Calpain in the cleavage of alpha-synuclein and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

abstract：:In this chapter, we describe how to create mathematical models of synaptic transmission and integration. We start with a brief synopsis of the experimental evidence underlying our current understanding of synaptic transmission. We then describe synaptic transmission at a particular glutamatergic synapse in the mammali...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Rothman JS,Silver RA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation has been an important area of research in the study of molecular mechanism to psychiatric disorders. Recent evidence has suggested that abnormalities in global methylation, methylation of genes, and pathways could play a role in the etiology of many forms of mental illness. In this article, we review t...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Liu C,Jiao C,Wang K,Yuan N

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most aspects of mammalian function display circadian rhythms driven by an endogenous clock. The circadian clock is operated by genes and comprises a central clock in the brain that responds to environmental cues and controls subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues via circadian output pathways. The central and periph...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Fu L,Kettner NM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogeny indicates that in mammals memory CD4-dependent antibody responses evolved after monotremes split from the common ancestor of marsupial and eutherian mammals. This was strongly associated with the development of segregated B and T cell areas and the development of a linked lymph node network. The evolution of...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Lane PJ,McConnell FM,Withers D,Gaspal F,Saini M,Anderson G

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the most sensitive, specific and practical of methods for detecting prions are the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assays. These assays exploit the fundamental self-propagating activity of prions to amplify the presence of prion seeds by as much as a trillion-fold. The reactions can detect most of...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Caughey B,Orru CD,Groveman BR,Hughson AG,Manca M,Raymond LD,Raymond GJ,Race B,Saijo E,Kraus A

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A substantive volume of research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged in recent years adding to our understanding of the etiopathological process. Preclinical models in mice and rats have been highly instrumental in modeling and dissecting the contributions of a multitude of known genetic and environmental ri...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Pietropaolo S,Bellocchio L,Bouzón-Arnáiz I,Yee BK

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases describe a number of different human disorders that differ in their clinical phenotypes, which are nonetheless united by their transmissible nature and common pathology. Clinical variation in the absence of a conventional infectious agent is believed to be en...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Ellett LJ,Revill ZT,Koo YQ,Lawson VA

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last two centuries, the discovery and understanding of the principle of fluorescence have provided new means of characterizing physical/biological/chemical processes in a noninvasive manner. Fluorescence spectroscopy has become one of the most powerful and widely applied methods in the life sciences, from fun...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Deshayes S,Divita G

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (or GPCRs) represent the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome and are the target of approximately half of all therapeutic drugs. GPCRs contain a conserved structure of seven transmembrane domains. Their amino terminus is located extracellularly, whereas the carboxy termin...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Moreno JL,Holloway T,González-Maeso J

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA damage signaling and checkpoint control pathways are among the most commonly mutated networks in human tumors. Emerging data suggest that synthetic lethal interactions between mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes with molecules involved in the DNA damage response and DNA repair pathways can be therapeutical...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Morandell S,Yaffe MB

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High blood pressure (BP) is a complex trait determined by both genetic and environmental factors, as well as the interactions between these factors. Over the past few decades, there has been substantial progress in elucidating the genetic determinants underlying the BP response to sodium intake, or BP salt sensitivity...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Kelly TN,He J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm because the histology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by the loss of smooth muscle cells in the aortic media and the destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM). Furthermore...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Rabkin SW

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transition metals such as manganese are essential nutrients for both pathogen and host. Vertebrates exploit this necessity to combat invading microbes by restricting access to these critical nutrients, a defense known as nutritional immunity. During infection, the host uses several mechanisms to impose manganese limit...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Kelliher JL,Kehl-Fie TE

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-surface receptors govern the critical information passage from outside to inside the cell and hence control important cellular decisions such as survival, growth, and differentiation. These receptors, structurally grouped into different families, utilize common intracellular signaling-proteins and pathways, yet p...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Girnita L,Takahashi SI,Crudden C,Fukushima T,Worrall C,Furuta H,Yoshihara H,Hakuno F,Girnita A

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Workers experience large interindividual variability in exposure and biological response following exposure to chemicals. Quantitative methods to investigate occupational exposures and their relationship with biomarker levels, toxicokinetics of chemicals, and gene-environment interactions in disease development can be...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Flack S,Nylander-French LA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoproteasomes contain replacements for the three catalytic subunits of standard proteasomes. In most cells, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines are stimuli that lead to elevated production of immunoproteasomes. Immune system cells, especially antigen-presenting cells, express a higher basal level of imm...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Ferrington DA,Gregerson DS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hammerhead ribozyme has long been considered a prototype for understanding RNA catalysis, but discrepancies between the earlier crystal structures of a minimal hammerhead self-cleaving motif and various biochemical investigations frustrated attempt to understand hammerhead ribozyme catalysis in terms of structure....

