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cardiorenal metabolic syndrome (CRS) consists of a constellation of cardiac, renal, and metabolic disorders including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, metabolic dyslipidemia, high-blood pressure, and evidence of early cardiac and renal disease. Mitochondria dysfunction often occurs in the CRS, and this dysfunctio...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-394625-6.00009-X
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the inhibitory (Gi/o) class play critical physiological roles and the receptors that activate them are important therapeutic targets (e.g., mu opioid, serotonin 5HT1a, etc.). Gi/o proteins are negatively regulated by regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins. The redundant ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.04.010
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal pregnancy is associated with marked hemodynamic and uterine changes that allow adequate uteroplacental blood flow and uterine expansion for the growing fetus. These pregnancy-associated changes involve significant uteroplacental and vascular remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important regulators ...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.04.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue are the largest organs in the human body and both tissues act as endocrine organs capable of secreting many bioactive molecules. There has been some confusion about nomenclature and we suggest that the name myokine should be restricted to a protein or molecule secreted from myo...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.002
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized histopathologically by the presence of plaques, mainly composed of Abeta amyloid and the tangles, mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. To date, there is no treatment that can reverse the disease, and all the current therapeutic...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-12-385506-0.00002-8
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the most sensitive, specific and practical of methods for detecting prions are the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assays. These assays exploit the fundamental self-propagating activity of prions to amplify the presence of prion seeds by as much as a trillion-fold. The reactions can detect most of...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.06.003
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) devastates 6.3 million people, ranking it as one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative motor disorders worldwide. PD patients may manifest symptoms of postural instability, bradykinesia, and resting tremors as a result of increasing α-synuclein aggregation and neuron death with disease progr...
journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.06.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
