The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy of cutaneous and pulmonary infections due to the rapidly growing mycobacteria, M. fortuitum and M. chelonae.

abstract：:Bacterial pneumonias occur with increased frequency and can be associated with increased morbidity in the HIV-infected population compared with normals. The pathogens that most frequently cause community-acquired pneumonias are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and occasionally S. aureus. These pneumonias usually respond ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Fels AO

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco dependency syndrome is an organic disease caused by chronic use of inhaled tobacco smoke. It is occasionally controlled by willpower alone, but often requires pharmacotherapy in conjunction with various techniques to manage the psychological manifestations. The two effective drugs are bupropion, which is an or...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Lillington GA,Leonard CT,Sachs DP

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multitude of overlapping defenses has evolved to help combat the inventiveness of pathogens seeking to invade us, and because the lung is the most common primary route of infection, it is in the lung that the most varied responses are seen. This article focuses on recent research, particularly in innate immunity, an...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Waterer GW

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-AIDS has disproportionately affected minority populations in the United States. Significant disparities in case rates and mortality have been noted. This article reviews the magnitude of the problem and the many factors involved in the development and perpetuation of these disparities. Possible measures to help co...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Robles AM,Stringer HG Jr

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:VAP is clearly associated with an increased mortality, principally because of virulent pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. Part of the increased mortality may be due to inadequacies of antibiotic therapy. Apparent failure of antibiotic therapy has many causes; some are related to deficiencies of the antibiotic therapy, b...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Wunderink RG

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The description of organized thrombus in major pulmonary arteries can be found in autopsy reports dating back to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Not until the 1950s was the antemortem diagnosis and clinical syndrome of chronic thrombotic obstruction of the major pulmonary arteries better characteriz...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Auger WR,Kim NH,Kerr KM,Test VJ,Fedullo PF

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway inflammation due to exposure to a wide variety of agents encountered in the workplace is a major cause of occupational asthma. This article reviews major examples of occupational asthma linked to airway inflammation, including their epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical course. ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Fine JM,Balmes JR

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last few years, there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of action and resistance to antimycobacterials. To date, there is information about 11 genes involved in resistance in M. tuberculosis. This has prompted the development of novel tests for the rapid identification of res...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Telenti A

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors' data show a higher rate of pleural and meningeal involvement among extrapulmonary TB cases than expected by previous works. Special attention should be given to tuberculous meningitis cases among all extrapulmonary TB cases because of its high mortality rate. The most common extrapulmonary involvement is ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Ozbay B,Uzun K

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hispanic population in the United States is diverse in many respects. Although there is marked variation in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of asthma among Hispanic subgroups in the United States, these differences are poorly understood. Future stu-dies of asthma should include large samples of Hispanic s...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Cohen RT,Celedón JC

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary rehabilitation is an art of medical practice incorporating many therapeutic modalities with the goal of improving the patient's functional ability. The gains to be realized and the basis for improvement following pulmonary rehabilitation are detailed in this article. ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Make BJ

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:VAP is a complex nosocomial infection, the disease expression and resulting patient outcome of which is dependent on host factors, the causative organism, the timing and adequacy of treatment, and the presence of intrinsic or inducible antibiotic resistance. Significant improvements have been achieved in our...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Kollef MH

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Massive hemoptysis accounts for a minority of all patients with hemoptysis but poses a major challenge for the acute and long-term treatment. Massive hemoptysis can lead to asphyxiation and airway obstruction, shock, and exsanguination. Bronchoscopy plays an integral part in managing massive hemoptysis in diagnosis an...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Dweik RA,Stoller JK

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The psychosocial assessment of applicants to the Toronto Lung Transplant Program provides the team with a variety of information including coping style; adjustment to illness; presence and management of psychiatric disorders; ability to adhere to medical recommendations; and available social support. This information ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Craven JL,Bright J,Dear CL

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung function testing has undisputed value in the comprehensive assessment and individualized management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a pathologic condition in which a functional abnormality, poorly reversible expiratory airway obstruction, is at the core of its definition. After an overview of the physio...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Neder JA,de-Torres JP,Milne KM,O'Donnell DE