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Scott WG,Horan LH,Martick M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune system senses microbial infections using pattern-recognition receptors and signals to activate adaptive immunity. Type I transmembrane protein Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in antimicrobial immune responses. Upon the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, TLRs homo- ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Matsumoto M,Funami K,Oshiumi H,Seya T

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of chronic lung disease occurs as a consequence of multiple cellular events that involve an initial insult which often leads to the development of chronic inflammation, and the dysregulation of cellular proliferation and cell death mechanisms. Multiple cell types in the lung are key to the respiratory ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Racanelli AC,Choi AMK,Choi ME

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Grifola frondosa, a polypore fungus that grows at the base of trees, is an edible and medicinal mushroom with a large fruiting body characterized by overlapping caps. Japanese scholars found that Grifola frondosa polysaccharide or D-fraction is the major biologically active ingredient, which is a protein-bound glucan ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： He Y,Zhang L,Wang H

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat has accumulated over an extent that increases the risk of many chronic diseases. The current clinical classification of obesity is based on measurement of body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage. However, these measurements do not account for the ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Zhang YP,Zhang YY,Duan DD

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arrestins are a small protein family with only four members in mammals. Arrestins demonstrate an amazing versatility, interacting with hundreds of different G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) subtypes, numerous nonreceptor signaling proteins, and components of the internalization machinery, as well as cytoskeletal elem...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Gurevich VV,Gurevich EV

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human placenta is a unique organ that performs the function of the majority of fetal organs across gestation. How the placenta communicates with maternal tissues to prepare them for pregnancy is not fully understood. Recently, it has been established that placental cells can communicate with maternal tissues to re...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Salomon C,Rice GE

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin resistance plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is also associated with several other diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Type 2 diabetes and obesity have become epidemic worldwide in the past few decades, and epidemiological and metabolic eviden...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Rachek LI

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antidepressant drugs remain poorly understood, especially with respect to pharmacological mechanisms of action. This lack of knowledge results from the extreme complexity inherent to psychopharmacology, as well as to a corresponding lack of knowledge regarding depressive disorder pathophysiology. While the final analy...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Cottingham C,Ferryman CJ,Wang Q

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases are complex, progressive disorders and affect millions of people worldwide, contributing significantly to the global burden of disease. In recent years, research has begun to investigate epigenetic mechanisms for a potential role in disease etiology. In this chapter, we describe the current ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Lardenoije R,Pishva E,Lunnon K,van den Hove DL

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence showed that the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is an essential regulator of sexual development and reproduction from zebrafish to human. Activating and inactivating mutations of LHCGR gene have been identified from patients of different phenotypes. Familial male-limit...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Qiao J,Han B

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the inhibitory (Gi/o) class play critical physiological roles and the receptors that activate them are important therapeutic targets (e.g., mu opioid, serotonin 5HT1a, etc.). Gi/o proteins are negatively regulated by regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins. The redundant ...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Neubig RR

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complexity of memory formation and its persistence is a phenomenon that has been studied intensely for centuries. Memory exists in many forms and is stored in various brain regions. Generally speaking, memories are reorganized into broadly distributed cortical networks over time through systems level consolidation...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Santini E,Huynh TN,Klann E

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue are the largest organs in the human body and both tissues act as endocrine organs capable of secreting many bioactive molecules. There has been some confusion about nomenclature and we suggest that the name myokine should be restricted to a protein or molecule secreted from myo...

journal_title：Progress in molecular biology and translational science

authors： Görgens SW,Eckardt K,Jensen J,Drevon CA,Eckel J

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00