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditional tuberculosis (TB) infection control focuses on the known patient with TB, usually on appropriate treatment. A refocused, intensified TB infection control approach is presented. Combined with active case finding and rapid molecular diagnostics, an approach called FAST is described as a convenient way to cal...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Nardell EA

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis has become the standard for viral pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. Expansion of respiratory viral panels (RVPs) outside of influenza and, possibly, respiratory syncytial virus has led to the ability to diagnose viral infections for which no approved specific a...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Wunderink RG

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several medications have been associated with the development of the BOOP lesion. Often, symptoms include nonproductive cough and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles by examination. Occasionally, there is fever and rash, and, rarely, eosinophilia. The chest radiograph usually shows bilateral patchy infiltrates...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Epler GR

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms for exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are complex and multifaceted. Although ventilatory limitation caused by abnormal pulmonary function is a major contributor to this phenomenon, other factors may play an important role in limiting exercise. These other factors include depr...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Nici L

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medications can significantly increase weight loss compared with placebo in most trials. In general, patients can expect a weight loss of 8% to 10% from baseline provided they adhere to the weight-loss program and take medications regularly. All medications have side effects that need to be considered before initiatin...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Bray GA

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Available data show that Africa, together with the Americas and western and central Europe, reported the lowest prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, sub-Saharan Africa has a high TB incidence and the highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in the world, and because of the hig...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Schaaf HS,Moll AP,Dheda K

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many different therapeutic compounds are associated with pulmonary toxicity. Although the mechanism of injury for many of these compounds is poorly defined, several compounds are believed to produce alterations in normal lung biochemistry. These mechanisms of injury in both clinical and experimental models are discuss...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Duncan CA

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although primarily a lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now recognized to have extrapulmonary effects on distal organs, the so-called systemic effects and comorbidities of COPD. Skeletal muscle dysfunction, nutritional abnormalities including weight loss, cardiovascular complications, metabo...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Choudhury G,Rabinovich R,MacNee W

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep-related breathing disorders are strongly associated with increased risk of stroke independent of known risk factors. The direction of causation favors sleep-disordered breathing leading to stroke rather than the other way around, although definitive proof of this awaits the results of prospective cohort studies....

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Yaggi H,Mohsenin V

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of chronic bronchitis has been hampered by the fact that the diagnosis is based upon historical evidence of recurrent cough and sputum without any requirement that certain physiologic or microscopic criteria be met. Despite the fact that epidemiological studies have implicated viruses, bacteria, and ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Sachs FL

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary thromboembolism is a major cause of maternal mortality. DVT causes significant morbidity in pregnancy and in later life owing to the post-thrombotic syndrome. Obstetricians must have an understanding of the risk factors for VTE, the appropriate use of prophylaxis, the need for objective diagnosis in women wi...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Greer IA

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a biopsy may need to be performed in complicated patients, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is an important adjunct to the diagnosis of pulmonary and disseminated fungal infections. Culture is the gold standard for diagnosis in many instances, but cytologic and morphologic analysis is often diagnostic. Although n...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Knox KS,Meinke L

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Military personnel can be exposed to toxicants and conditions that can contribute to lung diseases. This article describes what is known about these exposures and diseases, focusing on the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Adverse lung health outcomes have been reported in US military personnel deployed to Iraq and/or Afghan...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Rose CS

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe asthma remains poorly understood and frustrating to treat, partly because it is a heterogeneous disease. Recent improvements in the definition of severe asthma have allowed better characterization of the phenotypes of severe asthma and the related physiologic and pathologic abnormalities. Early-onset severe ast...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Wenzel S

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sjögren's syndrome is one of the most common systemic rheumatic diseases. Pulmonary disease is prevalent in Sjögren's syndrome; respiratory manifestations include chronic cough, obstructive airways disease, pulmonary lymphoma, and interstitial lung disease that may progress to severe pulmonary fibrosis. ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Cain HC,Noble PW,Matthay RA

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00